Week 3 : Verbs

GERUNDS AND
INFINITIVES
By Ms. Nurshahirah | Proficiency English II
Which sentence is correct?

1. I suggested going to dinner.

2. I suggested to go to dinner.

Sentence 1 is correct, because you can only use

a gerund after the verb “suggest”.
Which sentence is correct?

1. I like to run.
2. I like running.

Both sentences are correct. You can use either

a gerund or an infinitive after the verb ‘like’.
Intro

 In English, often verbs are

followed by another action.
 We have to choose to use
either an infinitive or a gerund.
What is a Gerund?

 The –ing form of a verb.

 Functions the same as a noun.

I enjoy running.
(verb) (gerund)
What is an Infinitive?

A form of a verb which appear

either:
 As the bare form  “I might run to
the store.”
 With the word ‘to’  “I like to run.”
WHEN TO USE GERUNDS?
WHEN TO USE INFINITIVES?
We use gerunds (verb + ing):

 After a certain verbs/talking about an activity

 “I enjoy singing.”… “We will go shopping.”
 After prepositions
 “I ate before leaving the house.”
 As the subject or object of a sentence
 “Swimming is a good exercise.”
Some of the most common verbs followed by
the gerund:

Admit Deny Finish Miss

Avoid Discuss Get used to Remember
Be used to Dislike Imagine Recommend
Can’t help End up Keep Suggest
Look
Can’t stand Enjoy Stop
forward to
Consider Feel like Mind quit
We use ‘to’ + infinitive:

 After certain verbs

 “We decided to leave.”
 After many adjectives
 “It’s difficult to get up early.”
 After ‘to’+ infinitive
 “I came to London to study Physics.”
We use the bare infinitive:

 After modal verbs

 “I can meet you during lunch.”
 After ‘let’, ‘make’ and (sometimes) ‘help’
 “The teacher let us leave early”
 “This helps keep the chicks warm.”
Some of the most common verbs followed by
the to+infinitive:

afford learn choose refuse

agree manage wait expect
ask offer seem claim
decide plan deserve
help promise pretend
hope demand tend
Exercise: Choose the correct verb, either
the gerund (ing) or the infinitive forms (to).
1. She avoided _telling/to tell__(tell) him about the plans.

2. He enjoys _to have/having_(have) a bath in the evening.

3. She kept _to talk/talking_(talk) during the film.

4. I am learning __to speak/speaking__(speak) English.

5. Do you mind __to give/giving_(give) me a hand?

6. She helped me __to carry/carrying__(carry) my suitcases.

7. I’ve finished __to cook/cooking__(cook) so come and eat!

8. He decided ___to study/studying___(study) biology.

9. She agreed __to bring/bringing__(bring) the pudding to the dinner.

10. I don’t recommend __to take/taking__(take) the bus. It takes forever!

THE CHANGING OF
MEANINGS
For these, you can use either a gerund/infinite
but it will change the meaning:

 Forget
 I forget reading about this. (memory)
 I forgot to call my mother. (things to do)
 Stop
 I stopped smoking. (stop doing the gerund)
 I stopped to smoke. (stop to do the infinitve)
 Remember
 I remember going to the beach when I was a child. (memory)
 I remembered to send a card to her grandmother.(things to do)
 Exercise:
1. You should stop ______(smoke), it’s not good for your
health.
2. We stopped _______(study) because we were tired.
3. They will stop _______(have) lunch at twelve.
4. We stopped _______(have) a rest because we were really
sleepy.
5. Oh no! I forgot ______(buy) milk.
6. Please don’t forget _______(pick up) some juice on your way
home.
7. Have we studied this before? I’ve forgotten _____(learn) it.
8. Please remember _____(bring) your homework.
9. Finally I remember _______(bring) your book! Here it is.
10. Do you remember _______(eat) steak in that little
restaurant in Rome?
NOW, LISTEN TO A STORY
PROPERLY
Remember the verbs mentioned in the story
chronologically.
 Teresa’s boyfriend Bernardo is gaining weight. She wanted him __________
__________ fast food.  He agreed _________ __________ healthily. A few weeks
passed. Teresa expected Bernardo ___________ weight, but nothing changed.
She noticed that sometimes he would smell like hamburgers. She
started __________ that he had broken his promise ___________ well.

One day, she followed him home from work. She saw him pass by
McDonalds, but then he stopped _________. He hesitated _______ in, but he
finally did. After a few minutes, she decided _________ him in. She caught
him _________ a Big Mac. She attempted _________ it from him, but she
couldn’t manage _________ it out of his greasy hands. He tried _________ her
away, but he accidentally hit her in the face. Naturally, she got angry. He said
that he didn’t mean _________ her, but she started _________. They both got
kicked out of the restaurant. Now they refuse _________ to each other.
Activity: Write a Story!

 Open the forum task on e-learning.

 Get the worksheet and write a short story using
the words given. Use the verbs appropriately,
apply gerund or infinitives (bare or to-) correctly.
 Upload the story to my forum post.