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    This document discusses the differences between formal and informal language in writing. It begins by defining register as the level of formality of language used for a particular purpose or social setting. It then provides examples of differences in formality in salutations and closures for both written and spoken communication. The document goes on to explain that academic writing typically falls on a spectrum between formal and informal register, depending on factors like genre and intended audience. It provides guidelines on some key differences between formal and informal language, such as complexity of sentence structure, use of contractions, objective vs subjective language, avoidance of colloquialisms, vocabulary choice, and use of discipline-specific terms.

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    This document discusses the differences between formal and informal language in writing. It begins by defining register as the level of formality of language used for a particular purpose or social setting. It then provides examples of differences in formality in salutations and closures for both written and spoken communication. The document goes on to explain that academic writing typically falls on a spectrum between formal and informal register, depending on factors like genre and intended audience. It provides guidelines on some key differences between formal and informal language, such as complexity of sentence structure, use of contractions, objective vs subjective language, avoidance of colloquialisms, vocabulary choice, and use of discipline-specific terms.

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    21 views8 pages

    GEC1033 Register and Style SS

    Uploaded by

    黄可惊
    This document discusses the differences between formal and informal language in writing. It begins by defining register as the level of formality of language used for a particular purpose or social setting. It then provides examples of differences in formality in salutations and closures for both written and spoken communication. The document goes on to explain that academic writing typically falls on a spectrum between formal and informal register, depending on factors like genre and intended audience. It provides guidelines on some key differences between formal and informal language, such as complexity of sentence structure, use of contractions, objective vs subjective language, avoidance of colloquialisms, vocabulary choice, and use of discipline-specific terms.

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    Register and Style

    GEC1033 ENGLISH FOR EFFECTIVE


    COMMUNICATION
    When discussing the register of a word, we refer to the use of language for
    a particular purpose or in a particular social setting, that is, its level of
    formality. The English language is no exception when it comes to
    language variation and style and it is important to recognise the
    differences and just as important to know the differences.
    Consider the table below and the grade differences ranging from very
    formal to casual in salutations and closures in both spoken and written
    discourse.

    Very Formal Neutral Informal Very


    formal informal,
    casual
    How do Hello Hello Hi What's
    you do up! / Hey!
    An important feature of writing at university is its style and
    register. The choice of register for a particular text or part
    of text will vary depending on the genre and who will be
    reading the text. Therefore, knowing the targeted audience
    before starting the writing process, will have an impact on
    the stylistic choices.
    When referring to register in writing, the choices are
    usually 'familiar', 'informal', 'formal' and 'ceremonial'.
    However, the two registers that are commonly crossed
    in academic writing are generally between formal and
    informal; therefore, a standard guideline of the stylistic
    differences between the two have been provided, plus a
    simple guide of cross registering examples.
    Spoken Discourse
    O a. Spoken discourse contains more repetition,
    hesitations, and redundancy because it is
    produced in real time (i.e. on the spot).
    O b. Spoken discourse has many pauses and
    fillers, such as „hhh‟, „er‟ and „you know‟ so
    that speakers give themselves time to think
    about what they want to say.
    Formal vs. informal
    Formal language makes use of complex sentence
    structures
    (1) In 2001, the bridge was built. This was good politically. Two
    countries united. = Informal
    (2) The bridge was completed in 2001, which resulted in a
    positive political move that united two countries. = Formal

    Formal language does not use contractions


    (3) When considering staffing in hospitals in the future, it's
    difficult not be concerned. = Informal
    (4) When considering staffing in hospitals in the future, it is
    difficult not be concerned. = Formal
    Formal language is objective
    (5) I think/believe that the issue of global warming will be the
    primary concern at the meeting. = Informal
    (6) There is little doubt/It is clear that  the issue of global
    warming will be the primary concern at the meeting. =Formal

    Formal language does not use colloquialisms (language


    which is common to spoken English)
    (7) Sweden's Prime Minister, Fredrik Reinfeldt, totally flipped
    out when he read the latest report from the press. = Informal
    (8) The Prime Minister of Sweden, Fredrik Reinfeldt, expressed
    his concern when he viewed the most recent report from the
    press. = Formal
    Formal language focuses more on vocabulary choice
    (9) The research assistant checked out the incident and got back to him the next day. = Informal
    (10) The research assistant investigated the incident and reported to him the following day. = Formal

    Formal language makes use of the discipline specific vocabulary


    (11) Germs grow well in dirty and warm temperatures. = Informal
    (12) Bacteria thrive in unhygienic and warm conditions.= Formal
    THE END
    THANK YOU

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