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Lecture 4
Outline
• Components of Instruction
• Types of Instruction
• Characteristics and Functions
• Addressing Mode and Formats
• Instruction Formats and Power PC Addressing
• Data processing
• Data storage
• Data movement
• Program flow control
• Instruction Comment
SUB Y, A, B Y A– B
MPY T, D, E T DxE
ADD T, T, C T T+C
DIV Y, Y, T Y YT
• Instruction Comment
MOVE Y, A Y A
SUB Y, B Y Y–B
MOVE T, D T D
MPY T, E T TxE
ADD T, C T T+C
DIV Y, T Y YT
BTECH 2306 Computer Architecture 11
One (1) Address
• Fewer addresses
– Less complex instructions
– More instructions per program
– Faster fetch/execution of instructions
• Immediate
• Direct
• Indirect
• Register
• Register Indirect
• Displacement (Indexed)
• Stack
• No memory access
• Very fast execution
• Very limited address space
• Multiple registers helps performance
• c.f. Direct addressing
• Operation repertoire
– How many operation to provide and how
complex operation should be.
• Data Transfer
• Arithmetic
• Logical
• Conversion
• I/O
• System Control
• Transfer of Control
• Specify
– Source
– Destination
– Amount of data
• Privileged instructions
• CPU needs to be in specific state
• For operating systems use
• Branch
• Skip
• Subroutine call