JOINT AND SPLICING OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS

BASED ON PEC REQUIREMENT

The Philippine Electrical Code (PEC) relative to Electrical Joints and Splices specifies that the
conductors must be joined or spliced as to be both Mechanically and Electrically secured prior to
Soldering.
Good conductors are usually made from substance of very low resistance. The following
materials are commonly used as electrical wires and arranged according to the order of
conductivity.

SILVER- used for plating contact points to minimize sparkling. The best conductor among
the materials.
COPPER- second best conductor, commonly used in electrical jobs because it is cheaper than
silver.
ALUMINUM- cheaper than the copper, used in transmission line and service conductors.
ZINC- used in manufacturing cells, fuses and the like.
BRASS- alloy of zinc and copper, used as conductor where oscillating action is needed.
PLATINUM- used for making conductor points.
TIN- combined with lead for soldering.
NICKEL- used in electro platiny and nickel cadnium cells.
LEAD- used for making fuses and solders.
 THE MOST COMMON JOINTS AND SPLICES APPLIED IN ELECTRICAL JOBS:

1. WESTERN UNION (Short or Long Tie) – used principally in solid conductors, it is used to joint
lengthwise short splices of wire.

2. PIG TIL JOINTS- used when conductors are joined together in a junction box.

3. TAP OR TEE JOINTS- used to connect one wire through a continuous run to another wire.
4. KNOTTED OR LOPP TAP JOINTS- is similar in use to that of the tap joint.

5. ORDINARY CROSS JOINTS- used for connecting two conductors at the same opening on a
continuous run of another wire.

6. DOUBLE CROSS JOINTS- is used like the ordinary cross joints but it is much stronger.
7. WRAPPED TAP JOINTS- used on wires too large (#8 AWG or larger) to wrap around the run
wire.

8. DUPLEX JOINTS- is used in conduit system which used two wires cable system. It is also
applicable to flat cord cables.

9. BRITANIA JOINTS- is sometimes used in overhead lines where considerable tensile strength of
solid wire (#6 AWG or Larger) is required.
10. BACK TURN JOINT OR THROUGH FIXTURES JOINT- is useful when connecting two wires that
must be drawn tightly.

11. SCARF JOINTS- is utilized for joining large solid wire, when the over all diameter of the joint
must not exceed the diameter of the wire.

12. SINGLE WRAPPED CABLE SPLICE – used in joining stranded cable of #6 AWG or larger.
13. MULTIPLE WRAPPED CABLE SPLICE- used in the same case as of the single wrapped splices.

14. MULTIPLE WRAPPED CABLE TAP- used in joining the tap cable on the through cable.

15. SPLIT CABLE TAP- is employed similar to the multiple wrapped cable tap.
16. UNDER WRITERS KNOT- this is made at the attachment plug of lamp longing socket tossette
and similar devices so that the strain of the flexible cord shall not be directly
on the scans (terminal screws).

17. TERMINAL FIXTURE JOINTS- used when joining the strands fixtures wire to solid wire.

18. WYE SPLICED – usually used in joining the tap cables on the run or same run cables.
19. CROSS WRAPPED JOINT-

20. EYE SPLICE- is the best method of creating a permanent loop in the end of multi stranded
rope by means of rope splicing