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 K A P
• Knowledge

• Attitude

• Practices

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 Diseases Related to
Water

Water-borne Water-based
Diseases Diseases

Water-washed Water-related
Diseases Diseases

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 Water-borne Diseases

Diseases caused by ingestion of

water contaminated by human or
animal excrement, which contain
pathogenic microorganisms

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 Include cholera, typhoid, amoebic and
bacillary dysentery and other diarrheal
diseases, polio, hepatitis A, E

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 Diarrheal Diseases

• Giardiasis (Protozoan)
• Cryptosporidiosis (Bacteria)
• Campylobacteriosis (Bacteria)
• Shigellosis (Bacteria)
• Viral Gastroenteritis (Virus)
• Cyclosporiasis (Parasite)
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 In addition, water-borne disease
can be caused by the pollution of
water with chemicals that have
an adverse effect on health

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• Arsenic
• Flouride
• Nitrates from fertilizers
• Cancer causing pesticides (DDT etc.)
• Lead (from pipes)
• Heavy Metals

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 Water-washed Diseases

Diseases caused by poor personal

hygiene and skin and eye contact with
contaminated water

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 These include scabies, trachoma,
typhus, and other flea, lice and tick-
borne diseases.

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 Water-based Diseases

Diseases caused by parasites found in

intermediate organisms living in
contaminated water

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 Water-related Diseases

Water-related diseases are caused by

insect vectors, especially mosquitoes,
that breed or feed near contaminated
water.

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They are not typically associated with
lack of access to clean drinking water
or sanitation services

Include dengue, malaria, and yellow

fever etc.

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 The Problem

• ~80% of all infectious diseases

• > 5 million people die each year
• > 2 million die from water-related
diarrhea alone
• Most of those dying are small
children

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 Other Consequences-
economy

• Lost work days

• Missed educational opportunities
• Official and unofficial healthcare
costs
• Draining of family resources

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 Control & Prevention

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 Global

Governments

Communities

Individuals

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 Education Issues

• Hygiene education
• Good nutrition
• Improvements in habitation and
general sanitation
• Higher education training in water-
related issues

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 Communication and the
Media

• Impacts at all levels

• Very powerful, when others fail
• DO YOU THINK THEY ARE DOING
ENOUGH ??????

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 General
General Guidelines
Guidelines

• Avoid contacting soil that may be

contaminated with human feces.
• Do not defecate outdoors.
• Dispose of diapers properly.

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• Wash hands with soap and water
before handling food.
• When traveling to countries where
sanitation and hygiene are poor, avoid
water or food that may be
contaminated.
• Wash, peel or cook all raw vegetables
and fruits before eating.

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 A Simple

"Boil it, cook it, peel it, or

forget it"

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 Millennium Development Goals
set by the UN in 2000
Even if by the year 2015 the proportion
of people who are unable to reach or
to afford safe drinking water is
halved, between 34 and 76 million
people, mostly children, will die from
preventable water-borne diseases

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 Be like candles

thanks
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