PRONUNCIATION PRACTICE

Pronunciation of “-ed” 2

When we have regular past-tense verbs, they typically end

in “-ed.”
There are 3 different sounds for “-ed.”
/t/ /d/ /id/

picked listened wanted

laughed loved needed
stopped begged ended
 [t] Final Sound 3

Verbs ending in voiceless sounds [p, k, f, ʃ, ʧ] cause the “-

ed” ending to be pronounced as the voiceless [t] (with no
vocal chord vibration).
Sound Example
[p] He popped a balloon.
[k] They talked a lot.
[f] I laughed at the movie.
[s] My mother kissed me.
[ʃ] My son brushed his teeth
[ʧ] I reached the end of the road.
 [d] Final Sound 4

Verbs ending in voice sounds [b, g, v, z, Ʒ, ʤ, m, n, Ƞ, r, l]

cause the “-ed” ending to be pronounced as the voiced [d].

Sound Example
[b] She grabbed her coat.
[g] He begged her to stay.
[v] Mary loved me very much.
[z] John closed the door.
[ʤ] They managed the issue quickly.
[m] She claimed the prize.
 [id] Final Sound 5

Verbs ending in voice sounds [t] or [d] will cause the “-

ed” ending to be pronounced as the syllable [id].

Sound Example
[t] I visited the Empire State Building.
[t] She edited the report.
[d] We ended the game early.
[d] The chef breaded the chicken.
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Pronounce these words with /t/, /d/ or /id/.
1. mixed 11. expected 21. absorbed
2. mailed 12. promised 22. reminded
3. approached 13. examined 23. scrubbed
4. jumped 14. copied 24. refused
5. watered 15. suggested 25. ordered
6. remembered 16. threatened 26. snooped
7. kissed 17. apologized 27. learned
8. polished 18. acknowledged 28. laughed
9. believed 19. expressed 29. haunted
10. cried 20. brushed 30. rented
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Read the following sentences loudly.
1. She crossed over the bridge by motorcycle last night.
2. My mother cooked fried chicken for my birthday party last
week.
3. I tried to call you yesterday, but no one picked up my phone.
4. My family moved to Los Angles last month.
5. Janet attended my weeding party.
6. Jack locked the door before leaving.
7. He delivered the order on time.
8. You called me three times last night.
9. They allowed you to join their football club.
10. He typed a letter to me yesterday.
 8
Read the following text loudly.
During my last holiday, I made a lot of handcrafts. At that time, I was
crazy about art and creativity. Many ideas had come to my mind three
months before. All of the ideas were written on my note book so I could
read them again. Also, I searched other ideas from internet. Yap, I
googled it. I watched tutorial videos and read many art blogs.
My parents helped me to prepare the materials. They also gave me
money to buy things I needed. On the first day, I painted on some rocks.
People call it rock art. It was so fun. My siblings joined me on the third
day. Then, my siblings and I made paper crafts from used newspapers
and magazines. Papers were rolled, shaped and glued together to create
decorative designs. Many beautiful crafts were created.
he last activity was sewing. My mother is a tailor so I learn how to sew
from her. My mother helped me too. Sewing used clothes and towels
was very fun. We produced many useful things. Finally, I really enjoyed
my last holiday.
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THANK YOU