WELCOME

Presented by,
MR. PURUSHOTHAM
II yr M.Sc(N)
Community Health Nursing
K R College of Nursing
Bangalore
 Guided by
Mr. Girish M N
Associate Professor and HOD
Community Health Nursing
K R College of Nursing
Bangalore
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
“A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF

HEALTH EDUCATION PROGRAMME ON

KNOWLEDGE REGARDING ELDERLY CARE

AMONG CAREGIVERS OF ELDERLY PEOPLE IN

SELECTED COMMUNITY AREAS, BANGALORE”

 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
A man's life is normally divided into five main stages namely

infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood and old age. In each of

these stages an individual has to find himself in different situations

and face different problems. The old age is not without problems. In

old age physical strength deteriorates, mental stability diminishes;

money power becomes bleak coupled with negligence from the

younger generation.
 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1. To assess the pre test knowledge level of caregivers of elderly people
regarding elderly care.
2. To assess the post test knowledge level of caregivers of elderly people
regarding elderly care.
3. To evaluate the effectiveness of Health education programme on
knowledge of caregivers of elderly people regarding elderly care.
4. To determine the association between pre test knowledge of
caregivers of elderly people regarding elderly care and selected
demographic variables.
 HYPOTHESIS
H1: There is a significant difference in the pre test and post test

knowledge scores of caregivers of elderly people regarding elderly

care.

H2: There is a significant association between the pre test knowledge

of caregivers of elderly people regarding elderly care and selected

demographic variables.

 
 OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

 Assess: It is the statistical measurement of knowledge of caregivers

of elderly people on elderly care.

 Knowledge: Refers to the level of understanding of caregivers of

elderly people regarding elderly care as assessed by their responses

to the items of knowledge questionnaire.

 Effectiveness: refers to the extent to which Health education

programme have achieved the desired effect on knowledge of

caregivers of elderly people regarding elderly care.

 OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS
 Health education programme: refers to the systematically
designed teaching programme with the use of computer, which is
appropriate for the caregivers of elderly people to upgrade their
knowledge and skills regarding elderly care.
 Caregivers of elderly people: refers to the family members those
who take care of the elderly people at their home in selected
community areas, Bangalore.
 Elderly Care: refers to the way of helping and caring for the elderly
people in their routine by the caregivers or their family members.
 ASSUMPTIONS
Caregivers of elderly people may have some basic
knowledge regarding elderly care
Health education programme may increase the
knowledge of caregivers of elderly people regarding
elderly care
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Perception
Perception
Need to improve Action Interaction
Need to improve Action Interaction
knowledge regarding
knowledge regarding Development of Structured Conducts pre- test
Elderly care among Development of Structured Conducts pre- test
Elderly care among questionnaires
Caregivers of elderly questionnaires Administers
Caregivers of elderly Administers
people. health education
people. 2Development of Health Education health education
2Development of Health Education programme on
Programme on Elderly care programme on
Programme on Elderly care Elderly care
Elderly care

Judgment Improvement
Judgment Improvement
Decided to in knowledge
Decided to in knowledge
develop and
develop and
administer Transaction
administer Reaction/Mutual Transaction
HEP on Elderly Reaction/Mutual
HEP on Elderly Goal setting Post – test
care Goal setting Post – test
care Assessment
Caregivers of elderly Assessment
Caregivers of elderly
people express
people express No
interest to know more No
interest to know more improvement in
Perception
Perception about elderly care improvement in
about elderly care knowledge
knowledge
Need to update the
knowledge
knowledge regarding
regarding
Elderly
Elderly care
care Interaction
Interaction
Participating in
Action Participating in
Action pre-test
pre-test
Expressed interest and
Expressed interest and 2Utilizes HEP on
given the consent to 2Utilizes HEP on
given the consent to Elderly care
Judgment
Judgment participate in the study Elderly care
participate in the study
Decided to utilize
health
health education
education
programme
programme on on Elderly
Elderly Feed back
care
care

Not included in the study

Include in the study
FIGURE 1: CONCEPTUAL FRAME WORK BASED ON
KINGS GOAL ATTAINMENT THEORY
 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
A review of related literature given an insight into various
aspects of the problem under study. The review serves as an integrated
function that facilitates the accumulation of knowledge. Hence review
of literature is important to a research in order to know what has been
established and documented.

The investigator organized the literatures in the following

categories.
 Literatures related to elderly problems and elderly care
 Literatures related to knowledge of care givers regarding
elderly care
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research approach
Evaluative research approach is used.

Research Design
Pre experimental design with one group pre test post
test design was adapted.

Setting
The present study was undertaken in
Amruthahalli Primary Health Centre, Bangalore.
VARIABLES

Independent variable: Health education programme

regarding elderly care.

 Dependent variables: knowledge of Caregivers of elderly

people residing in selected Community areas regarding

their elderly care.
 Demographic variables: Age, gender, Relationship with

elderly person, religion, type of family, monthly family

income, history of recent hospitalization and source of
information.
POPULATION

The population comprised all the Caregivers of elderly people

residing in selected Community areas of Bangalore.
Sample Size

Sample size of the present study consists of 60 Caregivers of

elderly people residing in selected Community areas.
Sampling Technique

Purposive sampling technique was adopted to select the samples.

 Criteria for Selecting the Sample
Inclusion Criteria
The study includes the caregivers of elderly people,
Who are residing in selected community areas
who are available at the time of data collection.
who can understand English

Exclusion Criteria
The study excludes the caregivers of elderly people,
who are not willing to participate in the study.
 SELECTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOOL
Structured questionnaire which consists of,
Part I: Comprised of 8 items seeking personal
information such as age, gender, relationship with elderly
person, religion, type of family, monthly family income,
history of recent hospitalization and source s of
information.
Part II: Comprised of 40 items on four knowledge
aspect such as General aspects in elderly people (5),
Common changes in aging (7), Knowledge about elderly
care (23), Facilities for elderly in India (5).
Scoring key

Scoring key is prepared for

Part-I: Scoring key is prepared for Part-I by coding the demographic

variables.
 Part-II: Each question had 4 responses with which one correct
response and 3 distracters. Score ‘1’ was given for correct response
in a single question and score ‘0’ was given for wrong response.
The total numbers of items were 40 giving rise to maximum score
of 40.
The resulting score were ranged as follows
Adequate knowledge : more than 75 % (31-40 marks)
Moderately adequate : 50 – 75 % (21-30 marks)
Inadequate adequate : less than 50 % (less than 20 marks)
 CONTENT VALIDITY:

For the Content Validity; a criteria check list was prepared.

Content Validity was established by requesting the experts. The
developed tool along with the objectives of the study was
submitted to experts in the field of Community Health Nursing.

 RELIABILITY OF THE TOOL:

Reliability of the knowledge questionnaires was computed

using Spearman Brown Prophecy formula and was found to be
0.84. So the tool was found to be reliable for data collection.
PILOT STUDY:

Pilot study was conducted on 10 subjects residing in areas under Urban

Primary Health Centre, Bangalore from 06-01-2020 to 11-01-2020. The
permission to conduct pilot study was obtained from the Medical Officer, Urban
Primary Health Centre, Bangalore. Subjects were chosen by purposive sampling
technique with lottery method. The purpose of the study was explained and
informed consent obtained. Structured questionnaires were administered to the
Caregivers of elderly people, and conducted Health education programme for
Caregivers of elderly people in selected community area regarding elderly care,
which consist of 8 items on demographic variables, 40 items on knowledge
aspects.
The pilot study was helpful to estimate total time required for conducting the
study, establish feasibility of the study and an appropriate time to collect the data.
PROCEDURE FOR DATA COLLECTION
The data collection was done for 4 weeks in Amruthahalli
Primary Health Centre, Bangalore. A formal written
permission was obtained from the Medical Officer,
Amruthahalli Primary Health Centre, Bangalore and data
collected within a given period from 15-01-2020 to 15-02-
2020. Data were collected from 60 Caregivers of elderly
people who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
 RESULTS
Section I: Description of demographic characteristics of Caregivers of

elderly people residing in selected Community areas.

Section II: Knowledge level of Caregivers of elderly people regarding

elderly care.

Section III: Comparison of the pre-test and post-test knowledge score of

Caregivers of elderly people residing in selected Community areas.

Section IV: Association between knowledge scores and selected

demographic variables.
 Section -I Description of demographic variables
Variables Frequency Percentage
Age
20-30 years 16 26.7
31-40 years 24 40.0
41-50 years 12 20.0
51 years and above 8 13.3
Gender
Male 32 53.3
Female 28 46.7
Relationship with elderly
person
Son 30 50.0
Daughter 18 30.0
Spouse 12 20.0
 Variables Frequency Percentage
Religion
Hindu 31 51.7
Muslim 21 35.0
Christian 5 8.3
Other religion 3 5.0
Family type
Joint family 16 26.7
Nuclear family 44 73.3
Monthly family income
less than Rs. 5000 15 25.0
Rs. 5001-10000 17 28.3
Rs. 10001-15000 14 23.3
More than Rs.15001 14 23.3
 Variables Frequency Percentage

History of recent hospitalization

Yes 22 36.7

No 38 63.3

Source of Information

Mass Media 29 48.3

Friends 7 11.7

Relatives 15 25.0

Others 9 15.0
 Section II: KNOWLEDGE LEVEL OF CAREGIVERS OF
ELDERLY PEOPLE REGARDING ELDERLY CARE

Pre test Post test

Knowledge level
Frequency % Frequency %

Inadequate knowledge 43 71.7 5 8.3

Moderate knowledge 17 28.3 39 65.0

Adequate knowledge 0 0 16 26.7

Total 60 100 60 100

 Area wise analysis of pretest knowledge scores of
Caregivers of elderly people

Maximu
Number Mean Media
Knowledge aspects m Mean SD
of Items % n
Score
General aspects in elderly
5 5 2.42 48.4 2 0.766
people
Common changes in aging 7 7 2.78 39.71 3 1.106

Knowledge about elderly care 23 23 9.77 42.47 10 3.466

Facilities for elderly in India 5 5 2.2 44.0 2 0.879

Overall 40 40 17.17 42.92 18 5.378

Area wise analysis of post test knowledge scores of
Caregivers of elderly people

Maximu
Number Mean Media
Knowledge aspects m Mean SD
of Items % n
Score
General aspects in elderly
5 5 3.65 73 4 0.88
people
Common changes in aging 7 7 4.62 66 5 1.18

Knowledge about elderly care 23 23 15.4 66.95 15 3.136

Facilities for elderly in India 5 5 3.23 64.6 3 0.871

Overall 40 40 26.90 67.25 26.5 4.718

 Section– III: Area-wise comparison of knowledge scores of
Caregivers of elderly people
Pre test Post Test
Mean
Sl Knowledge Inferen
differe t value
No aspects Mean SD Mean SD ce
nce

1 General aspects
2.42 0.766 3.65 0.88 1.23 10.972 S
in elderly people
2 Common
2.78 1.106 4.62 1.18 1.84 11.740 S
changes in aging
3 Knowledge
about elderly 9.77 3.466 15.4 3.136 5.63 18.623 S
care

4 Facilities for
2.2 0.879 3.23 0.871 1.03 8.531 S
elderly in India
 Section– VI: Association of pre test knowledge score of
Caregivers of elderly people with the demographic variables

Demographic DF Calculated p Level of

Variables chi Value Significance
Square Value
Age 3 11.283 0.010 S
Gender 1 9.902 0.002 S
Relationship with the 2 19.844 0.000 S
patient
Religion 3 6.577 0.087 NS
Family type 1 2.084 0.149 NS
Family income 3 14.917 0.002 S
History of Information 1 0.463 0.496 NS
 DISCUSSION
The findings of the study are discussed under following
headings.
Section I : Description of demographic characteristics of
Caregivers of elderly people residing in selected Community
areas.
Section II : Knowledge level of Caregivers of elderly people
regarding elderly care
Section III : Comparison of the pre-test and post-test
knowledge score of Caregivers of elderly people residing in
selected Community areas.
Section IV : Association between pre test knowledge scores
and selected demographic variables.
 NURSING IMPLICATIONS
Nursing Practice

Nurses are the key persons of the health team, who play a

major role in health promotion and maintenance. The nursing

personnel need to prepare the instructional materials and provide

teaching program which should be understandable to the

Caregivers of elderly people. Health teaching is an integral part of

health and child welfare services.

 Nursing Education 
As a nurse educator, there are abundant opportunities

for nursing professionals to educate the Caregivers of

elderly people regarding elderly care. The study
emphasizes significance of short term in-service
education programmes for nurses related to elderly care.
Nursing Administration
Nursing administrators should take interest in
motivating the nursing personnel’s to improve their
professional knowledge and skill by attending the health
conferences, workshops, seminars and training program
on Elderly care. The nursing administrator should
arrange regular in-service education program on Elderly
care.
 NURSING RESEARCH
Research provides nurses credibility to influence decision making,

policy and protocol formulation. Findings of the present study

suggest that educators and administrator should encourage nurses
to read, discuss and conduct research studies so as to enable the
nurse to make data based decision rather than intuitive decisions.
 LIMITATIONS
The limitations of the present study were

Only knowledge was considered in the present study.

The study was conducted in one area, which restricts

the generalization.
 RECOMMENDATIONS
On the basis of the findings of the study following
recommendations have been made:
A Similar study can be replicated on large sample to generalize
the findings.
A Similar study can be replicated on knowledge and practice
regarding the .
A Similar study can be conducted in different setting.
A comparative study can be conducted between rural and urban
children
A study can be conducted to assess the effectiveness of innovative
teaching methods.