Central Medical Gas System

VENKAT THEJA.B
IHMR-B/PGDHM2011-2013/51
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRADITIONAL
MEDICAL GAS DELIVERY SYTEM AND
CENTRAL MEDICAL SUPPLY
Introduction
Gases administered to the patients are called as
Medical Gases
Centralized medical gas system provides as efficient,
economical and dependable medical life support
network that supplies :
a. Medical gases (oxygen and nitrous oxide)
b. Vacuum (suction)
c. Compressed air for operating rooms and ICUs
Introduction
Centralized gas and vacuum supply service is a
modern system of piped supply of medical gases from
a central storage area called manifold room to all
delivery points in hospital
It provides a very efficient, economical and highly
dependable life support service
Makes better patient care in all the areas of hospital
CENTRAL MEDICAL GAS
SYSTEM
Functions
Supply of right medical gases at right pressure
Supply of compressed air at right pressure
Supply of clinical vacuum at right pressure
Proper planned maintenance of all equipments,
including distribution network
Optimum level of cleanliness and pollution free
environment
Prevention of hazards such as fire, explosion or
contamination of gases supplied
Components
Source of supply: Central supply room with control
equipments and panels
Distribution system: piping
Point of use delivery connections: Suitable station
outlet valves and pendants
Monitoring and control equipment and alarms
Manifold Room
Consists of a cylinder manifold and a control panel
Manifold can be of 2 banks of 2 cylinders each or 2
banks of 20 cylinders each
Control panel: primary and secondary pressure
regulators; warning lamp
Pressure gauges
Manifold Room
Vacuum Unit
Vacuum pump with an electric motor
Cylindrical reservoir tank: stabilizes the pressure of the
pipeline system at all outlet points
Motor has switch for automatic start and stop
Vacuum pumps are duplexed
Manifold Room
Compressed air unit
Compressor with electric motor, after cooler, air receiver
and air dryer
Instantly provides compressed air
Compressor are duplexed
Manifold Room
Primary supply
Secondary supply when primary supply is exhausted
Primary and secondary provides normal operating
supply
When operating supply fails, a reserve supply takes
over
Manifold Room
In case of breakdown of control panel of oxygen and
nitrous oxide, an emergency kit ensures supply of gas
through the pipes
Emergency kit comprises a regulator and high pressure
tubing to a bulk cylinder and the gas is fed directly to
the pipeline through a service outlet
In case the vacuum and air supply system fails, a
standby motor-cum-pump is used to provide
uninterrupted supply
Manifold Room
Half of the total daily consumption of oxygen and
nitrous oxide is kept in the manifold room as reserve
Oxygen and nitrous oxide should be stored seperately
from flammable gases and liquids
Storage location should be free of combustible
materials
If exceeding 2,000 cubic feet storage should be outside
the building
Must have generator backup, adequate ventilation,
lighting and telephone communication
Advantages of Centralized Medical
Gas System
For the patients
No distressing sight of oxygen cylinders at the bedside
Elimination of irritating noise from movement of
cylinders
Protection of contamination due to movement of
cylinders
Uninterrupted and clean supply at desired location
Advantages of Centralized Medical
Gas System
For Hospital Staff
Instant availability of gas on taps
Clean, safe and reliable delivery of gases
Continuous flow of gases when and where required
Minimal accident hazards due to mishandling of
cylinders
Advantages of Centralized Medical
Gas System
For Hospital Administrator
Easy purchase of gases in bulk quantities at favourable
terms
Economy on purchase of cylinders
Fewer breakages
Rationalization in ordering, storing and transporting a
wide variety and size of gas cylinders
Minimum damage to building due to handling of
cylinders
Oxygen
Increased demand of oxygen
May be supplied from a bulk tank or from cylinders
Can be stored as gas or liquid
Oxygen containers may be stationary or movable
Oxygen and Nitrous Oxide
Bulk oxygen system: assemblage of equipment such as
oxygen containers, pressure regulators, safety devices,
vaporizer, manifolds and interconnecting piping with a
storage capacity of more than 20,000 cu ft of oxygen
including reserves
The system terminates at the point where oxygen first
enters the supply line at service pressure
Vacuum
Used for patient draining, aspiration and suction
Also used in hospital laboratory
Distributed through network of pipes
Central vacuum supply system with control
equipments, an alarm and piping
The piping terminates with outlet valves at user points
Vacuum
Central vacuum consists of two (or more) vacuum
pumps that operate either simultaneously or alternately
Each pump should be capable of maintaining 75% of
calculated demand during peak time
The pumps should alternate automatically
Pumps should be equipped with a motor starting
device and overload protection
Failure of one vacuum should not affect other
OUTLETS COLOR CODING
Compressed Air
Compressed air is used for both medical and non-
medical puposes
Medical use – Laboratory work, inhalation therapy
equipment and powering of surgical tools
Non-medical use – maintain tools and equipments and
in engineering department
Compressed Air
Should be free of dust and moisture
Done by means of oil filters, dust filters, moisture
seperator and the dryer at equipment level
Separate dryer for air compressor system
If compressed air not used properly, it can damage
equipment and contaminate chemicals, food and drugs
Pipes
Should be seamless type, non-ferrous, non-arsenic, of
high quality copper tubing
Should be protected against physical damage and
corrosion
Exposed oxygen pipelines should not be installed in
areas like kitchen, laundry and rooms where
combustible materials are stored
Colour coded as per the gas content
Pipes
Before pipes are erected, all pipes, tubes and fittings
should be cleaned thoroughly and washed with
tetrachloride
Pipes should be blown clear using oil-free air or
nitrogen
When whole system is in place, it should be subjected
to a test pressure of 150 psi or 1 ½ times the working
pressure for 24 hours to check, if it can withstand the
pressure as well as leakages
This test, called pressure lock is done section by section
Terminal units
Gas outlets / vacuum inlet units
Connected to source equipment through the
distribution system
Located at actual usage point
Outlets should be gas specific and non-interchangeable
Fitted with locking system and non-return valves
Alarm system
Audio-visual
Monitoring of pressure
Meant to warn maintenance dept
Location and space
Ground floor in rear part
Near maintenance area
Seperate enclosure for full cylinders, empty cylinders,
compressed air, vacuum supply
No fire hazard
Compresor unit in sound proof area
Liquid oxygen area shall be cordoned off
Centralized Medical Gas System
Staffing
No specific norms
Total 6 technicians (including supervisors and 25%
leave relief)
Under chief engineer
Quality Indicators
Number of complaints of malfunctioning, from the
users
Correctness of pressure level in the oxygen, nitrous
oxide and compressed air pipeline
Correctness of negative pressure in the vacuum line
Bacteriological culture of the gases and the air
delivered
Leakage at the outlet points
Functioning of audio-visual alarm system
Thank You