By:-

Suraj Kumar Khuraijam

Vinay Kumar Singh
Prashanta Kumar Mohanta
1.Wire antenna
2.Aperture Antenna
3. Lens Antenna
4. Reflector Antenna
5.Array Antenna
6. Micro Strip patch Antenna
History:-
• Invented by Bob Munson in 1972.
• Became popular starting in the 1970s.

Definition:
 Microstrip Patch antenna consists of a radiating
patch on one side of a dielectric substrate which
has a ground plane on the other side.
 The patch is generally made of conducting
material such as copper or gold.
 Effective dielectric constant (εreff) must be obtained in order
to account for the fringing.
 The patch of the antenna electrically seen to be a bit larger
than usual design due to fringing.
 Frequency of operation (fo): The resonant
frequency of the antenna must be selected (in
Between 2-5 Ghz).The resonant frequency
selected for our design is 2.4GHz.
 Dielectric constant of the substrate (εr): The
dielectric material selected for Our design is
having a dielectric constant of 2.45.

 Height of dielectric substrate (h): It is essential

that the antenna is not bulky. Hence, the
height of the dielectric substrate is selected as
1.58 mm.
 With the substituting the values of c= 3x10^8
m/s, fr = 2.4GHz and h = 1.58mm

Width w = 47.5mm
 εreff = 2.3368

Leff = 40.625 mm
 Inset-Feed.
 Proximity (EMC) Coupling.

 Aperture Coupled Patch.

 Coxial Feed.
 Feeding Methods: Inset-Feed

Advantages:
 simple
 allows for planar feeding
 easy to obtain input match

Disadvantages:
 significant line radiation for thicker substrates
 for deep notches, pattern may shown distortion.
 Feeding Methods: Proximity (EMC) Coupling

Advantages:
 allows for planar feeding
 less line radiation compared
to microstrip feed patch

microstrip line
Disadvantages:
 requires multilayer fabrication
 alignment is important for input match
Feeding Methods: Aperture Coupled Patch (ACP)
Advantages:
 allows for planar feeding
 feed radiation is isolated from patch radiation
 higher bandwidth, since probe inductance
problem restriction is eliminated and a
double-resonance can be created.
 allows for use of different substrates to
optimize antenna and feed-circuit
performance patch

Disadvantages: slot
 requires multilayer fabrication
microstrip line
 alignment is important for input match
 Feeding Methods: Coaxial Feed

Advantages:
 simple
 easy to obtain input match
  x0 
R  Redge cos 
2

 L 
Disadvantages:
 difficult to obtain input match for thicker substrates,
due to probe inductance.
 significant probe radiation for thicker substrates
 Light weight and low volume.

 Low fabrication cost, hence can be manufactured in large

quantities.

 Supports both, linear as well as circular polarization.

 Mechanically robust when mounted on rigid surfaces.

 Easy to fabricate (use etching and phototlithography.

 Easy to feed (coaxial cable, microstrip line, etc.)

 Easy to use in an array or incorporate with other microstrip

circuit elements.
 Narrow bandwidth.
 Low efficiency.
 Low Gain.
 Radio altimeters.
 Remote sensing and environmental
instrumentation .
 Feed elements in complex antennas .
 Satellite navigation receivers.
 Mobile radio.
 Integrated antennas.
 Biomedical radiators.
 Doppler and other radars.
 Satellite communication, direct broadcast
services(DBS).
single element
array