CLIMATE & ARCHITECTURE

STUDY OF TYPICAL TRADITIONAL

SHELTER IN INDIA

Submitted by
Chinmay Tirthakar
Sem. – III
Section – A
PIADS, Nagpur
LOCATION – JAIPUR, RAJASTHAN
 Jaipur is the largest city
and Capital of state
Rajasthan.
 It is situated in the east-
central part of the state.
 Jaipur, popularly known
as Pink City is one of the
hottest place in India.
NATURE OF CLIMATE
 Jaipur has Hot & Dry climate
with very high day time
temperature.
 It has high diurnal
temperature variation.
 Due to high intensity off sun
rays, humidity & precipitation
is low.
 In such climate generally the
sky is clear and sometimes
dust storms arrives.
 Solar radiation are direct and
strong during day time.
PHYSIOLOGICAL OBJECTIVES
 Proper orientation of
Building, to minimize the
sun exposure in summer.
 Compact planning to
reduce surface area of heat
gain.
 Proper ventilation for air
movement.
 Shading in required spaces.

 Proper selection of
Building materials.
FORM & LAYOUT
 Buildings in Jaipur are oriented
in such a way that they receive
more sunlight in winter and less
sunlight in summer.
 Mostly compact planning is
done so less amount of heat is
gained by building surface.
 Large walls with Windows are
facing south side so that the
minimum sunlight will entre in
summer. Homes and office buildings are densely
 Mostly bedrooms are placed on packed into an area of Jaipur, India.
the centre part of the house to
keep it cool through out the
year.
FORM & LAYOUT
 The rooms which are used
less are placed attached to
outer wall.
 The planning was in such a
way that in most part of the
Streets a very less amount
of sunlight was falling due
to tall haweli and buildings
.
 Most of the traditional
houses were having sloping
roof to avoid sunrays.
Common Type of Zoning done in Jaipur, Rajasthan
WALLS AND ROOFS
 For Insulation purpose generally
thick walls are used. Insulation
helps in keeping the house cooler
in summer and warmer in winter.
 East and West side walls should
have proper shading as it have
maximum exposure to sun. They
can also be shaded by trees and
screens.
 Walls are painted with light color
like pink, yellow etc., which helps
in reflecting the sun radiation and
heat.
 In most of the houses cavity walls
are use which also has same
function of insulation.
WALLS AND ROOFS
 Roofs are sloping in windward
direction it also contributes in
shading.
 Mostly Materials used for roof
are concrete or clay which do
not get hot in summer.
 Also the concrete is better heat
reflector and insulator. Thus
concrete roof will keep house
cooler in summer and warmer
in winter.
 Some house were also having
flat roof which is good reflector
of heat.
OPENINGS
 Openings are required for
natural light and
ventilation.
 Large openings are
provided in windward
direction in order to allow
maximum cross
ventilation.
 Large windows are
provided in north direction
as compared to other
direction to receive less
sunlight throughout year.
OPENINGS
 Windows are shaded
either by shading device
or deciduous trees.
 The windows on east and
west side were small in
size to minimize heat
gain in the building
 Outlets were at higher
level than inlets for
proper air movement
VENTILATION AND AIR FLOW
 The courtyard is provided
with water and plants and
acts as source of cooling.
 The courtyard is provided at
the centre of the house which
is connected to every part of
the house.
 Internal courtyard provides
natural cooling and cross
ventilation.
 Most of the openings are
provided to the internal
courtyard than outside
VENTILATION AND AIR FLOW
 Outlets were at higher level than
inlets for proper air movement. As
ventilators at higher. This is also
known as stack effect..
 Openings and ventilation should
be in relation to coming breezes.
As air movement is most
important element in passive
cooling.
 Light weight roof also contributes
in cooling of house.
 Evaporation is an important
element which has a massive
effect on cooling by means of
ponds, pools near house.
SOURCE
 www.archinomy.com
 www.lafergeholcim.com

 Wikipedia THANK
 https://theconstructor.org

 Class Notes
YOU