Certificate

This is to certify that ARCHI SINHA of class XII – B ,Roll No. – 4 studying in
GREEENWAY MODERN SCHOOL , Dilshad Garden has successfully completed her
project on the topic STUDY OF OXALATE ION IN GUAVA FRUIT under my supervision
and guidance , as per guidelines issued by C.B.S.E. for the session 2021-2022.

______________ ______________

School stamp Teachers Signature

(Mrs. Manju Kasana)

PGT Chemistry
Study of oxalate ion in
Guava Fruit
SUBMITTED BY : ARCHI SINHA
 Acknowledgement
I would like to express my special thanks to our school GREENWAY MODERN SCHOOL ,
Principal sir MR. Mohit Sachdeva , My Chemistry teacher Mrs. Manju Kasana and to our
management team of our school who gave me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful
project on the topic Study of oxalate ion in Guava Fruit at different stages of ripening , which
also helped me in doing a lot of research & I came to know about so many things about so
many new things .

Secondly I would also like to thank my parents and my friends who helped me a lot in finishing
this project within the limited time .

Thanks Again to all who helped me .

 Contents
• AIM OF THE PROJECT
• INTRODUCTION
• THEORY
• REQUIREMENTS
• CHEMICAL EQUATIONS
• PROCEDURE
• PRECAUTIONS
• OBSERVATIONS
• CALCULATIONS
• CONCLUSION
 Aim
TO STUDY THE PRESENCE OF OXALATE IONS IN GUAVA
FRUIT AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF RIPENING
 Introduction :

Guava
Guava is a common sweet fruit found in India and many
other places in the Mrytle family genus psidium
meaning pomegrate in latin , which contains about 100
species of tropical shrub . On ripening it turns yellow in
color. Rich in vitamin C , this fruit is a rich source of
oxalate ions whose content varies during the different
stages ripening.
 Daily Life Applications of Guava

IMMUNITY DIABETES
BOOSTER FRIENDLY
LOWER RISK OF
HEART HEALTHY CANCER

Vitamin C present Due to rich fibre

in guava helps content and low
improve immunity glycaemic index,
Guavas improve the Lycopene , quercetin ,
and protect us guavas prevent the
sodium and vitamin C and other
against common development of
potassium balance polyphenols act as
infections and diabetes
of the body potent antioxidants
pathogens regulating blood which neutralize free
radicals
 Material Required
APPARATUS : CHEMICALS :

BEAKER DIL H2SO4

BURETTE (N/10)KMnO4 SOLUTION

PESTLE & MORTAR GUAVA FRUITS AT DIFFERENT
STAGES OF RIPENING
100 ml MEASURING FLASK

FUNNEL

WEIGHING MACHINE

FILTER PAPERS
 Theory
Oxalate ions are extracted from the fruit by boiling pulp with dilute H2SO4. The oxalate ions
are estimated volumetrically, by titrating the solution with KMnO4
solution. A reagent, called the titrant, of a known concentration (a standard solution) and
volume is used to react with a solution of the analyte ortitrand, whose concentration is not
known. Using a calibrated burette or chemistry pipetting syringe to add the titrant, it is
possible to determine the exact amount that has been consumed when the endpoint is
reached. The endpoint is the point at which the titration is complete, as determined by an
indicator. This is ideally the same volume as the equivalence point.

The volume of added titrant at which the number of moles of titrant is equal to the number of
moles of analyte, or some multiple thereof (asin polyprotic acids). In the classic strong acid-
strong base titration, theendpoint of a titration is the point at which the pH of the reactant is
just about equal to7, and often when the solution takes on apersisting solid colour as in the
pink of phenolphthalein indicator.
Precautions
 Table of Contents

PAPAYA COCONUT LEMON

Despite being red, Saturn is composed Neptune is the
Mars is actually a cold mostly of hydrogen farthest planet from
place and helium the Sun
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Mercury is the closest
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VENUS
Venus is the second
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was named after the
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 Try These Two Columns

Mercury is the Jupiter it’s the

smallest one in biggest planet in
the Solar System the Solar System
 Benefit of Guava

Helps the body make use of

key nutrients
Stabilizes blood pressure
levels
Promotes good
VITAMIN C
eyesight
To modify this graph,
REDUCE RISK OF click on it, follow the
DIABETES link, change the data
and paste the new
KEEP BRAIN HEALTHY graph here
 Try Using This Infographic

ORANGE GRAPEFRUIT MANDARIN

ORANGELO TANGELOS
Or These Ones

50%
Venus

Saturn Jupiter

25% 25%

To modify this graph, click on it, follow the

link, change the data and paste the new graph
here
A Picture Is Worth a
Thousand Words
 A Rainbow Infographic

Jupiter is the biggest

planet of them all

Mercury is the closest Saturn is the ringed

planet to the Sun one and a gas giant

Despite being red, Venus has a beautiful

Mars is a cold place name, but it’s hot
 This Is a Table

RED ORANGE WHITE GREEN PURPLE

Healthy heart Antioxidant Immune system Detoxification Helps memory

Prevents cancer Skin protection Healthy heart Healthy bones Urinary system

Helps cell renewal Supports eyesight Prevents ulcers Immune system Anti-aging
 You Can Use

Despite being red,

Mars is a cold place

Saturn is the ringed one

and a gas giant

Mercury is the closest

planet to the Sun

Venus has a beautiful

name, but it’s hot
 How About Three Columns?

01 02 03
MERCURY VENUS MARS
Mercury is the closest Venus has a beautiful Despite being red,
planet to the Sun name, but it’s hot Mars is a cold place
Awesome Words
Because key words are great for catching your audience’s attention
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Mercury is the closest It has a beautiful Despite being red,

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JUPITER SATURN NEPTUNE

It’s the biggest planet Saturn is the ringed It’ the farthest planet
in the Solar System one and a gas giant from the Sun
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Venus has a beautiful

name, but it’s hot

Mercury is the closest

planet to the Sun

Despite being red, Mars is

a cold place
 And an Annual Schedule Too

MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEP OCT NOV

Strawberries Blueberries Peaches Apples

 How About Four Columns?

VENUS MARS
It has a beautiful Despite being red,
name, but it’s very hot Mars is a cold place

JUPITER SATURN
It’s the biggest planet Saturn is the ringed
in the Solar System one and a gas giant
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Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
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earths is the Sun’s mass

386,000 km 24h 307m

Mars is cold is Jupiter’s rotation period
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Venus has a beautiful Saturn is the ringed
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