CHAPTER 1:

PHYSICAL QUANTITIES &

MEASUREMENTS
(3 hours)
1.1 PHYSICAL QUANTITIES AND
UNITS

1.2 VECTOR OPERATIONS

1.3 MEASUREMENT AND ERRORS

(LABORATORY WORK)
 1.1 PHYSICAL QUANTITIES AND UNITS
(1 HOUR)
At the end of this chapter students should be able to:

a) Recall basic quantities and their respective SI units:

length (m), time (s), mass (kg), electrical current (A),
temperature (K) and amount of substance (mol).

b) Convert units to
i. common S.I. prefixes.
ii. Other unit system : cgs and fps

c) Use dimension analysis to:

iii. Verify the homogeneity of physics equations.
iv. deduce units of derived quantities.
APPLICATION…
 PHYSICAL QUANTITIES AND UNITS

PHYSICAL QUANTITIES AND UNITS

DERIV UNIT DIMENS

BASE
ED PREFI CONV IONAL
QUAN
QUAN X ERSIO ANALY
TITIES SIS
TITIES N
 PHYSICAL QUANTITIES

DEFINITION Quantities that are

measurable.
CONSISTS Numerical value
Unit
CATEGORIES 1) Base quantities
2) Derived quantities
 PHYSICAL QUANTITIES

PHYSICAL QUANTITIES

BASE QUANTITIES DERIVED QUANTITIES

Fundamental quantity that cannot be derived in terms of other physics quantities. Physical quantity which can be expressed in term of base quantity .
 PHYSICAL UNITS

PHYSICAL UNIT

Standard for measurement of physical quantities that need clear definition to be useful.

International System of Units

SI UNIT Has been agreed internationally
 PHYSICAL QUANTITIES AND UNITS

BASE QUANTITY
BASE QUANTITY NAME OF SI UNIT
UNIT SYMBOL
meter
kilogram
second
ampere
kelvin
mole
Luminous intensity candela
 PHYSICAL QUANTITIES AND UNITS

DERIVED QUANTITY
PHYSICAL DEFINING SI UNIT SPECIAL
QUANTITY EQUATION NAME

Hz(hertz)
 PREFIX

PREFIX Multiple Prefix & abbreviation

can be added to SI 1012 Tera, T
DEFINITION

base & derived 109 Giga, G

units to make larger 106 Mega, M
or smaller units
103 Kilo, k
102 Hecto, h
Wavelength of an 10-1 Deci, d
EXAMPLE

X-ray 10-2 Centi, c

= 0.000 000 001 m 10-3 Milli, m
= 1 × 10−9 m 10-6 Micro, μ
= 1 nm
10-9 Nano, n
10-12 Pico, p
10-15 Femto, f
 UNIT CONVERSIONS

- Units can be expressed in the

same quantity.
- It is necessary to change
from one set of units to
another.
 EXAMPLE 1.1 SOLUTION

Express the speed limit of Knowing that

65 km/hour in terms of 1 km = 1000 m
meters/second. 1 hour = 3600 s
before after

65  10(30 ) 65 103

1 3600s 3600
 18.06 m s-1
 EXAMPLE 1.2 SOLUTION

Convert the following 1st step: Identify the SI Units

values to the SI Units:

a) 15 km h 1 a) km h-1 m s-1
3
b) 5 mm
b) mm3 m3
3
c) 7g cm
c) g cm-3 kg m-3
d) 30 C

d) C
o
K
 EXAMPLE 1.2 SOLUTION

Convert the following 2nd step: Convert the units

values to the SI Units:
1
a) km h-1 m s-1
a) 15 km h

b) 5 mm
3 15km m
h s
3
c) 7g cm
15 10 (before after )

d) 30 C 1 3600
( 3 0 )
15  10

1 3600
 4.17 m s-1
 EXAMPLE 1.2 SOLUTION

Convert the following

values to the SI Units:
9
b) 5 10 m 3

a) 15 km h 1
3
b) 5 mm
3
c) 7000 kg m
3
c) 7g cm
d) 303.15 K
d) 30 C
 FOLLOW UP EXERCISE

1. The largest diamond ever found had a size of 3106 carats.

One carat is equivalent to a mass of 0.200 g. Determine
the mass of this diamond in kg.
2. A hall bulletin board has an area of 2.5 m2. What is this
area in square centimeters (cm2)?
3. A football field is 110 m long and 90 m wide. What is the
area of the field kilometers ?
4. The density of metal mercury is 13.6 g/cm3. What is this
density as expressed in kg/m3?

  ANS:
SELF-CONSISTENT SYSTEMS IN
MEASUREMENT
SI System (Metric Key System)

cgs (Common Scientific System)

fps (American Engineering System)

Quantity SI cgs fps
length m cm ft
Mass kg g slug
Time s s s
Velocity m s-1 cm s-1 ft s-1
Acceleration m s-2 cm s-2 ft s-2
Force N dyne pdl
Energy J erg Ft-pdl
BTU
Cal
Power W erg s-1 hp
 EXAMPLE 1.3 SOLUTION

Convert mass = 1500 g to lbm. Step 1 : Find Equivalence relation:

(Converting cgs to fps)
453.592 g = 1 lbm

Step 2 : Use Ratio

453.592 = 1
1500 x
1500
x  3.31lbm
453.592
 FOLLOW UP EXERCISE

1. Convert 575 g to lbm

453.592 g = 1 lbm
2. Convert 100 lbm to kg
1 ft = 30.48 cm
3. Convert 6048 cm to ft
1 atm = 1.013 bar
4. Convert 33 atm to bar
1 h = 60 min
5. Convert 21.75 h to min
IMENSIONtechnique or method which physical quantity
can be expressed in terms of combination of
ANALYSISbasic quantities.
[Basic Quantity] Dimensional Unit
Symbol
[mass] or [m] M kg
[length] or [l] L m
[time] or [t] T s
[electric current] or A@I A
[I]
[temperature] or [T]  K
[amount of N mole
substance] or [N]
 LHS = RHS

PRINCIPLE OF HOMOGENEITY
 n l es s
e nsi o
d d im i s1
nt a n i on
n st a im e ns
- co d
u a n tity [ 2 3 ] = 1
o r
q = 1 , dd e d
[ n ] b e a
eg : n c a n ’t
e n s i o i s
- Dim ted u at i o n
t r a c e e q y
subs i t y o f t h
e d
b
v a li d m i n
- The deter
ONLY IMENT
R
EXPE
 EXAMPLE 1.4 SOLUTION

Determine a dimension and a.

the S.I. unit for the
 Velocity   changein displacement
following quantities:
 time interval
a. Velocity
b. Acceleration  v   s 
 t 
By using Dimension Analysis

L
 v    LT 1
T
The S.I. unit of velocity is m s1.
 EXAMPLE 1.4 SOLUTION

Determine a dimension and b.

 a   v 
the S.I. unit for the
following quantities:
 t 
a. Velocity LT 1
b. Acceleration
 a 
T
 a   LT  2
The S.I. unit of velocity is m s2.
 EXAMPLE 1.5 SOLUTION
Principle of Homogeneity :
Determine whether the LHS = RHS
l  l 
T  2π
g are dimensionally [T ]  2π 
 g
[T ]   2π  l   g   12
1
correct or not. 2

LHS;
[T ]  T
RHS;
1 1
 2π  l   g   12
1
2 2
2
 (1)( L) ( LT )
2

T
the equation above is
homogeneous or dimensionally
correct.
 FOLLOW UP EXERCISE

Determine Whether the following expressions are

dimensionally correct or not.

at 2 s, u, a and t represent the displacement,

a. s  ut  21where
initial velocity, acceleration and the time of an object
respectively.

b. v  u  2where
gs s, u, v and g represent the displacement,
initial velocity, final velocity and the gravitational
acceleration respectively.
 1.2 SCALARS AND VECTORS
(1 HOUR)
At the end of this chapter students should be able to:
a) Recall scalar and vector quantities
b) Perform graphically vector addition and subtraction
operations..
c) Resolve vector into two perpendicular components (x and
y axis)
d) Illustrate unit vectors iˆ, ˆj , kˆ in Cartesian coordinate.
e) State the physical
 meaning of dot (scalar) product;
A  B = A (B cos θ) = B (A cos θ)
f) State the physical
  meaning of cross(vector) product;
A  B = A (B sin θ) = B (A sin θ).
Direction of cross product is determined by corkscrew
method or right hand rule.
APPLICATION…
If you know the library is 5 m from you, it could
be anywhere on a circle of radius 5.0 m. Instead,
if you are told the library is 0.5 m northwest, you
knows it precise location.
DEFINITION OF SCALAR AND VECTOR QUANTITY

QUANTITY

SCALAR QUANTITY V ECTOR QUANTI TY

Magnitude Magnitude and direction

Mass, work, distance, speed Momentum, force, displacement, velocity

 REPRESENTING VECTOR

Symbol
 REPRESENTING VECTOR

A
Symbol
REPRESENTING VECTOR

Direction
REPRESENTING VECTOR

Magnitude
REPRESENTING VECTOR

Magnitude

|𝐴´ |
 
 EXPRESSION OF VECTOR

MULTIPLICA
EQUALITY NEGATIVE
TION

SUBSTRAC
ADDITION
TION
 EQUALITY OF VECTORS

same magnitude and point in

the same direction.
 NEGATIVE OF A VECTOR

same magnitude but points in

opposite direction.
 MULTIPLYING A VECTOR BY A SCALAR

 
A ×k =¿ A
 


if kA is positive;

direction same as A

if A is negative;

direction oppose as A
 UNIT VECTORS

UNIT
VECTORS
dimensionless
vector
magnitude = 1
iˆ  ˆj  kˆ  1
 VECTOR ADDITION

DRAWING/GRAPHICAL METHOD

TRIANGLE/ TAIL TO
PARALLELOGRAM
HEAD
 VECTOR ADDITION
 
For example : A  B
Parallelogram


 
A
B A B

O 
A
Triangle/ Tail to head
  
B A B

B
O 
A
 VECTOR ADDITION (TRIANGLE/ TAIL TO HEAD)

Draw vector A from

STEP 1
origin.

Draw vector B from tip

STEP 2
of first vector.

Draw resultant vector,

STEP 3 R from tail of A to tip of
B.
 VECTOR ADDITION (PARALLELOGRAM)

Resultant vector, R :
diagonal of a  parallelogram

formed with A & B as two
of its 4 sides.
 VECTOR SUBSTRACTION

DRAWING/GRAPHICAL METHOD

TRIANGLE/ TAIL TO
PARALLELOGRAM
HEAD
 VECTOR SUBSTRACTION

For example : 𝐶´ − 𝐷
  ´
Parallelogram

C O  
 CD
D

Triangle

D O   
 CD D
D
 FOLLOW UP EXERCISE

1. Vector A has a magnitude of 8.00 units and 45 above the

positive x axis. Vector B also has a magnitude of 8.00 units
and is directed along the negative x axis. Using graphical
methods and suitable scale to determine
   
a) A  B b) A B

c)   d)  
2A  B
A  2B
(Hint : use 1 cm = 2.00 units)
 RESOLVING VECTOR

 
RESOLVING
VECTOR
 
y

x
y

A
xx
 y

A
xx
 y

xx
 y

xx
A
y

xx
y

xx
A
 y

xx
 y

xx
A
 RESOLVING VECTOR


 F
Fy

x
0 
Fx
 RESOLVING VECTOR

 2.0 N
Fy
45
x
0 
Fx
 RESOLVING VECTOR

RY !
E T
 2.0 N N
O OM
Fy RI
T G
P P LY 45
A 0  x

Fx
 RESOLVING VECTOR

 
2.0 N Fx
Fy cos 45 
2 .0
45
x
0 
Fx
 RESOLVING VECTOR

 y
Fy
sin 45 
2 .0

 2.0 N
Fy
45
x
0 
Fx
MAGNITUDE OF VECTOR


3N F
 x
0
8N
 MAGNITUDE OF VECTOR

RE M
H E O
L Y T 
A S !
AP P
3 N F
G O R
H A 
0T
x
P Y 8N
DIRECTION OF RESULTANT VECTOR

y
Fy
tan θ 
Fx

 F
Fy

x
0 
Fx
WRITTEN RESULTANT VECTOR IN TERMS OF UNIT
VECTOR

  
F  Fx iˆ  Fy ˆj
 EG:


F  (655 N )iˆ  (459 N ) ˆj
 EXAMPLE 1.7 SOLUTION
A force of 800 N is exerted
on a bolt A as shown in Fig.
below. Determine the
horizontal and vertical
components of the force.
 EXAMPLE 1.7 SOLUTION
A force of 800 N is exerted
on a bolt A as shown in Fig.
below. Determine the
horizontal and vertical
components of the force.

The magnitude of each

components;

Fx 
cos 35  Fx  655 N
800

Fy 
sin 35  Fy  459 N
800
 EXAMPLE 1.7 SOLUTION
A force of 800 N is exerted
on a bolt A as shown in Fig.
below. Determine the
horizontal and vertical
components of the force.

Considering the direction of each

components;

Fx  655 N

Fy  459 N
 EXAMPLE 1.7 SOLUTION
A force of 800 N is exerted
on a bolt A as shown in Fig.
below. Determine the
horizontal and vertical
components of the force.

In the unit vector form;


F  (655 N )iˆ  (459 N ) ˆj
 y

A
B

xx R E
M O
AV E
O H
E D R S ?
I F W CTO
U T E V E
A B O O N
AT N
W H THA
 y
 Find magnitude of each
B
A components.
 Consider the direction of each
x components.
x  Put the values in the table.
 Find magnitude of resultant vector.
 Calculate direction of resultant
vector.

mdTMD
 EXAMPLE 1.8 SOLUTION
The magnitudes of the 3
displacement vectors shown
in drawing. Determine the
magnitude & directional
m agnitude of each components

Ax = 10 cos 45 = 7.07

angle for the resultant that
occurs when these vectors Bx = 5 cos 30 = 4.33
are added together.
Cx = 0

Ay = 10 sin 45 = 7.07
By = 5 sin 30 = 2.50
Cy = 8
 EXAMPLE 1.8 SOLUTION
The magnitudes of the 3
displacement vectors shown
in drawing. Determine the
magnitude & directional
d irection of each components

Ax = + 7.07
angle for the resultant that
occurs when these vectors Bx = - 4.33
are added together.
Cx = 0

Ay = + 7.07
By = + 2.50
Cy = - 8
 EXAMPLE 1.8 SOLUTION
The magnitudes of the 3
displacement vectors shown
in drawing. Determine the
magnitude & directional
T able

Vector
angle for the resultant that x-component y-component
occurs when these vectors
are added together. A + 7.07 + 7.07

B - 4.33 + 2.50

C 0 -8

ΣR + 2.74 m + 1.57 m
 EXAMPLE 1.8 SOLUTION
The magnitudes of the 3
displacement vectors shown
in drawing. Determine the
magnitude & directional
M agnitude of resultant vector

angle for the resultant that  2 2

occurs when these vectors R  Rx  Ry
are added together.
 (2.74)  (1.57)
2 2

 3.16 m
 EXAMPLE 1.8 SOLUTION
The magnitudes of the 3
displacement vectors shown
in drawing. Determine the
magnitude & directional
D irection of resultant vector


angle for the resultant that Ry
occurs when these vectors
tan   
are added together.
Rx
 1.57
  0.573
 2.74
  29.81
29.81 above  x axis
 EXAMPLE 1.8 SOLUTION
The magnitudes of the 3 y
displacement vectors shown
in drawing. Determine the
magnitude & directional R
angle for the resultant that 29.81°
x
occurs when these vectors
are added together.

Magnitude = 3.16 m

29.81 above  x axis

INLINE SKATE
 FOLLOW UP EXERCISE

1. Vector A has components Ax = 1.30 cm, Ay = 2.25 cm; vector

B has components Bx = 4.10 cm, By = -3.75 cm. Determine
 
a) the components of the vector sum  A B ,
b) the magnitude and direction of  A  B ,
c) the components of the vector B , A 
d) the magnitude and direction of B . A
ANS. : 5.40 cm, -1.50 cm; 5.60 cm, 345; 2.80 cm, -6.00 cm; 6.62 cm, 295
 
2. For the vectors A and B in figure 1.2, use the method of
vector resolution to determine the magnitude and direction of
  y
B 18.0 m s -1 
a) the vector sum A  B, 
 
b) the vector sum B  A,
 
A12.0 m s -1 

c) the vector difference A  B ,
  37.0 x
d) the vector difference B  A . 0 Figure 1.2
ANS. : 11.1 m s-1, 77.6; U think; 28.5 m s-1, 202; 28.5 m s-1, 22.2
 FOLLOW UP EXERCISE

3. Four forces act on bolt A shown. Determine the resultant of

the forces on the bolt .

Answer :
R = (199.1N )i + (14.3N)j
or R = 199.6 N at 4.1˚ above positive x axis.
 UNIT VECTORS

UNIT
VECTORS
dimensionless
vector

magnitude = 1
iˆ  ˆj  kˆ  1

 form of writing
r  rx iˆ  ry ˆj  rz kˆ
resultant magnitude
 rx    ry    rz 
2 2 2
r
 EXAMPLE 1.6 SOLUTION
Please write the vector S vector S in the term of unit
below in the term of unit vector:
vector and its magnitude. 

s  4iˆ  3 ˆj  2kˆ m 
y/m Magnitude of vector S:

3 s  4  2   3 2   2  2  5.39 m

s
x/m
2 0 4

z/m
 EXAMPLE 1.7 SOLUTION
  
Let : a  2iˆ  5 ˆj (a) a  b  (2iˆ  5 ˆj )  (5iˆ  3 ˆj )

b  5iˆ  3 ˆj  7iˆ  2 ˆj
   
Find : (a) a  b  (b) 2a  3b  2(2iˆ  5 ˆj )  3(5iˆ  3 ˆj )

(b) 2a  3b  4iˆ  10 ˆj  15iˆ  9 ˆj

(c) | 2a |
 11iˆ  19 ˆj
(c) To find the magnitude of

| 2a | , 1st we have to
calculate 2a

2a  2(2iˆ  5 ˆj )  4iˆ  10 ˆj

| 2a |  4 2  10 2
 10.77
 FOLLOW UP EXERCISE

1. Find the sum of two vectors A and B lying in the xy plane

and given by
 
A  (2.0iˆ  2.0 ˆj ) m and B  (2.0iˆ  4.0 ˆj ) m
2. A particle undergoes three consecutive displacements:

d 1  (15iˆ  30 ˆj  12kˆ) cm
 
d 2  (23iˆ  14 ˆj  5kˆ) cm and d 3  (13iˆ  15 ˆj ) cm

Find the components of the resultant displacement and its

magnitude.

ANS : (1) R  (4.0iˆ  2.0 ˆj ) m or R is 4.5 m at an angle 27 from - x
(2) Rx  25 cm; Ry  31 cm ; Rz  7.0 cm; R  40 cm
 MULTIPLICATION OF VECTORS

MULTIPLIC
SCALAR
VECTOR PRODUCT
ATION OF
VECTORS
PRODUCT
    
A  B | A | | B | cos 

SCALAR PRODUCT OR DOT

PRODUCT
   
A  B | A | | B | cos 

SCALAR QUANTITY
   
A  B | A | | B | cos 

 
EXAMPLE: W  F  s
 Magnitude of
vector B

   
A  B | A | | B | cos 

Angle between
Magnitude of vector A and B
vector A 0° ≤ θ ≤ 180°
 θ = 0°

   
A  B | A | | B | cos 

MAXIMUM VECTOR
 θ = 90°

   
A  B | A | | B | cos 

ZERO VECTOR
    
A  B | A | | B | cos 

COMMUTATIVE LAW APPLIED TO DOT PRODUCT

   
A B  B  A
  
A B
Multiplication component that parallel to each other

 
B B
 
 A  A
 
B cos  B cos 
 DOT PRODUCT CALCULATION

 
A B 
( Axiˆ  Ayˆj  Azkˆ )  ( Bxiˆ  Byˆj  Bzkˆ )

 
A  B  AxBx  AyBy  AzBz

NOTE:
iˆ  iˆ  ˆj  ˆj  kˆ  kˆ  (1)(1) cos 0  1
iˆ  ˆj  iˆ  kˆ  ˆj  kˆ  (1)(1) cos 90  0
 EXAMPLE 1.8 SOLUTION

Given 2 vectors : (a)


A  (3i  2 j  4k )  
 A  B  (3i  2 j  4k )  (5i  8 j  2k )
B  ( 5i  8 j  2k )
 (3)( 5)  (2)(8)  (4)( 2)
Calculate    
(a) the value of A  B A B  9
(b) the angle θ between 2
vectors
 EXAMPLE 1.8 SOLUTION
 
Given 2 vectors : (b) from : A  B  A B cos 

A  (3i  2 j  4k ) 
 | A | (3) 2  (2) 2  (4) 2  5.39
B  ( 5i  8 j  2k ) 
| B | (5) 2  (8) 2  (2) 2  9.64
Calculate  
(a) the value of A  B  
(b) the angle θ between 2 A B
cos  
vectors | A || B |
9

(5.39)(9.64)

  80.03
 Usage of Dot Product

To mow grass the effective force applied is parallel to

distance. The smaller the angle the easier to pull the
lawnmower.
  
| A  B || A | | B | sin 

VECTOR PRODUCT OR CROSS

PRODUCT
  
| A  B || A | | B | sin 

VECTOR QUANTITY
  
| A  B || A | | B | sin 

  
EXAMPLE: Fm  q v  B
 Magnitude of
vector B

 
| A  B || A | | B | sin 

Angle between
Magnitude of vector A and B
vector A 0° ≤ θ ≤ 180°
 θ = 90°

 
| A  B || A | | B | sin 

MAXIMUM VECTOR
 θ = 0°

 
| A  B || A | | B | sin 

ZERO VECTOR
  
| A  B || A | | B | sin 

COMMUTATIVE LAW APPLIED TO CROSS

PRODUCT
   
A  B  ( B  A)
  
| A B |

Multiplication component that perpendicular to each

other

 
B B sin  B B sin 
 
q A q A
  
DIRECTION OF VECTOR
CORKSCREW METHOD or RIGHT HAND RULE

1ST STEP


   C
A B  C
2ND STEP 
B

A
  Direction of the vector product always perpendicular to the
plane containing the vectors and .
 CROSS PRODUCT CALCULATION

iˆ ˆj kˆ
 
A  B  Ax Ay Az
Bx By Bz

=( - )iˆ - ( - )ĵ +( - )k̂

 [ AyBz  ByAz ] iˆ  [ AxBz  BxAz ] ˆj  [ AxBy  BxAy ] kˆ

NOTE: iˆ  iˆ  ˆj ˆ
j  kˆk ˆ  0

iˆ  ˆj  k ˆ ˆ ˆ
j  iˆ   k
ˆ
jk ˆ  iˆ kˆ ˆ j  iˆ
ˆ  iˆ  ˆ
k j iˆ  k   ˆ
j
 EXAMPLE 1.9 SOLUTION
 
Given 2 vector : (a) A  B  (3i  2 j  4k )  (5i  8 j  0k )

A  (3i  2 j  4k ) iˆ ˆj kˆ
  
B  (5i  8 j  0k ) A B  3 2  4
  5 8 0
Calculate : (a) A B
| A B |
(b)  [2(0)  8(4)] iˆ
 [3(0)  ( 5)(4)] ĵ
 [3(8)  ( 5)( 2)] k̂
 
A  B  32i  20 j  34k
 EXAMPLE 1.9 SOLUTION
 
Given 2 vector : (b) | A  B | 32 2  20 2  34 2

A  (3i  2 j  4k )  50.79

B  (5i  8 j  0k )
 
Calculate : (a) A B
(b) | A B |
 Usage of Cross Product

To screw a bolt its easier to pull perpendicularly downward

and by extending the range from the center of rotation.
 FOLLOW UP EXERCISE
 
1. If vector a = 3iˆ + 5 ˆj and vector b = 2iˆ,+ 4 ˆj determine

 
a) a  b , b)  ,
a b c) 
  .
a b b
ANS. : 2kˆ; 26; 46

2. Three vectors are given as follow :

 ˆ ˆ  ˆ
a  3i  3 j  2k ; b  i  4 j  2k and c  2i  2 ˆj  kˆ
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
Calculate

 

a) a  b  c , b) a  b  c
 
  
, c) a  b  c 
 .
ANS. :  21;  9; 5iˆ  11 ˆj  9kˆ
 
3. If vector P  3iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ and vector Q  2iˆ  4 ˆj  3kˆ .
Determine
 
a) P  Q
 
b) the angle between P and Q .
ANS. : 10iˆ  7 ˆj  16kˆ; 92.8
 FOLLOW UP EXERCISE

4. A force F  (iˆ  ˆj ) on an object. The displacement of
is 5acting 
the object is given by Find x  (10iˆ  ˆj )
(a) the work done by this force
(b) the angle between the force & the displacement.

. Given 2 vector
 as below : 
A  3iˆ  3 ˆj B  5iˆ  2 ˆj
Find the cross product of the two vector State its
magnitude & draw the vector diagram to shows
 
the direction of the new vector ( A  B ).
 THE
END…
Next
Chapter…
CHAPTER 2 :
Kinematics of
Linear Motion