Corporate Social Responsibility towards Government

CSR – Corporate Self Regulation integrated into a business model whereby

business would monitor and ensure its adherence to law, ethical standards and
international norms. CSR began as a voluntary form of private regulation.
Government – is the system or group of people governing an organized
community, often a state. It is consist of executive, legislative and judiciary.
The policy-making role of government is crucial for promoting CSR between
different industries at the national level, encouraging a tightening of standards
across the board. Economic incentives are often used to facilitate socially-
responsible practices. The government is in a position to raise awareness and
build capacities for CSR among companies and stakeholders.

Common type of economic incentives – 1. Tax Incentives 2. Financial

Incentives 3. Subsidies (NGO’s) 4. Tax Rebates
Governments have a role to play in ensuring that corporations behave
according to the rules and norms of society; corporations stand to gain from
CSR activities due to its social influence and acceptance. Hence government
play an important part in supporting corporate social responsibility initiatives.
Governments can legislate, foster, partner with businesses and endorse good
practice in order to facilitate the development of corporate social responsibility.
Business has played a significant historical role in societal development,
through philanthropy, or by having a motive beyond money making.

Government actions are essential for creating an enabling environment for

private sector development that diminishes risks, lowers costs and barriers of
operation, and raises rewards and opportunities for competitive and
responsible private enterprises. The challenge for government agencies in
promoting a CSR agenda is to identify priorities, raise awareness, create
incentives and support. Some key roles which a government can actively
choose to engage to support a CSR agenda includes:
Regulating- This can come in the form of laws, regulations, penalties, and
associated measures to control aspects of business investment or operations.
Governments at different levels can regulate the behavior or practice of business
by defining minimum standards for business performance embedded within the
legal framework; establishing targets for business to achieve; setting up enforcers
and inspectorates to oversee business conduct; promulgating codes or laws to
confine undesirable business conduct; or imposing license of operation or
mandatory environmental friendly industrial systems. Examples of this include
establishing a minimum age for labor forces.
Facilitating- Through facilitation, governments enable companies to engage in
CSR to drive social and environmental improvements. Government may
provide incentives and penalties to promote responsible business; ensure
business can access information needed; facilitate understanding of minimum
legal requirements for issues relating to responsible business practice; include
CSR elements in related policy areas (such as industrial policy, trade policy,
environmental policy, and labor policy)
Good Governance – is an approach to government that is committed to
creating systems founded in justice and peace that protects individual human
rights and civil liberties. (UN) It is measured by the eight factors:
1. Participation
2. Rule of Law
3. Transparency
4. Responsiveness
5. Consensus Oriented
6. Equity and Inclusiveness
7. Effectiveness and Efficiency
8. Accountability
Participation – requires that all groups, particularly those most vulnerable, have
direct or representative to the system of the government. This manifest as a
strong civil society and citizens with the freedom of association and expression.

Rule of Law – is exemplified by impartial legal systems that protects human

rights and civil liberties of all citizens, particularly minorities. This is indicated by
and independent judicial branch and a police force free from corruption.

Transparency – means that citizens understand and have access to the means
and manner in which decisions are made, especially if they are directly affected
by such decisions. This information must be provided in an understandable and
accessible format typically translated through the media. EO 2.

Responsiveness – simply involves that institutions respond to their stakeholders

within a reasonable time frame.
Consensus Oriented – is demonstrated by an agenda that seeks to mediate
between the many different needs, perspective, and expectations of a diverse
citizenry. Decisions needs to be made in a manner that reflects a deep
understanding of the historical, cultural, and social context of the community.

Equity and Inclusiveness – depends on ensuring that all the members of a

community feel included and empowered to improve or maintain their well
being, especially those individuals and groups that are the most vulnerable.

Effectiveness and Efficiency – is developed through the sustainable use of

resources to meet the needs of a society. Sustainability refers to both ensuring
social investment carry through and natural resources are maintained for
future generations.
Accountability – refers to institutions being ultimately accountable to the
people and one another. This includes government agencies, civil society and
the private sector all being accountable to one another as well.

“There is no sustainable development without good governance”

There are several government agencies that has jurisdiction over a particular
needs of the community and these are some of those departments:
1. Department of National Defense
2. Department of Health
3. Department of Education / (CHED)
4. Department of Trade and Industry
5. Department of Environment and Natural Resources
6. Department of Agriculture
7. Department of Finance
8. Department of Labor and Employment
9. Department of Interior and Local Government
10. Department of Social Welfare and Development
11. Department of Foreign Affairs
12. Department of Public Works and Highways
Government narrows down the authority to oversee the community through the
Local Government Unit (LGU) as shown below:

President

Administrative Autonomous
Regions Regions

Provinces LGU Provinces

Cities / Cities /
Municipalities Municipalities

Barangays Barangays
LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT
OVERVIEW
• What is the local government code?

• What are some of the key provisions of the code?

• What is the structure of local government in the

Philippines?

• What are the powers/responsibilities of local

governments?
The Local Government Code
• The local government code of 1991 provides the
overarching framework of local governance in the
Philippines.

• Key principles:
• Local autonomy
• Decentralization
• Accountability
• Participative governance
Other Relevant Provisions
• National supervisions over LGUs is the norm.

• LGUs have the power to enact ordinances within

their territory.

• LGUs may tax uniformly within their territory.

• LGUs are entitled to a share in the internal

revenue allotment.
Structure of Local Governments
• Local government units are created on the basis
of income, population and land area.

• They may be divided, merged or abolished to the

same criteria.

• Before any LGU is created, abolished, divided or

merged there is a plebiscite requirement to fulfill.
Structure of Local Governments
• Province  City
• Land area of 200 sqkm ◦ Land area of 100 sqkm
• Population of 200,000 ◦ Population of 150,000

 Municipality
 Barangay
◦ Land area of 50 sqkm ◦ Population of 2,000
◦ Population of 25,000 ◦ In highly urbanized
Local Officials
• Local elected officials have three (3) year terms,
five (5) for barangay officials.

• Each elected official can have no more than three

(3) consecutive terms.

• Local Chief Executives:

• Province = Governor
• City = Mayor
• Municipality = Mayor
Powers of LGUs
 Strictly speaking, different LGUs have different
powers and responsibilities

 These include:
◦ Agriculture support services
◦ Health services
◦ Social welfare
◦ Public works and facilities
◦ Environmental protection
◦ Research and development
The Local Government Code
CHAPTER 4. - RELATIONS WITH PEOPLE'S
AND NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS

SEC. 34. Role of People's and Nongovernmental

Organizations. - Local government units shall
promote the establishment and operation of
people's and nongovernmental organizations to
become active partners in the pursuit of local
autonomy.
The Local Government Code
CHAPTER 4. - RELATIONS WITH PEOPLE'S AND
NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS

SEC. 35. Linkages with People's and Non-Governmental

Organizations. - Local government units may enter into joint
ventures and such other cooperative arrangements with
people's and nongovernmental organizations to engage in
the delivery of certain basic services, capability-building and
livelihood projects, and to develop local enterprises
designed to improve productivity and income, diversify
agriculture, spur rural industrialization, promote ecological
balance, and enhance the economic and social well-being
of the people.
The Local Government Code
CHAPTER 4. - RELATIONS WITH PEOPLE'S AND
NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS

SEC. 36. Assistance to People's and

Nongovernmental Organizations. - A local government
unit may, through its local chief executive and with the
concurrence of the sanggunian concerned, provide
assistance, financial or otherwise, to such people's
and nongovernmental organizations for economic,
socially-oriented, environmental, or cultural projects to
be implemented within its territorial jurisdiction.
NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS

• A non-governmental organization (NGO) is a

non-profit, citizen-based group that functions
independently of government. NGOs, sometimes
called civil societies, are organized on
community, national and international levels to
serve specific social or political purposes, and
are cooperative, rather than commercial, in
nature.
 Philippine Business for Social Progress

• Philippine Business for Social Progress (PBSP) is the

largest corporate-led social development foundation in
the Philippines. Founded in 1970, PBSP was the first
in Asia to lead the promotion and practice
of CSR. Comprising more than 260 businesses, PBSP
operates nationwide programs in education, health,
livelihood and environment. 
Philippine Business for Social Progress
• Legacy

Founded in 1970, PBSP was the first in Asia to

advocate and practice corporate social
responsibility (CSR). PBSP was modeled after
the Venezuelan Dividendo Voluntario para la
Comunidad, where businesses allocate a certain
percentage of their profits to development
projects. PBSP's projects have delivered assistance to
landless farmers, fishermen, rural workers, urban poor
and indigenous cultural communities in the Philippines.
CSR Evaluation of
Government
Governance of the
Philippines
Philippine Politics Under
Duterte: A Midterm
Assessment
by David G. Timberman
David G. Timberman is a political analyst and development practitioner with 30
years of experience analyzing and addressing political and governance challenges,
principally in Southeast and South Asia.
• “The Duterte government’s track record regarding human rights and
democracy is undoubtedly disturbing.”
• “It has run roughshod over human rights, its political opponents, and
the country’s democratic institutions.”
• “The combination of the Philippines’ powerful presidency and the
malleability of most of its political institutions is resulting in significant
democratic backsliding.”
• “Duterte’s world view is heavily influenced by nationalist and leftist
thought dating from the 1960s and 1970s, as well as by his twenty-
two years of experience as mayor of Davao City.
• In Davao, he combined a hardline approach to law and order with
socially progressive and pro-business policies.” 
• “As mayor he was both a paternalistic patron and a fearsome boss
whose orders had to be followed. As a result, he has little tolerance
for scrutiny or challenges to this authority.” 
•  ”He sees the country as beset by existential threats of drugs, crime,
and corruption.
• As befits Philippine culture, his approach is highly personalistic: he
presents himself as the only leader strong and decisive enough to
save the nation.” 
• “As for his frequently crude and threatening rhetoric, anthropologist Nicole
Curato has called his approach “crass politics” that, though objectionable to
many, communicates multiple messages:”

Duterte may be offending the norms of respectful communication when he

prefaces his remarks with “mother fucker,” but he brings to the surface the
collective frustration many feel. He may not offer the clearest policy, but he
puts forward the sincerest discourse of sympathy. . . . Duterte’s gutter
language establishes the urgency of saving the republic. Including “kill” and
“death” is essential to the president’s vocabulary for the country is at war, and
his politics of “I will” demands quick, albeit painful, solutions.  
Source:
• https://carnegieendowment.org/2019/01/10/philippine-politics-under-duterte-mi
dterm-assessment-pub-78091?fbclid=IwAR1bzCBpRXGmGumAGzDOEdJuiL
xbkocZyRJ5gG9fW5RDmBmKSdGAw2jfJOo
Nationalization of CSR in the Philippines – is the practice of CSR is going
beyond philanthropy and public relations????
Private Companies - … More and more companies take effort to perform CSR
toward society and environment. also, they embrace CSR as part of their
business strategies.
Public - ???... Government also embrace CSR as part of making policies and
laws, however, Public policies are good (should be) (at first) but the
implementation is not as well as the sustainability.
Question - Why are politicians still aim for a position in the government???
A. Salary
B. Future Benefits
C. To help the public and do public service
D. To become well known and powerful
E. All of the above
F. None of the above