WHEN TECHNOLOGY AND HUMANITY

CROSS
The ever- growing society has made
people see technology as some sort of
necessity. Tracing back its origins, the
word “technology” came from the
Greek words techne and logos which
mean art and word respectively.
 TELEVISION SETS, MOBILE PHONES,
COMPUTERS AND HUMANITY
According to Kantar Media, one of the most
trusted television audience measurement
providers, in the Philippines, 92 percent of
urban homes and 70 percent of rural homes
owns at least one television set.
The current count of households with television
set already reached 15.135 million (Noda, 2012)
 PaulGottlieb Nipkow, a German student in the late 1800’s
was successful in his attempt to send images through wires
with the aid of a rotating disk. This invention was then called
the “electric telescope” that has 18 lines of resolution.
After some time, in 1907, two inventors, Alan
Archibald Campbell- Swinton who was an English
scientist and Boris Rosing who was a Russian
scientist, created a new system of television by using
cathode ray tube in addition to the mechanical scanner
system.
This success story gave rise to two types of television
systems, the mechanical and electronic television.
Filipinos love to use their mobile phones
anywhere, anytime. They use it for different
purposes other than for communication.
More than half of the Filipino population own at
least one (1) mobile phone regardless of type.
To prove that Filipinos really love to use their mobile
phones, the Ipsos Media Atlas Philippines Nationwide
Urban 2011-2012 survey results showed that one in
every 3 Filipinos cannot live without a mobile phone.
In other words, 30% of the Philippines urban
population nationwide said that mobile phone are
necessities in life.
 FIRST MOBILE PHONE

Mobile phones, have a very interesting

background story. On April 3, 1973, Martin
Copper, a senior engineer at Motorola, made
the world’s first mobile phone call.
He called their rival telecommunications
company and properly informed them that he
was making the call from a mobile phone.
 The mobile phone used by Copper weighed 1.1 kilograms and measured 228.6 x 127
x 44.4 mm.
 This kind of device was capable of a 30-minute talk time. However, it took 10 hours
to charge.
 In 1983, Motorola made their first commercial mobile phone available to the public.
 It was known as the Motorola DynaTAC 8000X.
 COMPUTER

 Computers and Laptops have also become part of many of the Filipino
households.
 There are some Filipino families who own more than one computer or laptop.
 The number of computers sold per year may not be as high as the number of
mobile phones and television sets.
 In line with the growing number of computer sales, there has also been a
growing number of internet users in the Philippines.
 CharlesBabbage, a 19th century English Mathematics professor,
who designed the Analytical Engine which was used as the basic
framework of the computers even until the present time.
 In general, computers can be classified into 3 generations. Each
generation of the computer was used for a certain period of time
and each gave people a new and improved version of the
previous one.
 Laptops have been available to the public, for even a less time
than personal computers.
 Before,the first design of computer was so big that it could
occupy whole floors of buildings.
 The first TRUE portable computer was released in April
1981. it was called the Osborne 1.
 A typical household owns at least four of the following
devices: a mobile phone (89%), smartphone (53%), tablet
(14%), desktop (39%), laptop of netbooks (37%) and a smart
TV (4%)
Here are some facts about Filipinos and their use
of gadgets and Internet
 Mobile phone subscription is at 119 million.
 Filipinos spend approximately 3.2 hours on mobile phones and 5.2 hours on
desktop daily.
 Currently, the Philippines has one of the highest digital population in the world.
 There are now 47 million active Facebook accounts in the Philippines.
 The Philippines is the fastest- growing application market in Southeast Asia.
 Roles Played by These Technological
Advancements
 For instance, television is mainly used as a platform for
advertisements and information dissemination. In fact,
television remains to be the most used avenue by different
advertising companies not only in the Philippines but all over
the world.
 Television also is a good platform for different propagandas
and advocacies. Lastly, it can also be a good way to bond
with one’s family members.
 Mobile phones, on the other hand, also have their own roles
in the lives of the people. They are primarily used for
communication. Mobile phones offer services like texting
and calling.
 In the present, people use their mobile phones to surf to the
internet and to take pictures more than text or to call people.
 It is like an all-in-one device.
 Very portable and convenient because it can fit into any
space, may it be inside the pocket or bag.
 Personal computers and laptops also have useful set of functions
and roles.
 People prefer to do their job using either a PC or laptop that a
mobile phone. One reason is that laptop has a wide keyboard
than using a mobile phone, especially when the mobile phone
has a small screen.
 Another reason is that the availability of a mouse or a touchpad
made easier to maneuver than mobile phones.
 Lastly,for the youth who love ton play different computer
games, PC are really the better choice because it allows them to
play with comfort and convenience.
 ETHICAL DILEMMA FACED BY THESE
TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS
 Most parents would argue that these devices make their
children lazy and unhealthy.
 There are some people who are more likely to experience
alienation because they no longer take time to get out of their
houses and mingle with other people.
 Moral dilemma- people, especially children who are not
capable yet of rationally deciding for themselves what is
right or wrong, are freely exposed to different things in
television, mobile phones, PC’s etc.
 HUMANS vs. ROBOTS

With the development of artificial intelligence (AI),

robots may also eventually act and decide like
humans.
Though the Philippines has not yet reached the point
of producing robots on commercial scale for
household use, it still behooves us to ponder the
ramifications of replacing persons with machineries.
With the help of AI, decisions now arise from
sophisticated statistical analyses made from
massive data.
As of August 2017, it is estimated that a million
Filipino BPO (business process outsourcing)
workers may be affected and lose their jobs with
the adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI).
 ROBOT
 A robot is an actuated mechanism programmable in tow or
more axes with a degree of autonomy, moving within its
environment, to perform intended tasks. Autonomy in this
context means the ability to perform intended tasks based on
current state and sensing without human intervention.
 A service robot is a robot that performs useful tasks for
humans or equipment excluding industrial automation
application. NOTE: a robot may be classified according to its
intended application as an industrial robot or a service robot
 A personal service robot or a service robot for personal use is a service robot used for
a noncommercial task, usually by laypersons. Examples are domestic servant robot,
automated wheelchair, personal mobility assist robot and pet exercising robot.
 A professional service robot or a service robot for personal use is a service robot used
for commercial task, usually operated by a properly trained operator. Examples are
cleaning robot for public places, delivery robot in offices or hospitals, fire-fighting
robot, rehabilitation robot and surgery robot in hospitals. In this context, an operator
is a person designated to start, monitor and stop the intended operation of a robot or a
robot system.
Germany was one of the first countries to develop
service robots, which was launched on October 1, 2005.
The earliest conception of robots can be traced around
300 Bc form the Egyptians. Their water clocks used
human figurines to strike the hour bell.
The earliest robots as people know them were created in
the early 1950s by George Devol. “Unimate” was his
first invention from the words “Universal Automation”.
 Roles Played by Robotics

Robots play different role not only in the

lives of the people but also in the society
as a whole.
They are primarily used to ease the
workload of mankind. They were invented
to make life ore efficient and less stressful.
They perform complicated activities which human
beings are incapable of doing. They perform the
simplest tasks at home so that their masters can
perform the complex ones without stressing
themselves over the simple task.
There are robots who are made for pleasure. To be
more specific, these types of robots perform
activities to entertain people.
 LAWS FOR ROBOTS

Just like people living in a society, robots also have

their own set of rules and characteristics that define
what a good robots is. These laws were formulated by
Isaac Asimov in the 1940s, when he was thinking of the
ethical consequences of robots.
LAW ONE : a robot may not require a human being or,
through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
LAW TW0: a robot must obey the orders
given by human beings except where such
orders would conflict with the first law.
LAW TRHREE: a robot must protect its own
existence as long as such protection does not
conflict with the first or second law.
 ETHICAL DILEMMAS FACED BY
ROBOTICS

1. SAFETY- the safety of not only the owner of the

technology but also all the people inside the house
should be priority mote than anything else.
2. EMOTIONAL COMPONENT- it is just right for the
robots to be given their own set of rights should they
develop the ability to feel different kinds of emotion.
It can be argued that the same thing happened with
animals.
HUMAN RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH TO SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY,
AND DEVELOPMENT
 Human rights in the face of scientific and technological advancement are critical
factors in one’s journey toward eudaimonia.
 Protecting the well-being and upholding the dignity of the human person must be the
core of continued scientific and technological progress and development.
 Seeks to place a concern for human rights at the heart of how the international
community engages with urgent global challenges;
 leads to better and more sustainable outcomes by analyzing and addressing the
inequalities, discriminatory practices and unjust power relations which are often at the
heart of development problems;
 provides a framework for confronting important global issues — from gender biases to
food and water safety to misuses of science and technology — grounded in a set of
principles, developed through international consensus, that clarify the relationship
between 'rights holders' and 'duty bearers’. -
Gender equality and food security are among the issues addressed by
human rights principles;
 Duty-bearers are those actors who have a particular obligation or
responsibility to respect, promote and realize human rights and to
refrain from human rights violations.
 A right holder refers to a legal entity or person with exclusive rights
to a protected copyright, trademark or patent, and the related rights
of producers, performers, producers and broadcasters. A right holder
may license a portion or all of a protected work through international
legal and licensing provisions.
help to re-orient NGOs and the UN system away from professionalized philanthropy
and towards capacity-building; that they promise sustainable interventions and
reduce dependency on aid and help to redefine the responsibilities of governmental
authorities, local actors, NGOs, and the UN system.
requires scientists to go beyond knowing how their work relates to human rights,
and demands that they strive to secure and affirm human rights through the
knowledge they produce.
For instance, a rights-based approach to virus studies — in potentially creating an
ethical framework that guides research as it evolves — would not only push the
frontiers of medicine and seek medical benefits, but actively guard against the
potential to create new biological weapons. There is a question, here, of whether
this is the responsibility of virologists (e.g. by contributing to dual-use debates) or
the scientific community in general.
 Article 1: Innate freedom and equality
 All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and
conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Article 2: Ban on discrimination

 Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any
kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin,
property, birth or other status.
 Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international
status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-
governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty.
Article 3: Right to life

 Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.

Article 4: Ban on slavery

 No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be
prohibited in all their forms.
 protects your right not to be held in slavery or servitude, or made to do forced
labour. 

 Slavery is when someone actually owns you like a piece of

property. Servitude is similar to slavery - you might live on the person's
premises, work for them and be unable to leave, but they don't own you
 Article 5: Ban on torture
 Noone shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading
treatment or punishment.

Article 6: Right to recognition as a person before the law

 Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.
 Everyindividual shall have the right to the respect of the dignity inherent
in a human being and to the recognition of his legal status. All forms of
exploitation and degradation of man particularly slavery, slave trade,
torture, cruel, inhuman or degrading punishment and treatment shall be
prohibited.
Article 7: Equality before the law
 All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination
to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection
against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against
any incitement to such discrimination.

Article 8: Right to effective judiciary

 Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent
national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him
by the constitution or by law.
 Everyone charged with a criminal offence shall have the right to be
presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law.
Article 9: Ban on arbitrary detention
 No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile
  arbitrary detention is committed by any public officer or employee
who without legal grounds detains a person. ... The essence of the
crime of arbitrary detention is a public officer's act of detaining a
person without any lawful cause.
 EXILE: expulsion from one's native land by authoritative decree. the
fact or state of such expulsion: to live in exile. a person banished
from his or her native land.
 The Observatory has been informed by reliable sources about the arbitrary
arrest and judicial harassment against Senator Antonio Trillanes, known
for criticising President Rodrigo Duterte’s policies and their negative
impact on human rights, including the so-called ‘war on drugs’, the
withdrawal of the Philippines from the International Criminal Court (ICC),
attempts to reinstate the death penalty, and the extension of martial law
in the Mindanao region.
 According to the information received, on September 25, 2018 at around
3pm, police officers led by Metro Manila police chief arrested Mr. Trillanes
in the Senate’s parking lot and took him to Makati police station, after the
Makati Regional Trial Court (RTC) Branch 150 ordered his arrest based on a
Department of Justice’s request. Mr. Trillanes was charged with
“rebellion” under Republic Act No. 6968 (an act punishing the crime of
coup d’état by amending Article 134, 135 and 136 of the Revised Penal
Code). At around 5pm, he was released on bail of 200,000 Pesos (about
3,145 Euros).
Article 10: Right to public hearing
 Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and
impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal
charge against him.

Article 11: Right to the presumption of innocence

 Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed
innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he
has had all the guarantees necessary for his defense.
 No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or
omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or
international law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier
penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal
offence was committed.
Article 12: Right to privacy
 No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy,
family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and
reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against
such interference or attacks.

Article 13: Right to freedom of movement

 Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within
the borders of each State.
 Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to
return to his country.
Article 14: Right to asylum
 Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum
from persecution.
 This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely
arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes
and principles of the United Nations.
 Asylum is the legal protection granted to people who have come to the
United States and are afraid to return to their home country. Asylum
can be granted to people who are unable or unwilling to return to their
home country because of persecution or a well-founded fear of
persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a
particular social group or political.
 A hospital for the mentally ill is an example of an asylum. A country
that accepted a person from another country that was in danger is
an example of a country that gave asylum to that person.
Article 15: Right to a nationality

 Everyone has the right to a nationality.

 No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the
right to change his nationality.
Article 16: Right to marriage and family
 men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion,
have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to
marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution.
 Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending
spouses.
 The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to
protection by society and the State.
Article 17: Right to own property
 Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.
 No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.

Article 18: Right to freedom of thought and religi

on
 Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion;
this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and
freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or
private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship
and observance.
Article 19: Right to freedom of opinion a
nd expression
 Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right
includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek,
receive and impart information and ideas through any media and
regardless of frontiers.

Article 20: Right to freedom of assembly and ass

ociation
 Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and
association.
 No one may be compelled to belong to an association.
Article 21: Right to take part in governm
ent
 Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his
country, directly or through freely chosen representatives.
 Everyone has the right to equal access to public service in his
country.
 The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of
government; this will shall be expressed in periodic and
genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal
suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free
voting procedures.
Article 22: Right to social security
 Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is
entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-
operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each
State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his
dignity and the free development of his personality.
 The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the right of
everyone to social security, including social insurance.
Article 23: Right to work
 Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and
favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment.
 Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal
work.
 Everyone who works has the right to just and favourable remuneration
ensuring for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity,
and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection.
 Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection
of his interests.
 Article 24: Right to rest
 Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of
working hours and periodic holidays with pay.

Article 25: Right to an adequate standard of living

 Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself
and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social
services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability,
widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.
 Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether
born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection.
Article 26: Right to education
 Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at
least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary
education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education
shall be made generally available and higher education shall be
equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.
 Education shall be directed to the full development of the human
personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and
fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance
and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and
shall further the activities of the United Nations for the
maintenance of peace.
 Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall
be given to their children.
Article 27: Right to participate in cultur
al life
 Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the
community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its
benefits.
 Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests
resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the
author.
Article 28: Right to to
a social and international order
 Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and
freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized.

Article 29: Duties and limitations

 Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full
development of his personality is possible.
 In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such
limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due
recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the
just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a
democratic society.
 These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the purposes
and principles of the United Nations.
Article 30: Salvatory clause
 Nothingin this Declaration may be interpreted as
implying for any State, group or person any right to
engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the
destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth
herein.
 No One Can Take Away Your Human Rights
 USEFUL DOCUMENTS FOR A HUMAN-RIGHTS BASED APPROACH TO
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND DEVELOPMENT
DOCUMENT KEY PRINCIPLES
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF  Everyone’s right to participate in and benefit from scientific advances, and be protected from scientific
HUMAN RIGHTS ARTCLE 27 misuse; and
 The rights to the benefits of science comes under the domain of culture, so it is usually examined from
a cultural rights perspective.

UNESCO RECOMMENDATION ON  All advance in scientific and technological knowledge should be solely geared towards the welfare of
THE STATUS OF SCIENTIFIC the global citizens, and calls upon member states to develop necessary protocol and policies to monitor
RESEARCHERS- 1974 ARTICLE 4 and secure this objective;
 Countries are asked to show that science and technology are integrated into policies that aim to ensure
a more humane and just society.

UNESCO DECLARATION ON THE  "Today, more than ever, science and its applications are indispensable for development. All levels of
USE OF SCIENTIFIC government and the private sector should provide enhanced support for building up an adequate and
KNOWLEDGE- 1999 ARTICLE 33 evenly distributed scientific and technological capacity through appropriate education and research
programmes as an indispensable foundation for economic, social, cultural and environmentally sound
development. This is particularly urgent for developing countries.“
This Declaration encompasses issues such as pollution-free production, efficient resource use, biodiversity
protection, and brain drains.
 
CONCLUSION
 Human rights should be integral to the journey toward the ultimate good. They should
guide humans not only to flourish as individual members of the society, but also to assist
each other in flourishing collectively as a society. Human rights are rights to sustainability,
as Mukherjee put it. They may function as the ‘golden mean’, particularly by protecting
the weak, poor, and vulnerable from the deficiencies and excess of science and technology.
By imposing upon science and technology the moral and ethical duty to protect and uphold
human rights, there can be a more effective and sustainable approach to bridging the gap
between poor and rich countries on both tangible and intangible aspects. Ultimately, all
these will lead humans to flourish together through science and technology.

 https://www.scidev.net/global/human-rights/feature/linking-science-and-human-rights-fac
ts-and-figures.html