DENGUE,MALARIA,CHIC

KEN POX
DENGUE
is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus
OTHER NAMES
 Break bone fever or Dandy fever- Dengue often have contortions due
to the intense pain in the joints, muscles, and bones.
CAUSES
• Dengue virus by Aedes mosquito

Dengue virus by Aedes mosquitos

PATHOGNOMONIC SIGNS
• Sudden fever and acute pains in the joints
INCUBATION PERIOD
• 5–7 days
MODE Of TRANSMISSION

• Dengue are spread to people through the bites of infected Aedes

species mosquitoes
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• Headache
• Muscle, bone or joint pain
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Pain behind the eyes
• Swollen glands
• Rash
• Fever
WARNING SIGNS
• Severe stomach pain
• Persistent vomiting
• Bleeding from your gums or nose
• Blood in your urine, stools or vomit
• Bleeding under the skin, which might look like bruising
• Difficult or rapid breathing
• Fatigue
• Irritability or restlessness
TREATMENT
• There is no specific medicine to treat dengue.
• Treat the symptoms of dengue and see your healthcare provider.
PREVENTION AND CONTROL
• Use insect repellent
• wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants
• control mosquitoes inside and outside your home
MALARIA
is a serious and sometimes fatal disease caused by a parasite
that commonly infects a certain type of mosquito which feeds
on humans.
OTHER NAMES:
• Ague
• Jungle fever
• Marsh or Swamp fever
• Paludism
CAUSES
• Plasmodium parasite
PATHOGNOMONIC SIGNS
• There are no pathognomonic clinical signs. The nonspecific nature of
malaria presentation dictates that all patients with a history of
potential exposure to malaria who present with fever should be
regard-ed as having malaria until proven otherwise.
INCUBATION PERIOD
• 7 to 30 days.
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
• Transmitted by the bite of an infective female Anopheles mosquito.
• Transfusion of blood from infected persons and use of contaminated
needles and syringes are other potential modes of transmission.
• Congenital transmission of malaria may also occur.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• fever
• shaking chills
• Headache
muscle aches
• tiredness
• Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may also occur
• Malaria may cause anemia and jaundice (yellow coloring of the skin
and eyes) because of the loss of red blood cells.
TREATMENT
• Malaria is treated with prescription drugs to kill the parasite.
• Combination of atovaquone and proguanil (Malarone)
• Quinine sulfate (Qualaquin) with doxycycline (Vibramycin, Monodox,
others)
• Mefloquine.
• Primaquine phosphate.
PREVENTION AND CONTROL
• The main current measures are focused on reduction of the contact
between mosquitoes and humans, the destruction of larvae by
environmental management and the use of larvicides or mosquito
larvae predators, and destruction of adult mosquitoes by indoor
residual spraying and insecticide-treated bed nets.
CHICKEN POX
is a highly contagious disease
OTHER NAMES:
also known as varicella
CAUSES
• caused by a virus called varicella zoster
PATHOGNOMONIC SIGNS
• The classic symptom of chickenpox is a rash that turns into itchy, fluid-
filled blisters that eventually turn into scabs. The rash may first show
up on the chest, back, and face, and then spread over the entire body,
including inside the mouth, eyelids, or genital area. It usually takes
about one week for all of the blisters to become scabs.
INCUBATION PERIOD
• 14 to 16 days
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
• The virus can be spread from person to person by direct contact,
inhalation of aerosols from vesicular fluid of skin lesions of acute
varicella or zoster, and possibly through infected respiratory
secretions that also may be aerosolized.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• Chickenpox symptoms in adults
• Flu-like symptoms such as fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, body aches,
and headache.
• Red spots appear on the face and chest, eventually spreading over the
entire body.
• Blisters weep, become sores, form crusts, and heal.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Chicken pox in child
• High temperature (fever), aches and headache often start a day or so
before a rash appears.
• Spots (rash). Spots appear in crops. They develop into small blisters
and are itchy. They can be anywhere on the body. Several crops may
develop over several days.
• Loss of appetite or feeding problems.
TREATMENT
• If you or your child are at high risk of complications, your doctor may
suggest an antiviral drug such as acyclovir (Zovirax, Sitavig) or another
drug called immune globulin intravenous (Privigen). These
medications may lessen the severity of chickenpox when given within
24 hours after the rash first appears.
PREVENTION AND CONTROL
• The best way to prevent chickenpox is to get the chickenpox vaccine.
Everyone – including children, adolescents, and adults – should get
two doses of chickenpox vaccine if they have never had chickenpox or
were never vaccinated. Chickenpox vaccine is very safe and effective
at preventing the disease.
VACCINE
• CDC recommends two doses of chickenpox vaccine for children,
adolescents, and adults who have never had chickenpox and were
never vaccinated. Children are routinely recommended to receive the
first dose at age 12 through 15 months and the second dose at age 4
through 6 years.