IT Essentials

Computer

Hardware Software
 Computer Hardware

• The term hardware refers to the physical components of your

computer such as the system unit, mouse, monitor etc.

Keyboard
Monitor

Mouse

System Unit(Case)
 Software

• The term software refers to the set of

instructions that directs the hardware to
accomplish a task.
IT Concepts
FIRST: HARDWARE
Computer Hardware

• CPU

Processing

Input Output

• Keyboard • Monitor
• Mouse • Printer
Storage

Permanent Temporary

• Hard Disk Drive HDD • RAM

• CD/ DVD
The CPU

• CPU stands for Central Processing Unit

• Processor
The CPU

• CPU speed measured by Hertz

• Hertz(Hz)= Cycle per second
• Giga Hertz (GHz)= Billion cycle per second
CPU Manufactures

CPU

Intel AMD
Computer Inside
The CPU
Computer Language!
 Storage Devices

Storage Devices

Permanent Temporary

HDD RAM
CPU
RAM
RAM

• RAM stands for Random Access Memory

• RAM is a Volatile memory
Measurement Of Storage Capacity

0/1
bit

bits 8 =
Byte(B)

Byte 1024 =
Kilobyte(KB)

KB 1024 =
Megabyte(MB)

MB 1024 =
Gigabyte(GB)

GB 1024 =
Terabyte(TB)
Permanent Storage Media

• Internal hard disks

• External hard disks
• CDs
• DVDs
• USB flash drives (memory sticks)
• Memory cards
• Network drives and on-line
file storage
• Floppy disks (diskettes)
Output Devices

• Traditional computer monitor

• Flat screen computer screens
• Projection devices
• Speakers and headphones
• Printers