CREATIVITY & ENTREPRENEURSHIP

 Creativity
 Characteristics of a Creative Person
 Organizational Actions for Enhancing Creativity
 Hindrances of Creative Expression
 An Entrepreneur and a Creative Person Comparison
 What is Creativity?
 Generally, creativity is an attribute or ability of a person to
innovate something new for the society.
 Creativity as the ability to bring something new into existence
(Webster 1976) .
 A product or response will be judged creative to the extent that is
a novel, appropriate, useful, correct, or valuable in response to
the task at hand; and the test is heuristic (Problem solving by
experimental & especially trial & error method) rather than
algorithmic (a step by step procedure for solving a problem)
(Amabile 1983).
 Creativity is intimately linked to the idea of change (Kao 1989) .
 Every act of creation is, first of all, an act of destruction in this
regard (Pablo Picasso ).

So, creativity can be described as an ability to create or invent

something new in the society for the welfare of human being.
 Attributes or Characteristics of a Creative Person
Roe (1963) Raudsepp (1983)
 Openness to experience  Sensitivity to problems

 Observance - ability to see things in  Fluency-ability to

unusual ways generate a

 Curiosity  large number of ideas

 Acceptance and reconciliation of  Flexibility

apparent opposites  Originality

 Tolerance of ambiguity  Responses to unconscious
 Independence in judgment, thought,  phenomenon
& action  Motivation
 Need for autonomy  Freedom from fear of
 Self reliance failure
 Not being subject to group standards  The ability to concentrate
& control  Ability to visualize ideas
 Willingness to calculated risks  Selectivity
 Persistence
 Organizational Actions for Enhancing Creativity
 Create an open, decentralized organizational structure
 Support a culture, which provides leverage for creative experimentation
 Encourage experimental attitude
 Circulate success stories
 Emphasis the role of champion
 Provide the freedom to fail
 Stress effective communication at all levels
 Make resources available for new initiatives
 Ensure that new ideas are not easily killed
 Remove bureaucracy from the resource allocation process
 Provide appropriate financial and non-financial rewards for success
 Ensure a corporate culture, which supports risk taking and questions
 Minimize administrative influence
 Provide freedom of surveillance and evaluation
 Loosen deadlines
 Delegate responsibility for initiating new activity
 Hindrances or Barriers of Creative Expression
 Emphasize bureaucratic structures and attitudes
 Tradition and culture
 Stress the importance of standard operating process
 Suppress suitable role models for creative expansion
 Minimize the availability of need resources
 Ensure poor communication, which blocks the flow of ideas
 Have tight control systems, which eliminate slack required for unofficial
initiatives
 Enforce strict penalties for failure
 Omit rewards for success
 Emphasize values, which inhibit risk taking and questioning
 Reinforce the expectation of external evaluation
 Carry out surveillance of creativity activity
 Emphasize tight deadlines
 Prefer specialization
 Emphasize authority over responsibility
 An Entrepreneur & a Creative Person
Commonalities Differences
 self-confidence risk taking
 perseverance dynamism & leadership
 determination versatility, knowledge of product,
 energy market, machinery & technology
 diligence ability to get along with people

 resourcefulness responses to suggestions & criticism

 achievement motivation
 orientation
 creativity
 flexibility
 independence
 perceptions, etc.
Other related characteristics
 initiative taking ability
 positive responses to changes
 foresightedness
 optimism & enthusiasm, etc.