Course Code: 8604

Unit 8

Farqan Waheed
M.Phil education
We will learn today about:
 Importance and Advantages of research
proposal
• Review of Literature
 Format of the research proposal
• Methodology
 Preliminary Pages • Population, Sampling and
Sampling technique
 Title • Instrumentation
 Introduction/Background • Legal & Ethical Considerations
 Problem Statement • Budget & Time management
• Bibliography
 Purpose/Aims/Rationale • Appendices
 Research Objectives
 Research Questions
 Delimitation of the study
 Operational definitions
Preliminary Pages
CERTIFICATION

DECLARATION

PLAGIARISM UNDERTAKING

CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ABSTRACT
 Format
Title
Introduction/Background
Problem Statement
Purpose/Aims/Rationale
Research Objectives
Research Questions
Delimitation of the study
Operational definitions
Review of Literature
Methodology
Population, Sampling and Sampling technique
Instrumentation
Legal & Ethical Considerations
Budget & Time management
Bibliography
Appendices
 Title
• The title summarizes the main idea or ideas of
your study.
• A good title contains the fewest possible words
that adequately describe the contents and/or
purpose of your research paper.
• The title is without doubt the part of a paper that
is read the most, and it is usually read first.
• It should be clear.
• It should be according to your area of research.
• It should be consisted on both depended and
independent variables.
Introduction/Background
Addressing What and Why?
It is should be both brief and catchy
What? Background.
In this section, you should give a more
detailed overview of the problem.
Why? Importance
Trends
Curiosity
 Problem Statement
Answer the question: “What is the gap that
needs to be filled?” and/or “What is the
problem that needs to be solved?”
State the problem clearly early in a
paragraph.
Limit the variables you address in stating
your problem or question.
Consider framing the problem as a
question.
 Purpose/Aims/Rationale
“What is the problem that needs to be
solved?”
“What is the gap that needs to be filled?
Research Objectives
Objectives are statements of what you intend to
do to find the answer to your research question/s
through your methodology.

Explain the goals and research objectives of the

study.
Show the original contributions of your study.
Include a rationale for the study.
Be clear about what your study will not
address.
Objectives should be
The stated objectives should be SMART
Specific,
Measurable,
Assignable,
Realistic and
Time-related
Research Questions
Research questions ask what relationships
exist between the different variables in the
study.
Delimitation of the Study
For example

The study will be delimited to the

Universities having Quality Enhancement
Cell.
Operational Definitions
Research Proposal is an attentive plan of
study which is prepared before the study
began
Quality means through a university can
guarantee with certainty and confidence
that the…………...
 Review of Literature

• The Literature Review provides the

background for the research problem and
illustrates to the reader that the researcher
is knowledgeable about the scope of the
theory.
• Research as many studies pertaining to the
theory as possible, and summarize them in
a succinct manner.
 Methodology
Introduce the overall methodological approach.
Indicate how the approach fits the overall
research design.
Describe the specific methods of data collection.
Explain how you intend to analyze and interpret
your results (e.g. statistical analysis)
If necessary, provide background and rationale
for unfamiliar methodologies.
Population & Sample
This section should include an expanded
discussion of the sample. First, discuss the
population under consideration. From
where will participants be selected?

Sampling Method
Instrumentation
Survey,
Observations
Test,
Scales
Questionnaire, etc

Also ensure its validity and reliability

 Legal & Ethical Considerations
The research problem under consideration
is neither legally unlawful nor ethically
harm for anybody.
Any other legal or ethical considerations
will be tread and the proposal will be
modified as per the expected terms and
conditions by data agencies.
Budget & Time Management
The most critical thing will be the time
management for each task after the
approval the time.
Consult your advisor.
Be aware of important dates for
submitting and defending dissertations.
Do not be overly ambitious.
Bibliography
All references and bibliography should be
according to APA style.
 Appendices
 Any document attached at the end of the proposal
Research Proposal Sample
Here is a sample of research proposal, I am
uploading.
Assignment
Develop a research proposal by keeping
this format.
It is only for your improvement.