S.B.

V TIMARPUR
PROJECT REPORT ON:-

“TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION”

Submitted To:- Submitted by

Mr. Chandra Prakash Tushar Pundir
Roll No. 60
XII(SCIENCE) ‘B’
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I feel proud to present my project in physics on the topic
which aims the studies of total internal reflection. Physics
teacher Mr. Chandra Prakash who guided me throughout
this project in every possible way when confronted with
doubt and difficulties and constructive critism and
encouragement has been great source of inspiration for
me and his valuable guidance rigorous, hard work has
been put in this project to ensure that it prove to be best.
 CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Condition for TIR
3. Optical density description
4. Critical angle
5. Applications of total internal reflection
6. Mirages
7. Optical fiber
8. TIR in diamond
9. Examples for TIR
10. Bibliography
 Total Internal Reflection

Total internal reflection can

occur when light attempts to
move from a medium with a
High index of refraction to one
with a lower index of refraction.
 Ray 5 shows internal reflection.
 Total internal reflection

When a ray of light travels from denser medium to rarer medium

if the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle entire
ray is reflected into the same medium by obeying the laws of
reflection.

Conditions for total internal reflection

 Light must travel from denser medium to rarer medium

The angle of incidence must be greater than the critical angle
 Critical Angle

At a certain angle, the refracted

ray follows a path exactly along the
surface of the dense medium.

When the angle of refraction

is at 90° the incident angle is called the
"critical angle”.
When angle of incidence becomes a greater than critical
angle the incident ray is totally reflected.
 Optical density

 Ability of a medium to refract light.

 Two types of medium-rarer medium and denser medium.
 Rarer medium has lower refractive index.
 Denser medium has higher refractive index.
 Speed of light is higher in rarer medium than in denser
medium.
Bending of Light Takes Place When Light passes obliquely
rom one Transparent medium to another.
 When light ray enter From a denser medium to a
rarer medium it bends away from the normal.
Application of Total Internal Reflection
 Mirages

 Formed by both Total

Internal Reflection
and Refraction.

 Produced when light

passes through layers of
air with different densities.
mirages
 Optical fiber

 Thin hair likes structure.

 light enters one end of the wall of the fiber
Strikes at less than critical angle.
 Light undergoes repeated total internal reflection.
 Light emerges through the other end of fiber.
Tir in diamonds
 Diamond

 The critical angle of diamond is very small.

 The cut of diamond favors total internal reflection.
 Rays entering the top of diamond reflects internally.
 Bibliography

 www.Wikipedia.org
 www.google.com
 www.baskinrobbins.com
 www.slideshare.net
 www.scribd.com
 Files.shareholders.com
 Answers.yahoo.com
Thank You