Concept of Structural Analysis

program development
Solution of system of
Data Input
equations

Evaluation of element Evaluation of member

matrices forces

Assembling of total Out put results

system of equations

Introduction of B.C’s.
 Problem
1 d 4

a c 2.4m
e
f
30

2 3
b
1.0
Total five movements are possible in the above structure
1. Vertical motion at joint “2”
2. Horizontal and vertical motion at joint “2” and “3”
 Load Vector
0
0
0
P= 0
0
-1
0
0
 Member Stiffness Matrix
Δx1 Δy1 Δx2 Δy2

0 0 0 0
[K12]a = EA/2.4
0 1 0 -1
0 0 0 0
0 -1 0 1
 Member Stiffness Matrix
Δx2 Δy2 Δx3 Δy3

0.577 0 -0.577 0
[K23]b = EA/2.4
0 0 0 0
-0.577 0 0.577 0
0 0 0 0
 Member Stiffness Matrix
Δx3 Δy3 Δx4 Δy4

0 0 0 0
[K34]c = EA/2.4
0 1 0 -1
0 0 0 0
0 -1 0 1
 Member Stiffness Matrix
Δx1 Δy1 Δx4 Δy4

0.577 0 -0.577 0
[K14]d = EA/2.4
0 0 0 0
-0.577 0 0.577 0
0 0 0 0
 Member Stiffness Matrix
Δx1 Δy1 Δx3 Δy3

0.375 -.217 -.375 0.217

[K13]e = EA/2.4
-.217 0.125 0.217 -0.215
-0.375 0.217 0.375 -0.217
0.217 -0.125 -0.217 0.125
 Member Stiffness Matrix
Δx2 Δy2 Δx4 Δy4

0.375 -.217 -.375 0.217

[K24]e = EA/2.4
-.217 0.125 0.217 -0.215
-0.375 0.217 0.375 -0.217
0.217 -0.125 -0.217 0.125
 Assembly of stiffness matrices
Δx1 Δy1 Δx2 Δy2 Δx3 Δy3 Δx4 Δy4

0.952 -0.217 0 0 0 0 -0.952 0.217

-0.217 1.125 0 -1 0 0 0.217 -0.125

[K] = EA/2.4
0 0 0.952 0.217 -0.577 0 -0.375 -0.217

0 -1 0.217 1.125 0 0 -0.217 -0.125

0 0 -0.577 0 0.577 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 1 0 -1

-0.952 -0.217 -0.375 -0.217 0 0 0.952 -0.217

0.217 -0.125 -0.217 -0.125 0 -1 -0.217 1.125

 Displacement Vector
0
0
0
D= Δy2
Δx3
Δy3
Δx4
Δy4
 Solution of Equations
P = K D And D = K-1 x D So we get
0 0
0 0
0 0
D= Δy2 = 1/EA -1.12
-3.86
Δx3
-17
Δy3
3.35
Δx4
-15.9
Δy4
 Member Forces
Δx1 Δy1 Δx2 Δy2

Px1 0

0 0 0 0
Py1 0

= 0 1 0 -1 x
0
Px2
0 0 0 0
Py2 0 -1 0 1 -1.12
 Final Steps
 After determination of member forces,
reactions may be calculated from the
reaction forces and if the sum of reactions
are equal to the applied loads, then
solution is correct.
 Direct Assembly Matrix
C2 CS -C2 -CS
K11 K12
= CS S2 -CS -S2
[K]a =
K21 K22 -C2 -CS C2 CS
-CS -S2 CS S2
 ASSEMBLY MATRIX
1 2 3 4

K11A+K11D+K -K12A -K13E -K14D

11E
-K21A K22A+K22B+ -K23B -K24F
[K] = EA/L K22F
-K31E -K32B K33B+K33C+K -K34C
33E
-K41D -K42F -K43C K44C+K44D+K
44F