Verbs

What is an action verb?

Definition: A verb that shows action is
called an action verb.
It tells the subjects actions, events, or
state of being.
It is always found in the predicate of a
sentence.

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The words are action verbs:
ran
coughed
swallowed
ride sang
awake
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Can you find the action verb in each sentence?
1. The girls danced in the recital.
2. Our mailman drove a funny car last week.
3. His teacher wrote the answers on the board.
4. Alice worked on her homework last night.

Move On
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Verbs and tenses
1. Present Simple
2. Present Continuous/Progressive
3. Present Perfect
4. Present Perfect Continuous/Progressive
5. Past Simple
6. Past Continuous/Progressive
7. Past Perfect
8. Past Perfect Continuous/Progressive
9. Future Simple
10.Future Perfect
11.Future Continuous/Progressive
12.Future Perfect Continuous/Progressive
Present Simple Verb Tense
When you use present simple, you are using a routine. It’s something that you
always do every day, month or year. Or it’s something that you never do.
PRESENT VERB TENSE EXAMPLES:
I, You, We, They: travel every day.
He, She, It: travels every day.
Present Continuous/Progressive Verb Tense
When you use present continuous, you are referring to what is happening right
now. Also, it can be an action that is not yet complete.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS/PROGRESSIVE EXAMPLES:
I: am traveling right now.
You, We, They: are traveling right now.
He, She, It: is traveling right now.
Present Perfect Verb Tense
Although it’s easy to confuse this verb tense with present simple, the main
difference is that the action is complete for present perfect. In other words, you
are looking at the result right now without any words referring to time.
PRESENT PERFECT EXAMPLES:
I, You, We, They: have traveled to France.
He, She, It: has traveled to France.
Present Perfect Continuous/Progressive Verb Tense
In this verb tense, an action starts in the past but it’s still continuing now. You
have been performing the action and still are performing the action in the
present.
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS/PROGRESSIVE EXAMPLES:
I, You, We, They: have been traveling for a day.
He, She, It: has been traveling for a day.
Past Simple Verb Tense
For past simple, it includes a finished action and time.
PAST SIMPLE EXAMPLES:
I, You, We, They, He, She, It: traveled to France yesterday.
Past Continuous/Progressive Verb Tense
When you use past continuous, you are often using two actions. However, one
action is not finished in the past, and another is complete interrupting the other
action.
PAST CONTINUOUS/PROGRESSIVE EXAMPLES:
I, He, She, It: was traveling by bus when the deer crossed the road.
You, We, They: were traveling when the deer crossed the road.
Past Perfect Verb Tense
This verb tense uses two actions at two different times. Before the second action
occurs, the first action is complete.
PAST PERFECT EXAMPLES:
I, You, We, They, He, She, It: had traveled by car when the bus arrived.
Past Perfect Continuous/Progressive Verb Tense
For colloquial English, we don’t use past perfect continuous very often. But in
text books, it’s a bit more common. This very tense has a complete action that
happened before a second action. But in this case, you can describe how long.
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS/PROGRESSIVE EXAMPLES:
I, You, We, They, He, She, It: had been traveling for one hour when the car broke
down.
Future Simple Verb Tense
This verb tense is about planning things to do in the future. For example, what
will you do tomorrow or next week?
Instead of using “will”, you can use “going to” for future tense.
FUTURE SIMPLE EXAMPLES:
I, You, We, They, He, She, It: will travel to France tomorrow.
Future Continuous/Progressive Verb Tense
The action is not complete, when another action happens in the future. This is
similar to past continuous, but it refers to the future.
FUTURE CONTINUOUS/PROGRESSIVE EXAMPLES:
I, You, We, They, He, She, It: will be traveling when you arrive.
Future Perfect Verb Tense
An action will be completed in the future before another is completed.
FUTURE PERFECT EXAMPLES:
I, You, We, They, He, She, It: will have traveled to France by the time you arrive.
Future Perfect Continuous/Progressive Verb Tense
An action will be continuing in the future when it is interrupted by another
action. In this future verb tense, it often includes an indication of how long the
action has been happening.
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS/PROGRESSIVE EXAMPLES:
I, You, We, They, He, She, It: will have been traveling for one hour when you
I will have been studying English for three years by the end of this coursearrive.
Auxiliary verbs
An auxiliary verb (or a helping verb as it's also called) is used with a
main verb to help express the main verb's tense, mood, or voice. The
main auxiliary verbs are to be, to have, and to do. They appear in the following
forms: To Be: am, is, are, was, were, being, been, will be.
23 Auxiliary Verbs
may be do should have will
might being does could had can
must  been did would has shall
am
are
is
was
were

(main) (main) (main)

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Auxiliary Verbs
A sentence may contain up to two or three auxiliary verbs before the main verb:
The dog must have been chasing the cat. (3)
He has been reciting the Holy Quran in the mosque for two hours. (2)

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Adverbs
An adverb is a word that is used to change, modify or qualify several types of
words including an adjective, a verb, a clause, another adverb, or any other
type of word or phrase, with the exception of determiners and adjectives, that
directly modify nouns. A good way to understand adverbs is to think about them
as the words that provide context. Specifically, adverbs provide a description of
how, where, when, in what manner and to what extent something is done or
happens. Normally, we can spot an adverb by the fact that it often ends in –
ly, but there are lots of adverbs that don’t end in this way.
5 Types of Adverbs
Adverbs of Degree
For adverbs that answer “how much” or to “what extent”, the are adverbs of degree. For
example, they usually modify other verbs, adjectives or adverbs making them stronger or
weaker.
These types of adverbs modify adjectives but not the other way around. In other words, adverbs
can combine with other adverbs to put more emphasis on the verb. When you use ‘more’,
‘most’ and ‘least’, they can show degree when describing a verb.
ADVERBS OF DEGREE EXAMPLES:
He’s very good at playing the piano.
She’s almost always late arriving at school.
It’s pretty interesting to see the history of China.
The English test was extremely difficult.
When he wears his running shoes, he moves more quickly among everyone.
Adverbs of Frequency
Adverbs of frequency express “how often” something takes place. In other words, it
explains the intensity of occurrence that an event happens. Adverbs of frequency are
usually in this form: Subject + Adverb + Verb

Adverb of Frequency How Often

Never 0%
Hardly Ever 10%
Rarely 20%
Seldom 30%
Occasionally 40%
Sometimes 50%
Often 60%
Frequently 70%
Usually 90%
Always 100%
In addition, adverbs like “daily”, “weekly”, “monthly” and “yearly” describe
frequency. But these adverbs of frequency answer “how often” in a more
specific way.
ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY EXAMPLES:
I usually go to the gym on weekends.
She always wake up at 7:00 am.
The family rarely eat brown rice for dinner.
I never take sick days.
Adverbs of Manner
Adverbs of manner express how something happens. In most cases for adverbs of
manner, you can take an adjective and simply add -ly to form an adverb. For
example, if you take take the sentence – “The cat is quick (adjective).”
Instead of describing a noun, an adverb describes or modifies a verb. In this case,
the noun is the word ‘cat’. Because adverbs describe verbs, you need to add a verb
in the sentence. For example, you can use the verb “to run” in this form – “The cat
runs quickly.”
Adverbs of manner tell us the way or how to do something. However, not all
adverbs end with -ly. For example, the words ‘fast’ and ‘well’ describe verbs but do
not end in -ly.
ADVERBS OF MANNER EXAMPLES:
The cat runs quickly.
She plays the violin terribly.
The horse moved fast.
She plays the piano well.
Adverbs of Place
Adverbs of Place describe “where” an action takes place. In addition, we usually find
adverbs of place after the main verb.
For example, “indoors”, “next week” and “still” all describe where something
happens. Again, we often find these adverbs of place after a verb in a sentence.
ADVERBS OF PLACE EXAMPLES:
If you want to see the hot air balloon, you will have to go outside.
When she entered the classroom, she sat down.
I searched everywhere but I couldn’t find him.
He walks downstairs to meet his father.
Adverbs of Time
As with all adverbs, they tell us more about the verb. For adverbs of time, they tell us when
the verb happened or will happen. For example, “afterwards”, “every day” and “recently’ are
adverbs of time and describe “when”.
On the other hand, adverbs of time can describe the duration of an event occurs. Also, it can
show when an action is complete.
ADVERBS OF TIME EXAMPLES:
We’ll go to the festival tomorrow.
Yesterday, we played in the basketball tournament.
She’ll eventually finish studying and go to university.
They ate popcorn and watched movies all day.
Adverb Sentences Answer Key
1. Cheetah’s run quickly / slowly in the jungle.
2. Sloths climb lazily / enthusiastically up trees.
3. Mozart played the piano terribly / beautifully.
4. If students fall asleep on class, my teacher calmly / angrily asks them to wake up.
5. Students have to whisper loudly / quietly in the library.
6. When playing darts, you have to throw accurately / randomly in the middle of the dart board.
7. When you bake cookies, you have to carefully / casually follow instructions.
8. Mother lions bravely / timidly protect their babies.
9. During a driving test, you should drive aggressively / cautiously.
10. For friends, we want to resolve any arguments peacefully / violently
Adverb Quiz Answer Key
1. Angry = Angrily
2. Quick = Quickly
3. Smooth = Smoothly
4. Good = Well
5. Dangerous = Dangerously
6. Fast = Fast
7. Brave = Bravely
8. Enthusiastic = Enthusiastically
9. Suspicious = Suspiciously
10. Quiet = Quietly
11. Beautiful = Beautifully
12. Hard = Hard
13. Happy = Happily
14. Gentle = Gently
15. High = High
16. Slow = Slowly
17. Aggressive = Aggressively
18. Easy = Easily
19. Peaceful = Peacefully
20. Lively = Lively