BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

FILIPINO PEOPLE

DR. LINDA V. QUICOSA

 ASSIGN 9-10-20
 DISCUSS THE THREE THEORIES

ABOUT THE ORIGIN OF THE

PHILIPPINES.
 CHAPTER 1-LAND & PEOPLE
 Geography

 TheRepublic of the Philippines is an archipelago

composed of 7,11O islands and islets. It belongs to
the Northern Hemisphere as it lies a little above the
equator.
 The Philippine islands stretch out in the western
Pacific Ocean about 1OO miles south of Taiwan
[Nationalist China].
 Knownas the “Pearl of the Orient”, it is part of the
Southeast Asian region and a member of the ASEAN.
 Thenational territory is approximately 114,83O
sq. miles, which makes her larger than New
Zealand, Greece or Great Britain.

 Most of the Filipinos live in the eleven largest

islands. The largest island is the Luzon [4O,814
sq. miles] bigger than Austria or Hungary. The
second largest island is Mindanao [36,9O6 sq.
miles].

 TheMindanao or Philippine Deep, an ocean

trench w/ depths of 35,OOO feet is considered
as one of the lowest depths in the world.
 The third largest island is Samar w/ an area
seven times smaller than Mindanao.

 Forty-five islands in the archipelago account for

the 98% of the land area and the 2% to be
shared by the 7,OOO smaller islands and islets.

 The Philippines has numerous mountains and

volcanoes. Mt. Apo [9,5OO ft] in Mindanao is the
highest peak.

 The Sierra Madre is considered as the longest

mountain ranges in the Philippines, and it
crosses the eastern part of the province of
Quezon, Isabela and Cagayan.
 The Western Caraballo mountain ranges. w/c divide
itself into Northern Cordillera and Central Cordillera
cross from north to south the provinces of Luzon
[Abra, Benguet, Kalinga-Apayao, Ifugao and Mt.
Province] located west of the Cagayan River.

 The Carballo de Baler starts from Baler, Quezon and

ends in San Bernardino. This mountain range
includes Mayon Volcano [Albay] and Bulusan
Volcano [Sorsogon].

 Smaller
mountain ranges are the Zambales range,
w/c begins at Cape Bolinao and ends in Bataan and
the Tagaytay Ridge, w/c crosses the province of
Batangas.
 Mt. Halcon in Mindoro and Mt. Kanlaon in
Negros are parts of small mountain ranges
w/c are found in these island provinces.

 RIVERS AND PLAINS

 Luzon has the Cagayan River, the country’s

longest, w/c drains the Cagayan Valley; the
Agno River w/c, drains Benguet, Nueva Ecija,
Pangasinan and Tarlac; the Abra River w/c
drains Abra and Bontoc provinces, and the
Pampanga River w/c drains the valleys of
Pampanga, Nueva Ecija and Bulacan.
 The most important and the largest single
plain area in the Philippines is the Central
Plain of Luzon, one of the densely populated
centers in the country.

 The Cagayan Valley in Northern Luzon is the

second largest plain in the archipelago, w/c
lies between Sierra Madre and the Cordillera
Central and has an area of about 12O miles
from the north to south, and 2O miles in
width.
 COASTLINE and marine resource areas
o The REGIONS

o There are 13 regions, 2 autonomous regions,

and a National Capital Region in the Philippines.
As of 2OO4, there are 81 provinces, 12O cities,
and 15OO towns in the country.

o Region 1-Ilocos Norte [Laoag City], Ilocos Sur

[Vigan], La Union [San Fernando] and Pangasinan
[Lingayen]

o Region II- Batanes [Basco], Cagayan

[Tuguegarao], Isabela [Ilagan], Nueva Viscaya
[Bayombong] Quirino [Cabarroguis]
o Region III- Bataan [Balanga], Bulacan
[Malolos], Nueva Ecija [Palayan City],
Pampanga [San Fernando], Tarlac [Tarlac],
Zambales [Iba], Aurora [Baler]

o Region IV-A- CALABARZON- Cavite [Trece

Martires], Laguna [Sta Cruz], Batangas
[Batangas City], Rizal [Pasig], Quezon [Lucena
City]

o Region IV-B [MIMAROPA]- Mindoro

Occidental [Mamburao], Mindoro Oriental
[Calapan City], Marinduque [Boac], Romblon
[Romblon], Palawan [Puerto Princesa]
o Region V- Albay [Legaspi City], Camarines
Norte [Daet], Camarines Sur [Naga City],
Catanduanes [Virac], Masbate [Masbate],
Sorsogon [Sorsogon]

o Region VI- Aklan [Kalibo], Antique [San Jose],

Capiz [Roxas City], Guimaras [Jordan], Iloilo
[Iloilo City], Negros Occidental [Bacolod]

o Region VII – Bohol [Tagbilaran City], Cebu

[Cebu City], Negros Oriental [Dumaguete
City], Siquijor
Region VIII – Leyte [Tacloban City], Eastern Samar
[Borongan], Northern Samar [Catarman], Western
Samar [Catbalogan], Southern Samar [Maasin],
Biliran [Naval]

Region IX- Basilan [Isabela de Basilan],

Zamboanga del Norte [Dipolog City], Zamboanga
del Sur [Pagadian City]

Region X- Agusan del Norte [Butuan City],

Agusan del Sur [Prosperidad], Bukidnon
[Malaybalay], Camiguin [Mambajao], Misamis
Occidental [Oroquieta City], Misamis Oriental
[Cagayan de Oro City], Surigao del Norte [Surigao
City]
Region XI- Davao del Norte [Tagum], Davao
Oriental [Mati], Davao del Sur [Digos], South
Cotabato [Koronadal], Surigao del Sur [Tandag]

Region XII- Lanao del Norte [Tubod], North

Cotabato [Kidapawan], Sultan Kudarat [Isulan]

ARMM- Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao

– Lanao del Sur [Marawi City], Maguindanao
[Magahoy], Sulu [Jolo], Tawi-tawi [Bongao]

CAR- Cordillera Autonomous Region- Ifugao

[Lagawe], Kalinga-Apayao [Tabuk], Abra
[Bangued], Benguet [La Trinidad], Mountain
Province [Bontok
NCR- National Capital Region- Manila, Caloocan
City, Quezon City, Pasay City, Makati City,
Malabon City, Mandaluyong City, Marikina City,
Muntinlupa City, Navotas, Paranaque City, Pasig
City, Pateros, Las Pinas City, San Juan, Taguig,
Valenzuela City
 ASSIGN: 9-10-20

1. WHAT ARE THE CULTURAL CONTRIBUTIONS

OF THE FF:
1. MALAYS
2. INDONESIANS
3. NEGRITOES

2. DESPITE OUR RICH NATURAL RESOURCES,

WHY DOES OUR COUNTRY STILL REMAIN A
POOR COUNTRY?

3. INDIA…
 Volcanoes & Earthquake
-Fiery circle or the siesmic belt, on the path of
earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
- Mayon in Albay, Taal in Batangas, Banahaw in
Quezon, Bulusan in Sorsogon, Apo in Mindanao,
Hibok-hibok in Camiguin and Irraya in Batanes.

 June1991-Mt. Pinatubo-”sleeping volcano”

considered the world’s worst volcanic eruption in
2Oth century

 Earthquakes- Earthquake generators are plate

interactions, displacements along the Philippine
fault zone and movements along the other active
faults – Phil. Trench, East Luzon trench, Manila
trench, Sulu trench, Cotabato trench
 Climate
-Two distinct seasons- the dry season from
March to June, and wet season from July to
October

 Natural Resources
 - Phils. Is endowed by nature with fertile and

arable soil and rich and abundant natural

resources.
 - main crops are rice, coconut, corn, abaca,

sugar and tobacco

- 3,8OO species of trees
 - 2,OOO species of fish
 - butanding in Donsol, Sorsogon

 Pandaka pygmea- smallest fish in the world

 “Glory of the sea”-world’s most expensive

shell
 “Tridacna gigas”- world’s largest shell
• ASSIGN: 6-25-18

• NAME AT LEAST 15 NATURAL WONDERS AND

SCENIC SPOTS IN OUR COUNTRY, AND WHERE
THEY ARE LOCATED. Explain briefly
 Natural Wonders and Scenic spots
- Ifugao Rice Terraces in Banawe, Northern
Luzon
- Mayon Volcano in Albay
- 1OOO Chocolate Hills of Bohol
-Cathedral caves of Callao in Cagayan Province
-Hundred Islands of Pangasinan
-Subterranean river in Palawan
-Maria Cristina Falls in Mindanao
-Pagsanjan falls in Laguna
-Mt. Banahaw in Quezon province
 Other tourist destination areas are Vigan in
Ilocos Sur, Pagudpud in Ilocos Norte, the
famous Boracay, Baguio-the summer capital of
the Phils, and Sagada in Mountain Province
 Puerto Galera in Oriental Mindoro, Pagsanjan

Rapids, Mt. Banahaw, Puerto Azul, Donsol in

Sorsogon, and Caramoan in Camarines.

 Origin of the Philippines

 Three theories about the origin of the

Philippines
1. Land bridge theory
2. Part of a lost continent –Mu or Lemuria
3. Volcanic in origin
 The Filipino Race
 -Accdg to H. Otley Beyer-Filipinos are

predominantly Asian in race- Malay 4O%,

Indonesian 3O%, Negrito, Chinese 1O%, Indian
8%, American 3%, Arab 2%.

 Filipino-referred
to the Insulares [Spaniards
who were born in the Phils.]

 MigrationTheory -Dr. Otley

 Dawn Man-pre-historic cousin of the Java man

and Peking man

 Asian Migration

 Accdg. To Prof. Beyer, three Asian peoples, the

Negritoes, the Indonesians and the Malays
migrated to the Phils. Long before the birth of
Christ.
 The Negritoes, the first inhabitants came to

our country about 22,OOO BC from mainland

Asia via the land bridges.
 The Indonesians came into the Phils. in two

waves- in 3OOO BC, and the at about 1OOO

BC.
 3. Malays
 The First Filipino

 Tabon Man-the first known Filipino who lived

in Palawan at about 22OOOBC.

Character Traits of the Filipinos

 Hospitable,gentle and peaceful

 Religiosity

 Loyalty and gratitude

 Adaptability

 Close family ties

 Regionalistic

 Respect for elders

 Happy people, resilient