Review of Related

Literature
 Hello!

I am Jenilyn E. Samaco
MAEd - Math

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Literature Review

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Definition - It is the selection and annotation of available
documents (both published and unpublished), which
contain information, ideas, data and evidence related
to the topic that a person proposes to research on.

- “the use of ideas in the literature to justify the particular

approach to the topic, the selection of methods, and
demonstration that this research contributes something
new. (Hart, 1998)”
n.

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Functions of Literature Review

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Functions of ▹ It provides a theoretical background to your
Literature study.
Review
▹ It helps you establish the links between what you
are proposing to examine and what has already
been studied.
▹ It enables you to show how your findings have
contributed to the existing body of knowledge in
your profession. It helps you to integrate your
research findings into the existing body of
knowledge.

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In relation to your own study, it
can help in four ways:

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1. bring clarity and focus to
your research problem

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2. Improve your research
methodology

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3. broaden your knowledge
base on your research area

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4. contextualize your findings

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How to review the Literature

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 Four steps
involve in
conducting a
literature
review Searching
for the
Reviewing Developing a Developing
existing
the selected theoretical a conceptual
literature in
literature. framework. framework.
your area of
study.

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1. Searching for
the existing
literature in
your area of
study.

Books Journal Internet

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  Note whether the knowledge relevant to your theoretical
framework has been confirmed beyond doubt.
2. Reviewing
 Note the theories put forward, the criticisms of these and
the selected their basis, the methodologies adopted (study design,
literature. sample size and its characteristics, measurement
procedures, etc.) and the criticisms of them.

 Examine to what extent the findings can be generalized to

other situations.

 Notice where there are significant differences of

opinion among researchers and give your opinion about
the validity of these differences.

 Ascertain the areas in which little or nothing is known –

the gaps that exist in the body of knowledge.

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3. Developing
a theoretical
framework.

 consists of the theories or issues

in which your study is embedded

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4. Developing  is the basis of your research problem.
a conceptual
 It stems from the theoretical framework and
framework. usually focuses on the section(s) which
become the basis of your study. Whereas the
theoretical framework consists of the theories or
issues in which your study is embedded, the
conceptual framework describes the aspects you
selected from the theoretical framework to
become the basis of your inquiry.

 grows out of the theoretical framework and

relates to the specific research problem.

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Delimiting the Review

How much literature to review?

The sky is NOT the limit.

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Characteristics
 Provide parameters  The text of the
of the Review review should be
 Have a plan on
around your how you are to
literature review, so brief and to the
present the review.
that you don’t review point.
ad infinitum.

 Emphasize  Review the literature,

relatedness don’t reproduce it

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Approaches to writing a
Review

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 Sample Outline:
1. Chronological A. Introduction
B. Recent literature and
Literature and studies are presented studies
according to the year they were written. C. Least recent literature
and studies
D. Synthesis of the
Review

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 Sample Outline:
2. Thematic A. Introduction
B. Studies on
Literature and studies with the same findings independent variable
are grouped together. C. Studies on major
dependent variable
D. Synthesis of the
Review

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 Sample Outline:
3. Country of Origin A. Introduction
B. Foreign studies
Literature and studies are categorized based on the C. Local studies
country/continent where they came from. D. Synthesis of the
Review

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• It is in the introduction where you make your readers
aware of your approach in presenting the related
literature;

• It is the synthesis where you specify the uniqueness of

your study vis-à-vis the literature you had just discussed in
the review.

Some notes in writing the review

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 “
Tips and Toes

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Tips and •write references in 3x5 index cards in APA Style; take note
Toes of page #s, keywords, ideas in each reference so that its
easy to go back to

•group together references from:

a. books
b. journals and periodicals
c. unpublished researches
▹ (dissertation/theses)
d. newspapers/magazines

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Tips and What to include in the review:
Consider what material is to be extracted
Toes from a previous study or a journal article

• Potential points to be “extracted” for RRL:

 problem being addressed
 central topic/purpose or theme of the study
 Briefly state information about the sample,
subjects of the study
 review key results/conclusions of the study
 methodology –strengths and/or flaws

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Tips and
Toes To avoid plagiarism:
 review the literature, don’t
reproduce it.
 refrain from copying verbatim what authors
and researchers say;
 paraphrasing the literature in your own
words also helps your analysis of the text
 make sure that the source of text or idea is
also indicated with your notes.

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Tips and Sourcing from WWW:
Toes  Credibility
 Content
 Currency
 Construction
 Connectivity

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References

 http://
www.sociology.kpi.ua/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Ranjit_
Kumar-Research_Methodology_A_Step-by-Step_G.pdf

 https://www.slideshare.net/riccikhan/review-of-related-
literaturethesis-guide?qid=77bd409e-131e-4b27-80bf-
822accfe4742&v=&b=&from_search=12

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 Thanks!

Any questions?

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