Design Example of stair case

Presented By:
Muhammad Haroon
09-SCET-CE-21

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SWEDISH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
AND TECHNOLOGY
WAH CANTT
STAIR CASE
•A stairs is provided for vertical access between various
floors of building. It is located in a room known as
staircase. The stair should be centrally located in a building
to provide easy access to all rooms. Stairs may be
constructed of timber, brick, stones, steel or RCC
TYPES OF STAIRCASE

Straight stair

These stairs run straight

between two floors and
are used for small
houses where available
width is less.
 Quarter turn stair

•In this change in

direction either to the left
or to right is provided by
a quarter space landing
•Quarter turn provided at
beginning and end of
each flight.
Half turn stair

•These stairs are common

in residential and public
building.
•These are having
direction reversed or
changed by 180 degree.
Dog legged stair

•Newel post are

provided at the
beginning and end of
each flight.
•There is no space
between two flights.
 Requirements of good stairs

Location: stairs should be located such that it is easily

accessible from different rooms and is well lighted and
ventilated.
Length of flight: Number of steps in any flight should
not be less than 3 and more than 12.
Head room: it should not be less than 6ft
Width of stair: stairs should be wide enough to avoid
inconvenience of user. For domestic buildings minimum
width of stair is 3-4ft for public building 4-5ft
Pitch of stair: it should be between 30&45.
 Design of Staircase
Types: There are two types of stair design, classified on
the direction of span:
1. Transverse: The steps may be supported on both sides,
or may be cantilevered from an adjacent wall.
2. Longitudinal: The stair flight spans onto landings or
beams at either end of the stair flight.
Some empirical rules for dimensioning of rise and tread
Rise +Run= 17 in
2xRise+run=25in
Risexrun=75in2
Rise should be greater than 4in and less than 8 in
Run varies between 9in to 12 in
 Solution
• Step 1: Calculate loads:
Assume the thickness of the slab 8”
Weight of one step=
=Trapezoidal area x density of concrete
=(9.5+16.5/2x12)(10.75/12)x150
=145.6lb/step

Average weight per foot length=145.6x(12/10.75)

=162.5 lb/ft
Weight of 8in landing=(8/12)x150
=100lb/ft
Assume weight of step cover=7.5lb/ft
Total dead load on stairs=162.5+7.5=170lb/ft
Weight of landing cover=2lb/ft
Total dead load on landing=102lb/ft

Factored load=
Wu on stairs=1.2xD.l + 1.6xL.L
=1.2x170 + 1.6x120
=400lb/ft
Wu on landing=1.2xD.L + 1.6xL.L
=1.2x102+ 1.6x120
=314lb/ft
load on landing is carried in two direction so only half load
of landing will be considered in each direction
Total factored load=Wu=557lb/ft
• Step2:Reinforcement detail:
The maximum moment will be:
Mu=Wul^2/8
=557x12.16^2/8
=10296 lb-ft
d=8 – 1= 7in
R=Mu/bd^2
=10296x12/0.9x12x7^2
=233.47
Using table A.5a
Rho =0.0040
As=0.0040x12x7
=0.336in2
Spacing=12xAb/As
= 12x.196/.336
=7in
Using #4 @7in c/c