Introduction to ICT

Dr. Sohaib Ali

Room 242, 2nd floor, CS dept., CIIT
Student Hours: Wed, Fri 11:30-12:30
Introduction to ICT

https://drive.google.com/open?id=1fg7vEJZPA9ReX59chA1CaFTBR3lMiRo6
Course Assessment
Policy
 Attendance Policy: Every student must attend 80% of the lectures delivered in this
course and 80% of the practical/laboratory work prescribed for the respective courses.
The students falling short of required percentage of attendance of
lectures/seminars/practical/laboratory work, etc., shall not be allowed to appear in
the terminal examination of this course and shall be treated as having failed this
course.
 Grading Policy: The minimum pass marks for each course shall be 50%. Students
obtaining less than 50% marks in any course shall be deemed to have failed in that
course. The correspondence between letter grades, credit points, and percentage
marks at CIIT shall be as follows:
Course Outline and Contents
Course Outline and Contents
Course Outline and Contents
Course Outline and Contents
ICT?

 Information and Communication Technology

Information
Technology

Computer Communication
Technology Technology
ICT? store, study, transmit, receive and manipulate data

Information
Technology

Computer Communication
Technology Technology

How different devices store, study, How different devices communicate?

and manipulate data? (transmit, receive data)
A Computer?
 A computer is a programmable, multiuse machine (hardware+software)
that accepts data—raw facts and figures—and processes, or manipulates, it
into information we can use, such as summaries, totals, or reports.

computer
data Information

 Data: Unproductive, futile, useless information

 Information: Productive, Fruitful and Useful data

 Example: Information Retrieval System

 what about a washing machine?
data or information?
 Data and information are defined in relative terms

Image retrieval system

sohaib ali syed

Input Word / Data:

Non-productive, futile,
useless information
Output Image / Information:
Productive, Fruitful and
Useful data
data or information?
 Data and information are defined in relative terms

Output: computer generated

Image captioning system captions / Information:

“Sohaib is sitting on a chair eagerly

waiting for his pizza”

Productive, Fruitful and

Useful data

Input Image / Data:

Non-productive, futile,
useless information
Computers & Communications
 Communications technology , also called telecommunications technology ,
consists of electromagnetic devices and systems for communicating over
long distances. The principal examples are telephone, radio, broadcast
television, and cable TV. In more recent times, there has been the addition of
communication among computers—which is what happens when people “go
online” on the internet. In this context, online means using a computer or
some other information device, connected through a network, to access
information and services from another computer or information device.

 A network is a communications system connecting two or more computers;

the internet is the largest such network.
Information Processing Cycle
Computer System:

Central Processing Unit

CPU

Input Devices: Output Devices:

Mouse, Keyboard Monitor, LED screen

User
Storage Devices:
Hard disk, USB Flash Drive,
RAM etc
Computers for Individuals

 Desktop Computers
 Workstations (More computation Power than Desktops, Costly as well)
 Notebooks/Laptops (for remote use)
 Tablets (Lighter than Notebooks)
 Handheld devices (smaller than a tablet but bulkier than smartphone.
Specialized for a single program. High battery life)
 Smartphones
 Programmable chips (FPGAs, DSP kit, Raspberry Pi)
 Computers for Organizations
 Network Server: Individual users have their own
desktop computers, which are connected to one or
more centralized computers, called network
servers. A powerful personal computer with special
software and equipment that enable it to function
as, the primary computer in the network.

 Mainframe Computers: Mainframes are large,

powerful systems. The largest mainframes can
handle the processing needs of thousands of users at
any given moment.
Computers for Organizations
 Super Computers: A supercomputer is a very powerful computer. It is used for
carrying out calculations at a very fast rate.

 Super Computer vs Mainframe: A supercomputer is a powerful computer which is

used for processing data at fastest possible speed. A mainframe is a large computer
which is used for calculations dealing with a huge amount of data. Thus, the primary
focus of a supercomputer is speed, whereas for a mainframe it is to deal with
extensive amount of data. Mainframe computers are not as powerful as
supercomputers.