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OUR
PRESENTATION
 JIMMA UNIVERSITY

JIMMA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
SYNTHESIS OF FURFURAL
FROM BAGASSE
 INTRODUCTION
• Bagasse is a waste product from the sugar industry, which is
usually used as energy source in Factory at present.
• However, the amount of Bagasse left is still high enough for
more value-added products.
• It also, used as forage and raw material for production
of pulp, paper making and Particle board.
CONTI……
• Bagasse contains pentosan with concentration of 250-270
g/kg of the original Bagasse, which mainly consists of
arabinoxylan .
• Furfural is an important organic chemical, produced from
agro industrial wastes and residues Containing carbohydrates
known as Pentosans.
• It is a basic chemical, which can be utilized in a Variety of
industries such as chemical industry, refining oil industry, food
industry and agricultural Industry.
 Furfural has applications as a selective solvent in the refining of
• petroleum,
• lubricating oils,
• diesel fuels and vegetable oils.
•lubricating oils, petroleum and diesel fuel,
furfural has been used to
 separate aromatics and retain paraffinic- type compounds from
the mixture and also used
 improve the viscosity index, ignition characteristics, oxidation
stability, color, flash point, and to lower the carbon-forming
tendency.
 1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

• This study ensures that the Bagasse to be made in to furfural and it

will be able to show the important use of Bagasse.
• Specifically it will be done for the purpose of following points.
• First every year; a large amount of waste is created throughout
the processing of sugar canes (Bagasse).
• Second Currently in Ethiopia all plastic bottles are not
biodegradable, hence they affect the environment but if we use
furfural solvent for production of plastic bottles we can protect our
environment from this wastes affect our safest places.
• In near future Ethiopia will get petroleum at that time this
furfural is an important thing to work with for extraction of some
long chained hydrocarbons into valuable products to operate and
run our vehicles.
• Since the main raw material, Bagasse is easily found from sugar
industries
• We are initiated to produce an important organic chemical,
furfural that is used in a variety of industries such as
• Chemical industry
• Refining oil industry
• In near future Ethiopia will get petroleum at that time this
furfural is an important thing to work with for extraction of
some long chained hydrocarbons into valuable products to
operate and run our vehicles.
• Food industry and agricultural industry.
• For instance, in Fincha sugar industry 65-70% of Bagasse is
used for fuel purpose in boiler house. The rest will be removed as
waste, So to use the rest Bagasse it is important to launch project
like furfural producing plant.
OBJECTIVES
General Objective
• The general objective of this proposal is to produce furfural from
Bagasse and to emphasis Lignocelluloses’ biomass conversion to
useful organic chemicals.
Specific Objectives
• To investigate determinant factor of furfural production and develop
the Stoichiometry of the feed to produce desired product.
• To analyze physical properties of furfural.
• To size and design selected equipment.
 1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

 This study has much significance according to

 Environmental protection
 Recycling of waste byproduct.
 Lignocelluloses biomass conversion
 To furfural which is a basic chemical.
 This study will lead to have some export advantages for the
country, and it will also create job opportunity as it is a new
industry.
 2. LITERTURE REVIEW
 The chemical formula for furfural is C 5H4O2 in structure
 It is a heterocyclic compound consisting of a furan ring (four
carbon atoms and an oxygen atom) plus an aldehyde group
shown in Furfural is only partially soluble in water and with
a density of 1160 kg/m3, therefore when separation occurs the
water layer is on the top.
 At 200C the furfural layer contains 5wt% water while the
water layer contains 8.3wt % furfural.
 Furfural is readily hydrogenated to the corresponding
tetrahydrofuran derivatives. When heated above 250°C, furfural
decomposes into furan and carbon monoxide, sometimes
explosively.
 MATERIAL AND METHOD
MATERIAL USED
•Dryer: to remove the moisture.
•Grinder: to grind the Bagasse.
•Sieve: to sieve the crushed sample to the particle size of 1mm.
•Round bottom flask: as batch reactor for the solution.
•Tube and condenser: to collect and cool the product.
•Beaker: to store product.
•Shaker (stirrer): to shake sample.
•Measuring cylinder: to dilute the concentrated acid.
•Burette: for measuring the volume of the water and sulfuric acid.
•Thermometer: Device to measure temperature.
•Oil bath: Device to boil the sample.
Conti….
•Burette: for measuring the volume of the water and sulfuric
acid.
•Thermometer: Device to measure temperature.
•Oil bath: Device to boil the sample.
Main raw material
•Bagasse
Ingredients and Chemical
•Sulfuric acid (H2SO4): used as catalysts.
•Water :to dissolve the pentose
Salt (NaCl): enhancing the furfural selectivity and rate of
formation
 METHOD
 There are different techniques or mechanism to convert
Lignocelluloses biomass to useful organic chemicals. like
•bio fine technology
•biological enzyme hydrolysis
•and acid catalyzed hydrolysis technology.
•From these many acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and dehydration of
pentosan, acid-catalyzed by dilute sulfuric acid will be chosen.
•Since this method used for desired recovery of solvent from acid
catalyzed reaction and expressed by a first-order model with
activation energy of for an Arrhenius temperature dependence on the
hydronium ion activity.
FURFURAL PRODUCTION STEP

1. Drying
2. Grinding
3. Sieving
4. Reactor
5. Filtration
6. Distlation
7. Decantor
8. Neutralizer
9. Distillation(vacuum)
3.5 PROCESS BLOCK DIAGRAM
 BUDGETING
Table Budgeting
S/N EQUIPMENT PRICE(birr)

1 Stationary material and print (Pen, Paper, Pencil) 400

2 Transportation 600

3 Raw material 100

4 Contingency 110

  Total 1210
 4.2TIME SCHEDUALE
 
Table 4.2 Time schedule
S/N Month April May June
Week 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4  

1 Row material collection                        

 
and preparation

2 Equipment setup and                        

chemical collection  

3 Conduct laboratory                        
 
experimental work

4 Report writing and                        

 
paper
5 Submitting the thesis                        
 
paper
6  
 
Total time 3 month
THANK YOU!!!