Cloud Computing

By: waqar Ahmad UoT, Nowshera

Basic Structure

Different cloud users for e.g.,,

Cloud user 1 using mobile
Cloud user 2 using desktop
Cloud user 3 using laptop
And we have cloud provider to
Provide all facilities or resources.
What is Cloud Computing?

Cloud: It mean something which is present at remote location.

Cloud computing
●
It provides us the means by which we can access the applications as utilities
over the internet.
●
Refers to manipulating, configuration and accessing the applications online.
1. On-demand access
2. Shared pool of configurable resources
–Internet-based computing in which large groups of remote servers are
networked so as to allow sharing of data-processing tasks, centralized
data storage, and online access to computer services or resources.
–Any computer related task that is done entirely on the Internet
What is Cloud Computing?

●
Allows users to deal with the
software without having the
hardware.
●
Everything is done by remote,
nothing is saved locally.
History of Cloud Computing?

The concept of Cloud Computing came into existence in the year 1950 with
implementation of mainframe computers, accessible via thin/static
clients. Since then, cloud computing has been evolved from static clients to
dynamic ones and from software to services. The following diagram explains
the evolution of cloud computing:
Benefits of Cloud Computing

1. Access App’s via the internet easily

2. Manipulate or configuration of the App’s at any time.
3. No software installation is required for e.g., your email address is on cloud
if you login through desktop or mobile no need to install any software for
that just need to open browser and go on.
4. PaaS means if you need to use database or server no need to install you
can easily get those services online.
5. On-demand self services means resources are allocate as per user need.
6. Cost effective (just need an internet connection no other cost required)
Risks of Cloud Computing

1. By whom data and App’s will be accessed

2. How data and App’s from various users reserved separately. For e.g. if
user 1 and user 2 both have data on cloud and both users want access to
those data so how to hide their data from each other.
3. Where will data be stored. For e.g. if I am in Pakistan and the cloud is in
UK so if some problem occur then from where we can get our data so this
is a risk as well.
Limitations of Cloud Computing

1. Availability of services-> access via internet (if you don’t have internet
connectivity so its hard to access the services)
2. Data segregation-> isolation of data of each user (at cloud there are large
number of users data how to segregate each user data)
3. Scaling resources-> sudden demand of increased resource came.
4. Recovery and backup-> how fast and frequently the recovery will done? Its
also the limitation of cloud computing
Working models for cloud computing

●
Deployment models: It defines
the types of access to the cloud
i.e. how the cloud is located?
We have 4 types of deployment
models.
1. Public
2. Private
3. Hybrid
4. Community
Cont.…
1. Public Cloud: the public cloud allows systems and services to be easily
accessible to the general public. It mean to access everyone easily so it is
less secure. Mean services are accessible to everyone.
2. Private cloud: Accessible within an organization so it is more secure
because of its private nature.
3. Hybrid Cloud: It is mixture of public and private clouds. It mean we can get
deployment model to combine both public and private clouds. So the
critical activities should be performed inside private while non-critical
services should be inside public.
4. Community Cloud: It means two or more than two organization to make a
cloud is called community cloud.
Service Models

Cloud computing is based on service models. These are categorized into three
basic service models.
1. Software as a services (SaaS): It provide software applications as a service to
the end user. It refers to a software that is deployed on a host services and is
accessible via internet. There are several software applications listed below.
●
Billing and invoicing system
●
Customer management relationship (CRM)
●
Email application
●
Games
●
MS Office
●
Help desk applications
Applications of SaaS

SaaS mostly used in the following areas

●
Mostly use in Customer management relationship (CRM) for e.g. sales forces
●
Email application
●
Games
●
MS Office
●
Help desk applications
●
Billing and invoicing
This figure is called Client-server
Technology. It mean client
Request for services and server
Provide the services.
Characteristics of SaaS

●
Availability of s/w over the internet for e.g. if you need to use word, excel
etc. can use easily online.
●
Subscription or usage based license
●
Cost effective mean pay as per use
●
On-demand availability mean available at anywhere and at anytime
●
Work on shared model (one s/w can use many clients)
●
Automatic updating of s/w-> the client will always get to work on the latest
version of the s/w.
Benefits of SaaS

●
Modern software tools to use
●
Platform independence to user (if your s/w on cloud use Linux and client
use windows or mac can access via internet easily)

●
Centralized management (if n number of user use the s/w but will handle
the single centralized manager)
Issues in SaaS

●
Browser based risk

●
Network dependence-> s/w services available till there is internet connection.
●
Portability issue-> portability issues among different SaaS models. if we have
two clouds provider and store word file on both clouds if a user want access to
word file so maybe portability issue.
Platform as a service (PaaS)

It offers the runtime environment for applications. It provides platform for

applications. There are several platform applications listed below.
●
Database platform
●
Server platform
●
Deployment tool etc
Benefits of PaaS

1. Lower administrative overhead: Customers need not to bother the

administrative because it is responsibility of cloud provider.
2. Lower total cost of ownership: customer need not to purchase expensive
hardware, servers, power and data storage.
3. Scalable solutions: it is very easy to scale the resources up and down
automatically, based on their demand.
4. More current system software: it is responsibility of cloud provider to
maintain software version and their installations.
Issues of PaaS

1. Portability issues among pass cloud providers

2. Security is a main issue here, need to design some cryptographic
algorithms for the security problem.
Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

It provides access to fundamental resources such as physical machines ,

virtual machines, virtual storage etc. it can also provides other things such as
1. Virtual LAN (VLANs) mean to provide network devices
2. IP addresses mean to get IP address for our machines using IaaS
3. s/w bundles
4. Load balancers
5. Disk storages
Benefits of Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

1. By using IaaS cloud provider can easily locate infrastructure over the
internet in a cost-effective manner.
2. Global accessibility (mean to globally access the infrastructure from
anywhere via internet)
3. Easy integration of devices (mean cloud provider provide whether which
device is compatible or not?)
4. Scalability (its easy if you want to to increase ram of your system)
5. Availability is high (mean if you want to use your infrastructure whether is it
available or not on the internet)
Benefits of Infrastructure as a service issues

1. Compatibility-> here consumer need to use only legacy s/w so it will

increase the cost.
2. Virtual Machine-> mismatch between VM security and cloud provider
security versions.
3. Robustness -> splitting of single system resource into multiple VMs.
4. Data deletion -> if client delete the data then cloud provider should also
delete it.
Characteristics of Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

1. Pre-installed software's on virtual machine

2. Pre-installed OS. For e.g.,, windows, linux etc
3. Resources available on demand
4. Multiple copy of data on different location (it mean if one copy of data
erase then you can switch to another location)
Cloud Computing Architecture

Cloud Computing architecture comprises of many cloud components, which

are loosely coupled. We can broadly divide the cloud architecture into two
parts:
●
Front End
●
Back End
Each of the ends is connected through a network, usually Internet. The
following diagram shows the graphical view of cloud computing architecture:
Cloud Computing Architecture

●
Front End
The front end refers to the client part of cloud computing system. It consists
of interfaces and applications that are required to access the cloud computing
platforms, Example - Web Browser.
●
Back End
The back End refers to the cloud itself. It consists of all the resources
required to provide cloud computing services. It comprises of huge data
storage, virtual machines, security mechanism, services, deployment models,
servers, etc.
Note
“It is the responsibility of the back end to provide built-in security mechanism,
traffic control and protocols.”