BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

AND MATERIALS-VI
TOPIC : PRE ENGINEERED STEEL STRUCTURE

POOJA S J
VI SEM “A”
3PD18AT036
PDACEK
  PRE-ENGINEERED STEEL BUILDING
DEFINETI
ON
• A pre-engineered steel building is a modern technology where the complete designing is done at the factory and the
building components are brought to the site in CKD (completely knock down condition) and then fixed/jointed at the
site and raised with the help of cranes.

• An efficiently designed pre-engineered building can be lighter than the conventional steel buildings by up to 30%.
Lighter weight equates to less steel and potential price savings in structural framework.

• In this article, we discuss the components, advantages, applications, and comparison of pre-engineered steel
buildings with conventional buildings.
 ADVANTAGES OF PRE-ENGINEERED STEEL BUILDING
1. Reduction in Construction Time
2. Lower Cost
3. Flexibility of Expansion
4. Larger Spans
5. Quality Control
6. Low Maintenance
7. Energy-Efficient Roofing and Wall
Systems
8. Architectural Versatility
9. Single Source Availability
1. Reduction in Construction Time
Buildings are typically delivered in just a few weeks after
approval of drawings. Foundation and anchor bolts are cast
parallel with finished, ready for the site bolting. In India, the use
of PEB will reduce the total construction time of the project by at
least 50%. This also allows for faster occupancy and earlier
realization of revenue.
2. Lower Cost
Due to the systems approach, there is a significant saving in
design, manufacturing and on-site erection cost. The secondary
members and cladding nest together reducing transportation
cost.
 ADVANTAGES OF PEB

3. Flexibility of Expansion 7. Energy-Efficient Roofing and Wall Systems

Buildings can be easily expanded in length by adding Buildings can be supplied with polyurethane insulated panels or
additional bays. Also, expansion in width and height is fiberglass blankets insulation to achieve required “U” values.
possible by pre-designing for future expansion.

4. Larger Spans 8. Architectural Versatility

Buildings can be supplied to around 80M clear spans. The building can be supplied with various types of fascias,
canopies, and curved eaves and are designed to receive precast
5. Quality Control concrete wall panels, curtain walls, block walls and other wall
As buildings are manufactured completely in the factory systems.
under controlled conditions the quality is assured.
9. Single Source Availability
6. Low Maintenance As the complete building package is supplied by a single vendor,
Buildings are supplied with high-quality paint systems compatibility of all the building components and accessories is
for cladding and steel to suit ambient conditions at the assured. This is one of the major benefits of pre-engineered
site, which results in long durability and low building systems.
maintenance costs.
 DISADVANTAGES OF PEB

•Susceptible to Corrosion: If not properly maintained the

steel frames are susceptible to corrosion, thus special
coatings becomes necessary to resist the corrosion of
steel

•Low Thermal Resistivity: Steel being a metal is good at

conducting heat, thus it reduces the thermal comfort in
the building.

•Low Fire Resistance: During fire, this type of building

becomes more susceptible to damage due its
conductivity.
 STEPS INVOLVED IN CONSTRUCTION OF PEB STRUCTURE

Step-1: Design Of PEB Structure

• The steel frames to be used in a

particular structure is extensively
designed and fabricated in a company.

• This design involves the use of

meticulous design software giving no
room for any error or change in the
structural frames.

• Thus design forms a key aspect in the

construction of a PEB
 STEPS INVOLVED IN CONSTRUCTION OF PEB
STRUCTURE

Step-2: Construction Of Foundation

• This step involves the conventional construction practice of site
clearance and building of concrete foundations. Usually shallow
isolated foundations are preferred for a PEB since the self-weight of
the super structure is very less.
• In severe exposure areas like coastal zones pile foundations are laid
but the depth of the pile is less when compared to the conventional
concrete structures.
• They often prefer to lay a flat slab base of PCC below the pedestal
(isolated footing of shallow depths) to prevent its direct contact with
the soil.
• The columns of the super structure are bolted to the pedestal.
 STEPS INVOLVED IN CONSTRUCTION OF PEB STRUCTURE

Step-3. Erection Of Steel Frames

• The grade of steel used varies based on the structural

requirement, for instance if it is a one storay building then
the thickness of the steel provided can be less (.9mm to 1.2
mm) but for a warehouse (large structure) thickness to be
provided increases (4mm to 50mm).
• The steel columns and beams are bolted together. Steel is
also used in roofing of a one storay building and for both
floors and roofs in two or more storay buildings.
 STEPS INVOLVED IN CONSTRUCTION OF PEB
STRUCTURE

Step-4. Construction Of Walls On All Sides

• The final step in construction of a PEB is building

the walls.

• Usually for a PEB the walls are built with different

range of materials like granite, fibre cement
insulated panels, insulated steel or aluminium
panels, conventional brick work, stone cladding
etc.,

• the choice depends upon the user. But generally

insulated steel panels are preferred because of their
structural stability.
FRAMING DETAILS

• Secondary framing system is mainly

purlin and girt of Z or C shapes of
various sizes.
• In Pre-Engineered buildings normally
cold form Z sections are used for
secondary framing to achieve high
strength and lower weight. 
TYPICAL PURLIN AND GIRT CONNECTIONS ARE SHOWN BELOW FOR BETTER UNDERSTANDING:
 MAJOR COMPONENTS OF PEB

1. Primary Components
Primary components of the PESB
consists of mainframe, column,
and rafters.

A. Main Frame
The main framing basically
includes the rigid steel frames of
the building. The PESB rigid
frame comprises of tapered
columns and tapered rafters.
Flanges shall be connected to
webs by means of a continuous
fillet weld on one side.
 MAJOR COMPONENTS OF PEB

B. Columns
The main purpose of the columns is to transfer the vertical loads to
the foundations. In pre-engineered buildings, columns are made up
of I sections which are most economical than others. The width and
breadth will go on increasing from bottom to top of the column.

C. Rafters
A rafter is one of a series of sloped structural members (beams) that
extend from the ridge or hip to the wall-plate, downslope perimeter or
eave, and that are designed to support the roof deck and its associated
loads.
 MAJOR COMPONENTS OF PEB

2. Secondary Component
Purlins, Grits and Eave struts are secondary structural members
used as support to walls and roof panels.

A. Purlins and Girts

Purlins are used on the roof; Grits are used on the walls and
Eave struts are used at the intersection of the sidewall and the
roof. Purlins and girts shall be cold-formed "Z" sections with
stiffened flanges.
B. Eave Struts
Eave struts shall be unequal flange cold-formed "C" sections.
Eave struts are 200 mm deep with a 104 mm wide top flange, a
118 mm wide bottom flange, both are formed parallel to the
roof slope. Each flange has a 24 mm stiffener lip.
 MAJOR COMPONENTS OF PEB

3. Sheeting or Cladding
The sheets used in the construction of pre-engineered buildings
are Base metal of either Galvalume coated steel conforming to
ASTM A 792 M grade 345B or aluminum conforming to ASTM
B 209M which is cold-rolled steel, high tensile 550 MPA yield
stress, with hot dip metallic coating of Galvalume sheet.

4. Accessories
Non-structural parts of the buildings such as bolts, turbo
ventilators, skylights, lovers, doors and windows, roof curbs
and fasteners make the accessories components of the pre-
engineered steel building.
 ROOF & WALL BRACING SYSTEM

• For transfer of wind force and other acting loads form

building frame to the foundation at certain interval x-bracing
system is used to change the direction of forces for reducing
the impact of forces.
• Normally 2nd and 2nd last bays are preferably designed as
braced bay and in between every 4th bay shall be braced bay
for economical reason.
• These braced bays are for roof as well as wall between two
frames (bay) .
• Some time roof bracing and wall bracing may be in
adjoining bays separately however the stability of the
structure shall be checked first before doing so.
• Normally rod, pipes or angles are used for x-bracing
purpose. In wall bracings are laid between two columns form
haunch to bottom of columns
 ROOFING DETAILS

WEATHER COVRING ROOFING & CLADDING

• In order to provide weather covering for roof and walls from external condition, steel structure need to be covered
fully/partially as per functional requirement.
• For all purpose this covering provides access for all architectural and function requirement as well.
• Normally, metal profiled steel sheets are using for covering purpose. Now a day’s different color/color combination are
used to make building more aesthetic & elegant.
• There are various other elements of sheeting such as flashings, trims, ridge cover, peak panel, rack trim, drip trim etc.
• which is made of same material as of sheeting and equally important for weather tight functioning of the building.
• In addition, proper rain water gutter for collection of rain water and down take pipe for discharge of water from gutter
to the ground is also key element to the building for overall performance of the building.
• All sheeting are joined together with the help of self drilling/self tapping screw and necessary sealing material such as
butyl tape, sealant, foam filler etc. are used to make building more efficient.
ROOFING DETAILS
SECTIONAL
DETAILS
 PRE-ENGINEERED STEEL BUILDINGS
APPLICATIONS

1.Houses & Living Shelters

2.Factories
3.Warehouses
4.Sports Halls ( Indoor and Outdoor)
5.Aircraft Hangers
6.Supermarkets
7.Workshops
8.Office Buildings
9.Labor Camps
10.Petrol Pumps/Service Buildings
11.Schools
12.Community centers
THANK
YOU