9.

6 CORE REQUIREMENTS OF A
STRATEGY OF AGRICULTURAL AND
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
IMPROVING SMALL – SCALE AGRICULTURE
 Technology and Innovation
 Introduction of mechanized agriculture to replace
human labor
 It can cause labor scarcity and rural unemployment
 Importation of machinery requires large tracts of land

 Biological (hybrid seeds, and biotechnology), water

control (irrigation) and chemical ( fertilizer,
pesticides) innovation
INSTITUTIONAL AND PRICING POLICIES :
PROVIDING THE NECESSARY ECONOMIC
INCENTIVES
 The social institutions and government and
government economic policies that accompany
their introduction into rural economy are not
scale – neutral.
 New hybrid seeds require access to complementary
inputs such as irrigations, chemicals, insecticides
 Many governments in developing nations, in their
headlong pursuit of rapid industrial and urban
development, maintained low agricultural prices
in an attempt to provide cheap food for the urban
food sector
 There was no incentives in the farmers to expand
output or invest in new productivity – raising
technology because farm prices are so low
CONDITIONS FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT
 Land Reform
 Farm Structures and land tenure patterns must be
adapted to the dual objectives of increasing food
production and promoting a wider distribution of the
benefits of agrarian progress, allowing further
progress against poverty
SUPPORTIVE POLICIES

- The full benefits of small – scale agricultural

development cannot be realized unless
government support systems are created that
provide the necessary incentives, economic
opportunities, and access to needed credit and
inputs to enable small cultivators to expand their
output and raise their productivity
INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES

- Rural development, though dependent primarily

on small – farmer agricultural progress, implies
much more. It encompasses (a) efforts to raise both
farm and non and non- farm rural real incomes
through job creation, rural industrialization, and
other non-farm opportunities etc.
(b) decreasing inequality in the distribution of
rural incomes and lessening of urban – rural
imbalances and economic opportunities
 (c) successful attention to the need of
environmental sustainability
(d) capacity of rural sector to sustain and
accelerate the pace of these improvements over
time