THE CELL

Prepared by:

Tio Magdalena Manurung, B.Sc.

Questions:

1. Have you ever wondered what your body

are made up of?

2. What do you know about cell?

INTRODUCTION
What is cell?
Organic
Cell chemistry
compound
Cell Inorganic

Prokaryotic
Cell type Animal
Eukaryotic
Plant
Let’s read a comic!

Write down the important information that you

can derive from the given comic strip!
 Historical Development of Cell
Theory

• Many scientists contributed to the cell theory

 Anton van Leeuwenheok (1632-1723)

• He invented the first microscope.

• Dutch scientist who was the first to see
bacteria and protists.
Leeuwenhoek’s Microscope
 Robert Hooke (1635-1703)

• He observed that cork has small regular boxes

in it that he called “cells”.
 Hooke’s cork cells

• He observed a thin slice of cork tissue with

a simple microscope. He saw the slice as
being similar to a spider web. He also
observed similar structures in other plant
tissue that look like little rooms and called it
as cells (cellula = small room).
 Theodor Schwann and Matthias
Schleiden stated that all living things
are made of cells. (1839)

Matthias Schleiden Theodor Schwann

(plants) (animals)
 Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902)
• German scientist who
discovered that all cells
come from pre-existing
cells.
 Cell Theory
(based on 200+ years of discoveries)

1. All living things are composed of cells

2. Cells are the basic unit of structure &
function of all living things
3. New cells are produced from existing
cells
CELL THEORY

General accepted parts of modern cell theory are as follows:

• All living things are made up of one or more cells.
• All living cells come from per-existing cells, by division.
• The cell is the fundamental, structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
• The activity of an organism is the total activity of the independent cells of the
organism.
• All energy flow of life occurs within the cell.
• The cells contain hereditary information and is passed from one to another
during cell division.
• The chemical composition of cell are basically the same in organisms of similar
species.
Review: Magic Boxes

Instructions:
• Count 1-5 to make the groupings.
• Each member may only answer once.
• Group discussion is allowed, but during the recitation no coaching is
allowed.
• The fastest member (leader) that raise his/hand will be given the turn.
Review: Magic Boxes

1 2 3

4 5
1. Who is he?
2. What is his
contribution in
cell theory
development?
ANSWER BACK
 2. Mention at least three cell
theories!

ANSWER BACK
Explain this picture!
Who is the scientist
behind this
discovery?
ANSWER BACK
If you were a scientist, what tool
will you use to observe a cell?
Why?
BACK
ANSWER
Who is the German
scientist that
discovered that all
cells come from pre-
existing cells?
ANSWER BACK
 How to observe CELL?

MICROSCOPE
Light microscope: 2000x
magnification

Electron microscope:
500.000-1.000.000x
magnification
Magnification: is simply the number of times an image's size
is enlarged
Electron microscopes have much higher magnification than light
microscopes

Resolution: describes the ability of an imaging system to

show detail in the object that is being imaged.
Electron microscopes have much higher resolution than light microscopes
 Chemical Components of Cell

Element, e.g. carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen,

phosphor and sulfur
Compound, e.g.. Water

atom  element  molecule  compound

Organic Inorganic
VIDEO
Chemical Components of Cell
• Protoplasm: contain organic & inorganic
compound
• Organic:
• Carbohydrate: C, H, O  energy resource
• Lipid: C, H, O  energy storage
• Protein: C, H, O, N  cell membrane & organelles
former
• Nucleic acid: composing genetic material (DNA &
RNA)