Learning and Technology

Fall, 2019
Behavior Theory Part 1
Note - Office hours: 2:00 - 3:30, T/TH
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_bnnmWYI0lM
 Nudges, Nudge: “Any aspect of the choice architecture that
Boosts, &
Persuasive alters people’s behavior in a predictable way
Technology without forbidding any options or significantly
changing their economic incentives.”
Example: Apple / Chips
 Nudges, Boost: “interventions that target competences rather
Boosts, &
Persuasive than immediate behavior”
Technology

Example: Money & Drawer heuristic

 Persuasive In particular, the development of new sensor
Technology
technologies and algorithms that allow for context-
aware computing, will make it possible to infer
elements of a person’s context and activity, and
deliver appropriate persuasive health-related
messages to that person at the right time when
decisions are made or behaviour is executed, i.e.,
just-in-time messaging.

Example: PowerHome
But... 1) Sensing technology requires complex intelligent
inference
2) Behavior is difficult to change
3) Ethics
 Stimulus, response, and
learned automatic behavior

“ can be used to characterize

and influence daily life
(through nudges, boosts,
feedback)...
Quickly answer the following question...
A bat and ball cost ¥110.
The bat costs ¥100 more than the ball.
How much does the ball cost?
System 1 & System 1 is efficient and maintains a model of the
System 2
world

System 2 is used when the system 1’s model doesn’t

work and requires attention and effort.
 READ THE TEXT ON THE

“
NEXT SLIDES AS
QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE
OUT LOUD
“ GREEN
“ RED
“ BLUE
“ BLACK
 SAY THE COLOR OF THE

“ TEXT AS QUICKLY AS
POSSIBLE
“ XYTP
“ AAOI
“ YPWQ
“ GREEN
“ RED
“ BLUE
“ BLACK
“ 緑
“ 赤
“ 黒
 You see a nice wallet
advertised as 250 JPY, upon

“ entering the store you find

out that it is actually 500
JPY. Do you buy it?
 You are buying a new
backpack and it cost 10000

“
JPY. There is a special - if
you pay 10500 JPY you can
also get a wallet. Do you get
the backpack and wallet?
 I give you 1000 JPY and give
you a quiz. You have to pay
me 100 JPY back every time

“
you get a question wrong.
OR
I give you 100 JPY for every
question you get right.
System 1 & System 1 & System 2 interact efficiently and well
System 2
(usually).
System 1 (Fast)
DEFINING CHARACTERISTICS:
unconscious, automatic, effortless
WITHOUT self-awareness or control
“What you see is all there is.”
ROLE: Assesses the situation, delivers
updates
Makes 97% of all our thinking
System 2 (Slow)
DEFINING CHARACTERISTICS:
deliberate and conscious, effortful,
controlled mental process, rational
thinking
WITH self-awareness or control, logical
and skeptical
ROLE: seeks new/missing information,
makes decisions
Makes 3% if all our thinking
Groups of 1) What was difficult about the reading?
3 or 4
2) What was important about the reading?
3) What was interesting about the reading?

Did you agree with any of the habits?

Disagree with them?
How difficult are they to implement in your life?
Reflection Describe one behavior change you want to see
happen on campus. What are people doing now?
What should they be doing?
Propose (describe) a “nudge” a “boost” or
technology that provides feedback that would
encourage people to make that behavior change.