INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS

LICENSING

FLIGHT OPERATIONS
DLO’S
At end of this discussion, you will be able to…
 Explain International Regulations as per Annexes

of ICAO
 Discuss few Air Operation lingo

 Elaborate Air Operators Certificate

HOW MANY ICAO ANNEXES ARE THERE, NAME A FEW?
 Annex 1 - Personnel
Licensing
 Annex 2 - Rules of the
Air
 Annex 3 - Meteorological
Services
 Annex 4 - Aeronautical
Charts
 Annex 5 - Units of
Measurement
 Annex 6 - Operation of
Aircraft
 Annex 7 - Aircraft
Nationality and
 Annex 8 - Airworthiness
of Aircraft
 Annex 9 - Facilitation
 Annex 10 - Aeronautical
Telecommunications
 Annex 11 - Air Traffic
Services
 Annex 12 - Search and
Rescue
 Annex 13 - Aircraft
Accident and Incident
Investigation
 Annex 14 - Aerodromes
K
 Annex 15 - Aeronautical
Information Services
 Annex 16 -
Environmental Protection
 Annex 17 - Security
 Annex 18 - The Safe
Transportation of
Dangerous Goods by Air
 Annex 19 - Safety
Management.
 t i o n g
v e n
WHICH ICAO ANNEX RELATE CIVIL AVIATION OPS?
ns
K
i n
o n i c e
o C
 Two annexes of 1947 Chicago

Licensing e
Convention….
l L


i c a g
Annex 1: Personnel
n n f
Annex 6:hOperation
C o
ofsAircraft.
r n o
e o


4 7 : P a t i
9
• 1 n ex 1 p e r
n : O
• A nex 6
•A n ft
 i n g
nKs
WHAT DOES ICAO ANNEX 1 SPECIFIES?
l ic e
a n d
 Training requirements and licensing
ts e r s
e n i n e
 Pilots
i re m e n g
 ATCOs
e q u n ce
g r e n a s
i n n
 Maintenance
i i nt
engineers
O
r aDispatchers.a T C
• T t s, M s , A
l o e r
•Pi patch
•D i s
 f e ty
WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF LICENSING AND TRAINING? C

g s a
 Vital for ensuring safety
r i n

s u
Entire aviation network.
n
o r e o n
a l f i a ti
i t
•V ire a v
E n t .
• k
 WHAT DOES ICAO ANNEX 6 INDICATES SARPS FOR? K

o r … r
 Safe operating practices for…
e s f l a i
c ti c o n a
p r a
 Aircraft involved in international
a t i air transport
 Air operator n g
certificatet e r n
(AOC).
a t i i n C )
p e r i n A O
e o l v e d e (
a f o a t
•S i nv r ti f i c
/C
•A spor tor c t e
a n e r a
tr o p
 WHAT IS AN ‘AOC’ AND ITS IMPORTANCE?
o n s K/C
a ti n
 Air operator certificate (AOC)an
iz at io
o r g p e r
n s i r o
t o
 Required for aviations organizations
i
a a commerciala l a
a v
 That wish to operatei rc i air operation
f o r m e
 Formal d
e document c o m
u i r e a n t
Re
 Anq ra t
organization’s m e
license to do business
• p e
o itl cannot c u
o legally be involved in avn ops.
o
 Without
•T ma d
or
•F
 WHAT IS THE CORE REQUIREMENT OF GETTING ANe AOC? AN
f t h
t a te o
 Air operator needs to demonstrate ‘ S
to…
of y
 it Operator’* that
Issuing authority of ‘State oforthe s Its…
u t h i o n
Organization

g a ra t
s uin o pe
 Training
o Is h
g et
 Flight e
t t
operations F l i
t ra n g , a n c
ons
 Ground handling ini t e n
e m ’ T ra a i n
•D tor
 Maintenance
n, M ,
er a at i o n g
Op Are n i z
adequate d l
for i safe operations.
rga where h n s.
acompany’s
*theO
• country
u n d the
t io n primary place of business is located
o a
•Gr e oper
WHO FROM STATE OF OPERATOR CAN GIVE AOC? K

 After evaluation, AOC is given out

n gby…
i
I ss u
 Issuing authority within that State
 Typically civil aviation b
t y ).
o u authority (CAA).
A A
v en y ( C
s g i ri t
C i th o
O y a u
• A o r i t ti o n
u th v i a
a la
 WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF LICENSING IN AVIATION? nc y
K/C
ic ie
&& efficiency eff
 To promote global standardizationo n
a t i
ICAO publishes SARPs iz
rdfor…

n d a a ls
 Licensing of aviation
s t a professionals
Ps s io n
in
b al R fe s
g lo
 Annex 1: Personnel
s S A ro
Licensing
te lish e n p
m o b a ti o
o i
•Pr O pu of av
IC A in g
• e n s
L ic
ARE THERE LICENSES FOR AVIATION PROFESSIONALS? K

 Licenses are required for… r…

d fo s er s
 Pilots
i re l l e r t c h
e u
q ont ro s pa
e r
 Air traffic controllers
c , D i
s a r f i c e r s
 Maintenance
s e r a f
engineers
i ne
i e
c n
Dispatchersi r t n g
•L  Flights, A c e e
lo t a n
attendants don’t require license.
•Pi inten
• M a
 WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF LICENSING? K be
r s
em
w m
 r
To ensure that flight/ground crewe
c members…
Possess competency ou n d e s

g r uti
h t /
 To perform their professional duties a l d
f li g y i o n
h a t e n c e ss
e t p e t rof
su r o m ir p
n
•E sess m th c e
o s o r
•P perf
o
 WHAT IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF CONTRACTING STATES IN
AVIATION LICENSING? C/AN
te s…
S t a
 Licensing authorities within contracting
th i n s States….
w i n ce ex 1
 Are responsible for issuing
t i e s licences
l ic e n n
o r i
 But minimum qualification
ng standards s : A
th
u of Annex s u i a r d
g a
 are in SARPS
r i s 1. nd
n si n e fo s t a
ic e i b l i o n
•L pons ficat
e s a li
•R q u
i n
•M
 ENUMERATE THE SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS OF LICENSING
AUTHORITIES? K/C ces en
Assessing qualifications g lic

s ui n s .
 Issuing licences/ratingss, I s e r s ta t e
i o n m in e r S
 Designating approved ic a t e xa o t h
li f dexaminers y
u a o v e d b
 Approving g q training p r s u e
courses/simulators
s s in a p s is
 s se t ng
i licences n c e
• A Validating
n a i c e issued by other States.
s i g g l
•De idatin
a l
•V
 WOULD ONE COUNTRIES AVIATION LICENSE COMPULSORILY
o e s
VALID FOR ANOTHER COUNTRY? AN/SYN
r y d
nt g e s
 No!
c o u v il e
e
ncountry pr i
 Holding a licence in one
i n o a l does not grant
c e s io n
same professional
i c en f e s
privileges globally
a l p ro
i ng
 Some ‘States’
m
choose
e to enforce licensing
o ld
requirementst s a beyond the minimums.
• H g r an
n o t ly
b a l
glo
WHAT ARE THE FOUR BASIC CRITERIA FOR LICENSING? K

 Prerequisites
 Training ,
ng nc y

ni
Demonstration of Competency
i e t e
Tra mp
 
Currency
C es, C o
T D i s it o f
• P e qu ti o n
re r s t r a
•P o n
e m c y
•D n
IN YOUR OPINION, WHAT ARE THE PREREQUISITES FOR AN e ss
f it n
AVIATION LICENSE? K
ed.
 Minimum age M
e ,
e nc l
 Experience er i w ne
x p c re so n
e, E
 Flight hours for flight
h
crew t pe r
a g f li g n d
um fo r
 Years of duty for ground
u
personnel
r o
i n im ur s r g
 Medical
•M ht h uty f o
fitness. o
l ig f d
• F rs o
e a
•Y
 WHAT ASPECTS OF TRAINING TO BE CONSIDERED FOR
LICENSING? K

o o m to … e
 Operational
s s r s e d e n c
 Classroom l
C gi a s u p e t
a l , n o m
ti o n
 Simulator training is
i n i
used to…
l c
r a t r a o n a
p e
 Develop
to r
professional
e s s i
competence.
•O ula ro f
•S im p p
v e l o
•D e
 IN YOUR OPINION, HOW WOULD A LICENSING AUTHORITY
GAUGE COMPETENCY OF AN INTENDED LINCENCEE? K/C

After prerequisites and training nal


s si o
o
Demonstrate professionalfe competence…

r p
m o
 Before a licence can be issued.
, D e
 Written
P .Texam
f t e r c e en t
• A
 Operational
et en assessment
m s m
p e x a s e s
m
co itten nal a s
• W r t io
a
 nce
WHAT IS MEANT BY ‘CURRENCY’ IN AVIATION DOMAIN? l i c e K
e i r
After a professional licence is earned… of t
h
’


it must be kept current

g e s
e


Knowledge and skill fade iover v i l t a

time if they i n
are not practised
pr main ials


ICAO requires thateprofessionals…

h t


s e t t o e n


Oneanr i
‘Exercise the
congoing basis a s i
privileges’
s
of their licence
maintain cre
d
E

x g b to
e ir
•‘ goin f th
 validity of their credentials

n
Continually
O dtheir
•throughout t o
practise/complete
y careers. assessments of their knowledge/skill
l i i
•V a
 rd s
DID YOU KNOW?
n d a
s ta
u m r ia
 ICAO SARPs in Annex 1 describe minimum
in i m r i t e
standards
y
e m e r c d b
for licences r i b r i ct is h e
es c st
e stricter b l
u criteria
 Many countries choose 1 d
to r
enforce
o c s p
n e x e n f a r d
 Some use different A n terms t o to n d
describe
a their licences
s i n se
o me s t
P
R are c h o a same standards published by
 All licences
S A r ie s based n son
O
A c ou n t d o
IC ICAO. as e
• n y es b
• M a en c
l li c
•Al O
HOW DO YOU DEFINE ‘OPERATORS’? K
ic e
s e rv
 Companies that offer some type of air service
a ir
e of
 That operate aircraft.
t yp
m e
r s o
o f fe
h at f t .
e s t c r a
an i a ir
m p a t e
o p er
•C t o
h a
•T
 HOW DO YOU DEFINE ‘AB INITIO’? K

l ot s .
 Latin: ‘from the start’ i
p ie n c e
i ng r
 New cadet approach to training pilots
a i n x p e
’ previous o t r s e
 Accept/train with tno
a r h t piloting i o u
experience.
e s t o a c r e v
t h p p r o p
o m t a th n
•‘F r a d e w i
w c a i n
e
•N ept / t r
c c
•A
HOW DO YOU DEFINE ‘FLYING THE LINE’? K
n t h e
m o r t h
 Professional pilots are actively
a c h t o
involved
a d fr in...o m
 Bidding routes eachemonth
s p e r e
te
u an operator n o u l l ’
r
 Flying trips
g ofor
o r a e ‘ p in e
i n pilots s f a r e l
i d d
 Sometimes
t ri p are
l o t s
‘pulled from
o t h
the line’
B
• Thenin‘returned
g eto i
pthe line’ d t
l y s r n e
F
 •Perhaps
e m
toticomplete e t u
annual recurrent training for..
 S o m n ‘ r
• A few weeks
t h e before returning to active flying.
n e’
l i
 lo t
HOW DO YOU DEFINE ‘CHECK PILOT’? K
g pi
i ni n
 t
Check pilot is operator’s seniorortraining r
pilot… a
 Who is qualified to observese n i ’
’s other
lo t s
pilots’ performance
o r
 In the cockpit or inaat simulator, p i
e r h e r to ensure competence
op o t
srefersrvtoe the act of a check e pilot
 A check ride
o t i e s u r
il
palongo on o s
ba flight and observing e n
riding
e c k t r, t o pilot
h
•Cperformance
f ie d la t o
a li n c e mu
u
•Q orm t or a s i
e rf k p i
HOW DO YOU DEFINE ‘CHECK RIDE’? K
f l t
n a
 Act of a check pilot riding along on a flight…
g o e
l o n a n c
g
 In order to observe pilot performance. a r m
id i n r fo
o t r t pe
pi l i lo
ec k v e p
c h s e r
o f a o b
ct to
•A rder
n o
•I
 HOW DO YOU DEFINE ‘JUMP SEAT’?
e a t K …
d
p s h i n
j u m / be t s
 Check pilot observe pilot
i n e n
performance
e in
s e a
cockpit
t s
 While sitting init
s s
jump seat,e t w
a.k.a. O
auxiliary) se a
crew station
l o t d b r ( F m p
p a t e
 Typicallyi located between/behind…
i ce j u
 e ck o c
l officer o f f u s e
h Captain l&yfirst
•C  Canicbealfolded down i r s t (FO) seats
l s o
p & f t s
as neededa
• T
y a i n d a n
a t
Flightpattendants
t te n
also use jump seats…
a
•CIn cabinhtduring take-offs and landings.
l i g
•F
 HOW DO YOU DEFINE ‘NON-REVENUE FLIGHT’? K

h t s h e r
 Operators occasionally conduct ferry f li g flights,
n o t
which are delivery (non-revenue) e r y flightst o ato move
el iv o n
aircraft from one location e d to at i
another.
a r lo c
i c h one
, w h m
ht s f ro
f lig af t
r y ir c r
F e r e a
• o v
o m
•t
 Kigh
t …
HOW DO YOU DEFINE ‘POSTECH’?
y f l
f e rr he
 If a pilot rides along on a ferry
a flight…
o r s
n
o he oreshe h e
 To get to a location where
o n g e r h t
s a l w h fl ig
 Will be piloting
i d e a revenue
i on flight e
n u
o t r c a t v e
p i l
 It is called POSTECH
l o a re
(positioning (technical) pilot
If a crew) or
t o a
deadheading.
n g
• g e t l o t i
o p i
•T ll be
•W i
SUMMARY
 How many annexes are there from ICAO?
 Which Annex deals with Licensing in aviation?
 Which Annex deals with Flight Operation?
 What is meant by…
 POSTECH
 Jump seat
 Check Pilot
 SARPS
It's better to be on the ground wishing you were the air,
than in the air wishing you were on the ground.

THANK YOU