Different Types of

Ecosystem
Coastal Ecosystem
Coastal ecosystems are areas where land and water join to
create an environment with a distinct structure, diversity, and
flow of energy. They include salt marshes, mangroves, wetlands,
estuaries, and bays and are home to many different types of
plants and animals. However, coastal ecosystems are also very
sensitive to changes in the environment, and there is concern
that some areas are now struggling to maintain their diversity
due to human activity, the introduction of non-native species,
and other factors.
Coastal ecosystems have distinct and recognizable land
forms such as beaches, cliffs and coral reefs which are highly
vulnerable to disturbances.
Most significant issues facing coastal areas is runoff from
industrial, agricultural and municipal areas.
Ecological Considerations
Existing Life forms Water Resources
-plants -underground water
-aerial animals -desalinated water
-aquatic animals
-land animals
-micro-organisms

Types of Geological Microclimate

Materials -colder than the most part of
-sand/rocks mainland
-silt -prone to difficult weather
-clay conditions
Forest Ecosystem
A forest ecosystem describes the community of plants,
animals, microbes and all other organisms in interaction with the
chemical and physical features of their environment:
Specifically, a terrestrial environment dominated by trees
growing in a closed canopy.
The organisms involved in a forest ecosystem definition are
interdependent on one another for survival and can be broadly
classified according to their ecological role as producers,
consumers and decomposers.
Ecological Considerations
Existing Life forms Water Resources
-plants -underground water
-aerial animals -spring
-land animals
-aquatic animals (if body of
water is present)
-micro-organisms

Types of Geological Microclimate

Materials -fresher/colder breeze
-loam -less polluted
-clay
Mountain Ecosystem
Mountain lands provide a scattered but diverse array of
habitats in which a large range of plants and animals can be
found. At higher altitudes harsh environmental conditions
generally prevail, and a treeless alpine vegetation, upon which
the present account is focused, is supported. Lower slopes
commonly are covered by mountain forests. At even lower levels
mountain lands grade into other types of landform and
vegetation.
Mountain environments have different climates from the
surrounding lowlands, and hence the vegetation differs as well.
For instance, mountains in desert regions receive little rain
because the air is almost always too dry to permit precipitation
under any conditions.
Ecological Considerations
Existing Life forms Water Resources
-land animals -spring
-aerial animals -underground water
-aquatic animals (if body of
water is present)
-micro-organism

Types of Geological Materials Microclimate

-loam or nutrient-poor soil -warm and cold depending on
(depends on altitude) altitude
-acidic soil
-rocks
-clay
Urban Ecosystem
Urban ecosystem, any ecological system located within a city
or other densely settled area or, in a broader sense, the greater
ecological system that makes up an entire metropolitan area.
Urban ecosystems, like all ecosystems, are composed of
biological components (plants, animals, and other forms of life)
and physical components (soil, water, air, climate and
topography). The physical complex includes buildings,
transportation networks, modified surfaces (e.g., parking lots,
roofs, and landscaping), and the environmental alterations
resulting from human decision making. The physical
components of urban ecosystems also include energy use and
the import, transformation, and export of materials.