Guillermo Tolentino

• -July 24, 1890-July 12, 1976

• Professor of UP
• National Artist(Sculpture in 1973)
Bonifacio Monument

• Located in South Caloocan

• It recalls the Philippine Revolution
which was spearheaded by Andres
Bonifacio who urged his men to raise
against the colonial rule of Spain
• The Cry of Pugadlawin Aug. 23 1896
• Sculpted in 1933, an obelisk(stone pillar/landmark) rises
to a height of 45 feet
• Obelisk is made of 5 parts representing the 5 aspects of
society ”Kataastaasang kagalanggalangan na Katipunan ng
mga anak ng bayan. Crowned by a figure with wings
representing triumph. Below the vertical pylon 20 figures
cast in bronze have molded over an octagonal shaped
plinth plus one angel of peace at the top
• Pylon(tower used for carrying power lines high above the
ground
• Plinth(lower square slab at the base of a column)
• The octagon represents the 8 provinces who
fought against spain and represents the 8
rays of the katipunan.
• The plinth is raised in 3 steps, each
representing the 3 centuries of spanish rule.
• The figures are a representation of the
people who face inequality, agony and
suppression
• The main central figure holds a bolo and a gun
in the other. Katipunan flag is in an unfurled
state.
• A remarkable feature of the molded images is
the classic style with detailing marked by
realistic expressions reflecting the
revolutionary spirit with an “ upright head and
body” and with arms spread at the sides. The
central obelisk is surrounded by pools of water.
Classical style

• -renowned fr its harmony, balance and

sense of proportion. In painting and
sculpture it employs idealized figures and
shapes and treats its subject in a non
anecdotal and emotionally neutral manner.
Colour is always subordinated to line and
composition.
• Seeks to achieve harmonious and
contemplative .effect
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Elements of Art and Principles of Composition

A. Line- is a associated with the body’s axis as it moves

toward different directions and adjust to point through
various positions and actions such as walking, running,
standing, sitting
B. Color-is associated with our experience of cold and warmth
and the quality of light in our tropical environment, the
cycles of night and day and of darkness and light.
Aspect of color
Hue-it’s how the light waves of various lengths and rapidity of
vibrations bounce off objects and enter our eyes
Value-
River of Life- Galo Ocampo/ Filipinos struggles through history-Carlos “botong
“Francisco
C. Value-refers to the gradations of tone fr
light to dark which can be an aspect of
color as discussed. It couls also refer to the
play of light and dark on an object or
scene.
D. Texture- refers to how objects and surfaces
feel and is most associated with the sense of
touch or tactility. Texture is created when
several lines combine. The combination may
be smooth, translucent, fine, silky, satiny,
velvety, sandy, furry, feathery, slimy, gritty,
rough, course, porous, irregular, jagged, thick ,
thin and so on. Ie. Barong and saya translucent
and delicate. Crocheted soft yet thick.
• E. Shape- refers to the forms that are 2
dimensional or 3 dimensional. 2
dimensional shapes exist as planes
having length and width. 3 dimensional
shapes possess length width and
volume. It can be geometric,
biomorphic or free inventions.
Stations of the Cross- Vicente Manansala
E. Composition in space- involves the
relationship between figures and
elements. It also refers to how these
elements are organized and composed
according to principles of organization,
among them balance, proportion, rhythm,
unity in variety, dominance and
subordination.
• Movement- may occur in 2 dimensional
design as rhythm or through the
recurrence of motifs, their alternation
or progression unfolding in a series.
Movement is also very much related to
line and the direction of the eye.
Nine Muses- Napoleon Abueva
Representational Art

Representational-is the use of signs that

stand in for or take the place of something
else.
Non representational art

• Not intended to present an accurate

depiction of the physical appearance of
people or things.
Leeroy New/Rameer Tawasil-Vinta
Chiaroscuro

• -is the use of strong contrasts between

light and dark, usually bold contrasts
affecting a whole composition. Also a
technical term used by artist and art
historians for the use of contrast of light
to achieve a sense of volume in
modelling 3 dimensional objects and
figures.
• Figurative art-describes artwork(paintings and
sculptures) that is clearly derived from real object
sources and so is, by definition representational.
• Non figurative art- refers to art that does not
attempt to represent or reference reality. In the
late 19th century, artist began to move toward
increasing abstraction as means of
communicating subjective experience more
personally and creatively.
Expressionism

• Is a modernist movement initially in poetry

and painting, originating in Germany at the
beginning of the 20th century. It’s typical
trait is to present the world solely from a
subjective perspective, distorting it radically
for emotional effect in order to evoke
moods or ideas. Expressionist artist have
sought to express the meaning of emotional
experience rather than the physical reality.
Ang Kiukok-The Crucifixion/ Arturo Luz-Trio Performance
Abstract

• Art that does not attempt to represent

an accurate depiction of a visual reality
but instead use shapes, colours, forms
and gestural marks to achieve its effect.
Stylized

It’s represented in a non naturalistic

conventional. The heart shaped symbol in
the popular phrase” I heart Bamban” is a
classic stylized representation of a real
heart. Anything can be stylized- an entire
movie or play or wardrobe for example
Collage

• Is a technique of an art production.

Primarily used in visual art, where the
artwork is made from an assemblage of
different forms, thus creating a new
whole
Arturo Luz- A Pair of Collages and Collage 11
Aesthetic

• From the greek word for

perception(aesthesis)
• Refers to those principles governing
nature and appreciation of beauty
specially in visual art.
• The pleasant, positive or artful
appearance of a person or a thing.
Three Aesthetic Theories of Art Criticism
• Imitationalism-refers to art that focuses on things
being realistically represented. Theory of art that
judge’s artwork based on how real it looks.
• Formalism-This approach regards literature as
“unique form of human knowledge that needs to
be examined on its own terms”. Primary goal for a
formalist critics is to determine how such elements
work together with the text’s content to shape its
effect upon readers. Formalism allows the reader to
analyze a literary piece with complete objectivity
• Emotionalism-An aesthetic and critical
theory of art which gives emphasis on the
expressive qualities. According to this
theory, the most important thing about
work of art is the vivid communication of
moods, feelings and ideas.
• -Though some critics think that the most
important thing about a work of art is the
realistic presentation of a subject matter
Art Criticism