(First Language) How about your L2? (Second Language) Still, some of us acquire an L3. (Third Language) But can you imagine anyone acquiring an L20? Dr. Jose P. Rizal • Spoke over 20 languages • Not only a hero and political martyr • Many-splendored genius • A man with many talents RIZAL: A MANY- SPLENDORED GENIUS • PHYSICIAN He treated several patients afflicted not only with eye diseases. • OPHTHALMOLOGIST He graduated in an ophthalmologic college in Spain. Rizal treating his mother’s eyes RIZAL: A MANY- SPLENDORED GENIUS • POET Rizal wrote over 35 poems including his famous Ultimo Adios. • HISTORIAN His annotation of Antonio de Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas entitled him as one. RIZAL: A MANY- SPLENDORED GENIUS • FARMER-BUSINESSMAN He had a partner in Dapitan in the Abaca business there (1892-1896). • SCULPTOR His works of his father and of Father Guerrico, S. J. typified his sculptural ability. “The Triumph of Science Over Death,” Rizal’s most well-known sculpture RIZAL: A MANY- SPLENDORED GENIUS • CARTOGRAPHER He drew maps of Dapitan, The Philippines and other places he visited. • BIBLIOPHILE He had a big library and brought many books abroad. RIZAL: A MANY- SPLENDORED GENIUS • PHILOLOGIST Rizal loved of learning and literature is unequalled. • PHILOSOPHER Rizal not only loved wisdom but also regulated his life and enjoyed calmness of the life at all times. RIZAL: A MANY- SPLENDORED GENIUS • HUMORIST There are many humorous incidents in the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo. • TRAVELER He traveled around the world three times. Rizal drinking with his friends RIZAL: A MANY- SPLENDORED GENIUS • SPORTSMAN He fenced with Europeans and Juan Luna and other friends in Europe. He played chess and bear several Germans and European friends and acquaintances. He could shoot a target 20 meters away. Rizal fencing with Juan Luna And the list goes on and on… BIRTH OF A HERO • He was born on June 19, 1861, between eleven and twelve in the evening in Calamba, Laguna. • Rizal was baptized by Fr. Rufino Collantes on June 22, 1861, while Fr. Pedro Casanas stood as Rizal’s godfather. • The delivery was exceedingly difficult and the mother almost died. Her seemingly miraculous survival was attributed to Our Lady of Peace and Good Voyage. BIRTH OF A HERO • He was named “Jose” by his pious mother, in honor of St. Joseph. • His full name is Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonzo Realonda. RIZAL’S BIG HEAD?
One of Rizal’s most Rizal as a young man
famous photos The 11-year old Rizal RIZAL’S GENEALOGY
Genealogy – study of ancestry and family histories.
An expert in this field is called genealogist. CHINESE ANCESTRY (Domingo Lam-Co) • Rizal’s paternal ancestor, Lam-Co, was a native of the Chinchew district in China. • He was baptized in the Parian Church of San Gabriel on a Sunday in June 1697. • Siang-co and Zun-nio was the name of his parents. • Lam Co took the name Domingo, the Spanish term for Sunday. • He was married to Inez dela Rosa, who was half of his age. CHINESE ANCESTRY (Inez dela Rosa) • Her father was Agustin Chinco, also a Chinese chinchew and married to Jacinta Rafaela, a Chinese meztiso in Parian. • They have six children named Magdalena Vergara, Josepha, Cristoval de la Trinidad, Juan Batista, Francisco Hong-Sun, Inez dela Rosa. MERCADO CLAN • Domingo Lamco – Rizal’s great-great-grandfather – A Chinese immigrant from Chiangchow – Arrived in Manila in about 1690 – Was baptized, married Ines dela Rosa – Took the surname “Mercado” in 1731 PATERNAL SIDE • Francisco Mercado – Son of Domingo and Ines – Rizal’s great-grandfather – Married Cirila Bernacha – Resided in Biñan, Laguna – Was elected gobernadorcillo of Biñan PATERNAL SIDE • Juan Mercado – Son of Francisco and Cirila – Rizal’s grandfather – Married Cirila Alejandro – Was also elected gobernadorcillo of Biñan – Had thirteen children PATERNAL SIDE • Francisco Mercado – Youngest son of Juan and Cirila – Rizal’s father – Lost his father at the age of 8 – Married Teodora – Settled in Calamba, Laguna – Engaged in farming and business ALONZO CLAN • Lakandula – last king of Tondo • Eugenio Ursua – Teodora’s great-grandfather – Was of Japanese ancestry – Married to Benigna (a Filipina) MATERNAL SIDE • Regina Ursua – Daughter of Eugenio and Benigna – Married Atty. Manuel de Quintos • Brigida de Quintos – Daughter of Regina and Atty. Quintos – Married Alberto Alonso – Had five children RIZAL’S FAMILY Francisco Mercado Rizal • Youngest son of Juan and Cirila • Rizal’s father • Lost his father at the age of 8 • Married Teodora • Settled in Calamba, Laguna • Died on January 5, 1898 at the age of 80 Francisco Mercado Rizal • Rizal’s father • Born on May 11, 1818 • Studied Latin and Philosophy at the College of San Jose • Became a tenant in Calamba PATERNAL SIDE – The name Francisco was a name held in high honor in Laguna for it had belonged to a famous sea captain who had been given the Encomienda of Bay for his services and had won the regard of those who paid tribute to him by his fairness and interests in their welfare. Austin Craig Teodora Alonso Realonda • Rizal’s mother • Born on November 8, 1826 • Studied at the College of Santa Rosa • Died on August 16, 1911 at the age of 84 Teodora Alonso Realonda • One of the most highly educated women in the Philippines. • A gifted woman with insights into literature, arts, music, and other forms of Philippine culture. • A fine mathematician, gourmet cook, interior decorator, and collector of fine books. The Siblings Saturnina (1850 – 1913) “Neneng” • Eldest of the Rizal children and married to Manuel Timoteo Hidalgo of Tanauan, Batangas. • Have 5 children. • She published Pascual H. Poblete’s translation of the Noli Me Tangere Paciano (1851 – 1930) • 79 years old and was the oldest boy in the family. • He joined the revolutionary army and rose to the rank of Major General. • He learned English through self- study and his favorite periodical was Philippine free Press. • He was with Severina Decena Narcisa (1852 – 1939) “Sisa” • Married to Antonio Lopez, a schoolmaster from Morong. • It is said that Sisa could recite from memory all the poems of Rizal. • Her son Leoncio, a physician and professor at the College of Medicine, UST. Olympia (1855 – 1887) “Ypia” • Married to Silvestre Ubaldo, a telegraph operator in Manila. • Died in 1887 from childbirth • Her son Aristeo, a retired physician and professor at the Philippine General Hospital and the College of Medicine, UP. Lucia (1857 – 1919) • Married to Mariano Herbosa of Calamba, a farmer and nephew of Fr. Pedro Casanas. • Mariano died of cholera in 1889 and was denied a Christian burial, because he was a brother-in-law of Jose Rizal. • One of the daughter Delfina who helped Mrs. Marcela Agoncillo make the first Filipino flag in Hongkong. Maria (1859 – 1945) “Biang” • Married Daniel Faustino Cruz of Binan, Laguna. • Mauricio was one of the children of Maria and Faustino who killed by the Japanese in 1945. • Gemma Cruz, the first Filipina to bring home an international beauty title is a descendant family of Rizal. Jose (1861 – 1896) “Pepe” • Second son and seventh child. • He became the national hero. • He married to Josephine Bracken, a pretty Irish from Hongkong. Concepcion (1862 – 1865) “Concha”
• She died at the age of three.
Josefa (1865 – 1945) “Panggoy”
• Epileptic • Died a spinster Trinidad (1868 – 1951) “Trining”
• She did not marry.
• The last of the family died at the age of 83. Soledad (1870 – 1929) “Choleng” • She married to Pantaleon Quintero of Calamba. • She studied at La Concordia College where she and Leonor Rivera were classmates. • One of the five children of Soledad and Pantaleon is Amelia, married to Bernabe Malvar, son of General Miguel Malvar THE RIZAL SURNAME • In 1731, Domingo Lamco adopted the surname “Mercado” (market) • In 1849, Gov. Gen. Claveria ordered all Filipinos to adopt Spanish surnames • Francisco adopted the surname “Rizal” • Was suggested by the provincial governor, who was a family friend THE RIZAL SURNAME • Originally “Ricial” • In Spanish, it means “green fields” • Prophetic according to Leon Ma. Guerrero: “a field where wheat, cut while still in green, sprouts again.” • Only Jose used the surname Rizal until 1891 THE RIZAL FAMILY: A GOOD AND MIDDLE CLASS FAMILY A MIDDLE CLASS FAMILY • The Rizal family belonged to the principalia • Had a large stone house • Owned a carjuahe (carriage) • Had a private library with more than 1,000 books • Sent their children to colleges in Manila THE RIZAL HOUSE • A two-storey building • Built of adobe stones and hard woods • Roofed with red tiles The rebuilt Rizal house Let’s have a field trip! The famous landmark of Calamba, the gigantic jar which has all the Calamba towns written on its surface. The back of the Rizal house, then and now. The grand staircase that leads to the main hall of the house The original karwahe (carriage) of the Rizal family, still intact after all these years. Unfortunately, the horse died many many years ago. The living room The comida or the dining room The main dining room The platera The cocina or kitchen Jose Rizal's bedroom. The family well located at the back of the house A most important seat in the house A replica of Pepe’s little nipa playhouse HOME LIFE OF THE RIZALS • The Rizal family had a simple, contented and happy life • Believed in the maxim “Spare the rod and spoil the child” • Everyday, the family heard Mass • Prayed together the Rosary and Angelus daily Thank you for listening!