Theme: The impact of the pandemic on

international tourism

Made by : Chiciorman Alina

SHTA 1801
Checked by: Corobcean Andrei
Tourism is among the global industries hardest hit by the
economic impact of the pandemic. Traditionally, the tourism and
recreation industry is influenced by external shocks - for
example, events occurring in specific host countries can lead to a
large-scale redistribution of travel to other resort regions.
However, shocks as powerful as the COVID-19 pandemic could
paralyze the global travel market indefinitely. Along with
epidemics of viral and infectious diseases, to exogenous factors,
oppressing the global hospitality industry, you can also include
military conflicts and terrorist threats, climatic changes and
natural disasters, sharp changes in the prices of oil and oil
products, currency fluctuations, financial and economic crises,
etc. . According to estimates by the United Nations World
Tourism Organization (UNWTO), in 2020 the number of
international tourists in the world may decrease by 20-30%
compared to the growth projected in early January of this year
by 3-4%. This, in turn, could lead to losses of the tourism
industry in the amount of $ 30-50 billion.
 Countering the spread of the pandemic, most countries have closed their air traffic and restricted the entry of
foreigners. The World Tourism Organization named the destinations that at the end of May completely closed
borders due to the coronavirus pandemic: Africa (74% of destinations), North and South America (86%), Asia
(67%), Europe (74%), Middle East (69%). Travel restrictions apply worldwide. In 185 directions out of 217
(85%), borders were fully or partially closed. Of these, 163 destinations were completely closed borders for
international tourists, including air, sea and land borders.
Overall, the COVID-19 crisis has led to
international distortions in the hospitality
industry and a significant downturn in the
European hospitality market. In the Asian
market, a forecast is spread according to
which the tourism sector of Vietnam will
suffer a loss of $ 5 billion if the COVID-19
pandemic continues in the second quarter of
2020. Moreover, in the Philippines, the
country's GDP is forecast to decrease by
0.3– 0.7%. In Russia, before the pandemic,
the share of tourism and related industries in
GDP was about 5% (5 trillion 442.9 billion
rubles), providing 5.6% of total employment
(more than 4 million people). The industry
is in crisis: the depth of cancellation of
bookings for tours in Russia is 3–6 months
(50–80%), in the case of outbound tourism,
cancellation of reservations is 100% with a
booking depth of 4–7 months.
Training companies in the tourism industry in the practice of creating new products, promotion, digital technologies. In Colombia, for travel companies, trainings on crisis
management, chats for monitoring the situation in tourism, a platform for answering questions from business representatives were launched.

Using the infrastructure of the tourism sector in the fight against coronavirus. In the United States, France, Great Britain, Portugal, Colombia, collective accommodation
facilities are provided to accommodate doctors, pandemic support personnel, etc.
Many EU countries, in accordance
with the recommendations of the
European Commission, begin to
gradually open their internal borders
- primarily for citizens of EU
countries. For example, the Czech
Republic lifts travel restrictions for
both its citizens to other EU
countries and for the entry of citizens
from these countries. This applies to
those EU member states that,
according to the Czech health
services, fall into the so-called
"green zone" (safe from an
epidemiological point of view).
Arriving from the so-called "yellow
zone", including from France, Italy
and Spain, will have to carry a
medical certificate confirming the
absence of coronavirus. France
opened its borders to all EU
countries, and in addition to Andorra,
Great Britain, Iceland, Monaco,
Norway, Switzerland and the
Vatican. In the case of Spain and the
UK there is a two-week quarantine.
Germany has lifted restrictions on
EU countries, the UK and
Switzerland.
Tourist market participants should focus on
domestic tourism, as it will recover faster than
outbound tourism. At the same time, negative
factors are a decrease in the purchasing power of
the population, as well as a fear of infection,
forcing potential tourists to avoid large crowds.
Respectively. The sanitary and epidemiological
protection of resort areas should be given much
more attention than before. The coronavirus
crisis will reinforce the trends observed in recent
years: a decrease in organized tourism and
commitment to tour packages, an increase in eco-
tourism, an increase in the use of digital
technologies, the use of online aggregators and
platforms, individualization and personalization
of offers, etc.
The
The effects
effects on
on global
global mobility
mobility are
are also
also higher
higher than
than in
in the
the case
case of
of Another
Another channel
channel of
of impact,
impact, which
which in
in principle
principle already
already worked
worked during
during the
the SARS
SARS epidemic,
epidemic, but
but
SARS
SARS because
because China
China isis now
now more
more closely
closely linked
linked to
to the
the global
global which
which isis likely
likely to
to have
have become
become more
more critical,
critical, isis the
the rapid
rapid dissemination
dissemination of
of reports
reports (and
(and false
false
economy
economy than
than itit was
was then.
then. Production
Production losses
losses in
in China
China can,
can, reports)
reports) about
about the
the COVID-19
COVID-19 pandemic
pandemic on
on social
social media.
media. ItIt may
may unsettle
unsettle consumers
consumers even
even in
in
therefore,
therefore, interrupt
interrupt global
global value
value chains.
chains.Also,
Also, China
China plays
plays aa more
more countries
countries that
that are
are only
only marginally
marginally affected
affected by
by the
the pandemic
pandemic and
and can
can also
also dampen
dampen economic
economic
significant
significant role
role in
in tourism,
tourism, which
which reacted
reacted particularly
particularly sensitively
sensitively activity
activity there.
there.
during
during the
the SARS
SARS epidemic.
epidemic. According
According to
to the
the World
World Tourism
Tourism
Organization
Organization (UNWTO),
(UNWTO), Chinese
Chinese tourists
tourists spent
spent the
the equivalent
equivalent of
of
$$ 277
277 billion
billion abroad
abroad in
in 2018;
2018; itit isis announced
announced to
to be
be 21%
21% of
of global
global
travel
travel spending
spending by
by UNWTO.
UNWTO. Now,
Now, recent
recent travel
travel restrictions
restrictions due
due
to
to pandemic,
pandemic, not
not just
just the
the mobility
mobility of
of the
the Chinese
Chinese tourist
tourist but
but also
also
international
international mobility
mobility ceased
ceased to
to exist.
exist. The
The restrictions
restrictions will
will hit
hit
tourism
tourism revenues,
revenues, compellingly,
compellingly, since
since tourism
tourism isis now
now aa more
more
significant
significant economic
economic factor
factor than
than at
at the
the beginning
beginning of
of the
the
millennium.
millennium. In
In Thailand,
Thailand, e.g.,
e.g., tourism
tourism revenue
revenue accounted
accounted for
for
around
around 11%
11% of
of GDP
GDP in
in 2018;
2018; ten
ten years
years ago,
ago, itit was
was only
only 6%.
6%.