Are plant & animal

cells the same or

different?
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 Common Parts of Animal And Plant Cells

1. Cell Membrane
The outer lining of the cell which
encloses all other cell organelles.
also known as the plasma
membrane
is semipermeable.

Function:
It supports and protects the cell.
It also controls the movement of
materials in/out of cell. Cell Membrane
It forms a barrier between cell
and its environment.
 Common Parts of Animal And Plant Cells
2. Cytoplasm

It is the fluid substance that fills

the cell. All the cell organelles are
suspended in the cytoplasm.

Function:
The cytoplasm maintains the
osmotic concentration of the
cells and prevents them from
bursting or shrinking.
Cytoplasm
 Common Parts of Animal And Plant Cells
3. Nucleus:
It is a membrane bound
organelle, spherical in shape.
Most of the activities of the
cell is directed by the
nucleus.
Function:
All the cells in an animal has
one complete set of genes in
its nucleus.
The genetic material DNA
help in protein formation. Nucleus

Nucleolus: It is darkly stained are in the nucleus, it aids in

protein formation and RNA synthesis.
 Common Parts of Animal And Plant Cells

4. Mitochondria:

The largest organ of the cell

known as the 'power house
of the cell'.
a spherical or rod shaped
organelles and is enveloped
by a double membrane.

Function:
The mitochondria aids in mitochondria
conversion of glucose to high
energy molecules (ATP) for the
cell.
 Common Parts of Animal And Plant Cells

5. Endoplasmic reticulum
It is a large network of
interconnecting membrane
tunnels
composed of both rough
endoplasmic reticulum
and smooth endoplasmic
reticulum.

Endoplasmic reticulum
 Common Parts of Animal And Plant Cells

6. Ribosomes:
Ribosomes are found on
the endoplasmic reticulum.

Function:
Together they help in
manufacturing proteins for
the cell following
instructions of the nucleus.
ribosomes
 Common Parts of Animal And Plant Cells

7.Golgi Apparatus Golgi apparatus

They are flattened stacks

of membrane bound sacs.
It looks like the ER, and
are located near the
nucleus.

Function:
Its function is to modify
proteins made by the cell
and pack and export
proteins to the cell parts.
 Common Parts of Animal And Plant Cells
8. Vacuole
They are organelles for
storage. Small membrane
bound vacuoles filled
with fluids and water are
present in animals. In
plant cells the vacuoles
perform functions of
secretion, excretion and
storage.

vacuole
 Only in Plant Cells

Cell wall:
a rigid layer that surrounds the plant cells. It
is located outside the cell membrane
whose main function is to provide rigidity,
strength, protection against mechanical
stress and infection.

Chloroplasts: It is an elongated or disc-

shaped organelle containing chlorophyll. It is
the site for photosynthesis in a plant cell.

Plastids: Plastids are storage organelles.

They store products like starch for synthesis
of fatty acids and terpenes.
In an Animal Cell

Lysosome
membrane bound organelles, they
contain digestive enzymes. They
break down the waste products
and detoxify the cell.

It is present in animal cells. It is

not evident in plant cells
 Cell wall
cell membrane

mitochondrion

nucleus

cytoplasm

vacuole chloroplast
 Comparison of Plant and Animal Cells
Plant Cell Animal Cell

Cell wall made of cellulose is

Cell Wall X
present in almost all cells.

Plastids like leucoplasts,

Plastids chloroplast and chromoplasts X
are present.

Plants cells have chloroplasts

Chloroplasts X
to prepare their own food.

Vacuoles are usually absent

Cell sap containing vacuoles
Vacuoles or one or more small vacuoles
are present.
are seen.
 Comparison of Plant and Animal Cells
Plant Cell Animal Cell

Lysosomes occur in
Lysosomes not evident.
Lysosomes cytoplasm.
Due to the presence of the
vacoule at the centre of the Nucleus is usually located
Nucleus cell, nucleus may be located at centrally.
the edge of the cell.
Plant cells have many simpler
Animal cells have a single
Golgi bodies units of golgi complex, called
highly elaborate golgi complex.
dictyosomes.

Endoplasmic reticulum Present Present

 Comparison of Plant and Animal Cells

Plant Cell Animal Cell

Ribosomes Present Present

Mitochondria Present Present

Present only in lower plant

Centrioles Present
forms.

Cannot make their own food.

Can prepare own food They depend directly or
Nutrition
through photosynthesis. indirectly on plants for their
food.
 Comparison of Plant and Animal Cells
Plant Cell Animal Cell

Most plants do not exhibit Most animals exhibit

Locomotion
movement. locomotion

Keep growing throughout Growth stops after

Growth and development their life and are localized in maturation, but body cells are
the apical meristem. replaced periodically .

Rigid, fixes rectangular Lack rigidity, are round and

Cell shape and structure
shape. irregular shape.
 Similarities and Differences of
Animal and Plant Cells

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