PAST TENSES

ENGLISH BASIC NURSING

LESSON 2
PAST TENSES:
• Past Simple
• Past Continuous
• Past Perfect
1. Past Simple
e.g.
1. We went to Surabaya last July
2. We visited our grandma’s house two weeks ago.
3. Yesterday, I tasted a very delicious snack
4. I got a called from my friend last night.
5. He opened the window and shouted to his friends.
6. My uncle worked in a supermarket when he was younger.
WE USE THE PAST SIMPLE FOR: - an action that occurred at a definite time (stated
or implied) in the past, actions that happened immediately after one another in the
past, habits or states which are now finished
• TTIME EXPRESSIONS IN SIMPLE PAST TENSES :
Yesterday, last night/week/ month/year/ Friday/October,
etc.; three days/weeks, etc.; ago, in 1999, etc.
2. Past Continuous
• E.g.
1. My little brother was drawing a picture at 8 o'clock in the morning.
2. We were watching the tennis match when the phone rang.
3. I was writing out the invitations while Philip was addressing the envelopes.
WE USE THE PAST CONTINUOUS (was/were + verb -ing) FOR: - an action which
was in progress when another action interrupted it, - two or more simultaneous
actions in the past, - an action which was in progress at a stated time in the past
• TIME EXPRESSIONS: e.g.: A light breeze was blowing
and the sun was shining. While, when, as, all
morning/evening/day/week, at 8 o’clock this morning,
etc
3. Past Perfect
• E.g.
1. Judy had finished her homework by seven o'clock.
2. He had heard the news a few days earlier and he was still in shock.
3. Everyone had been pleasant in the beginning.
4. I had eaten my breakfast before I went to school.
5. The film had started before we arrived.
WE USE PAST PERFECT FOR: - an action which happened before another past, an
action or before a stated time in the past, - an action which finished in the past and
whose result was visible at a later point in the past- a general situation in the past.
• TIME EXPRESSION: Before, after, already, just, for, since,
till/until, when, by the time, never, etc.
4. Past Perfect Continuous
• E.g.
1. They had been talking for over an hour before Tony arrived
2. Mike wanted to sit down because he had been standing all day at work
3. You had been studying English for a very long.
WE USE THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS (had been + verb -ing): - to put
emphasis on the duration of an action , - for an action which lasted for some time
in the For, past and whose result was visible in the past.
TIME EXPRESSION: Since, before, until, etc
 PRESENT AND PAST TENSES (+)
• PRESENT • PAST

1. SIMPLE: 1. SIMPLE:

I speak English every day I spoke English yester day

2. CONTINOUOS: 2. CONTINOUOS:

I am speaking English now I was speaking English at 9 o clock last week

3. PERFECT: 3. PERFECT

I have spoken English just now I had spoken English since I was at
elementary school.
4. PERFECT CONT. :
PERFECT CONT. :
I have been speaking English for 5 years.
I had been speaking English since I was a
child.
 PRESENT AND PAST TENSES (-)
PRESENT PAST

1. SIMPLE: 1. SIMPLE:
I s did not speak English yester day
I do not speak English every day
2. CONTINOUOS:
CONTINOUOS:
I was not speaking English at 9 o clock last
I am not speaking English now week
3. PERFECT: 3. PERFECT
I have not spoken English just now I had not spoken English since I was at
elementary school.
4. PERFECT CONT. :
4. PERFECT CONT. :
I have not been speaking English for 5 years
I had not been speaking English since I was a
child.
 PRESENT AND PAST TENSES (?)
PRESENT PAST

1. SIMPLE: 1. SIMPLE:
Did you speak English yester day?
Do you speak English every day?
2. CONTINOUOS:
2. CONTINOUOS:
Were you speaking English at 9 o clock last
Are you speaking English now? week ?

3. PERFECT: 3. PERFECT
Had you spoken English since you were at
Have you spoken English just now?
elementary school?
4. PERFECT CONT. : 4. PERFECT CONT. :
Have you been speaking English for 5 Had you been speaking English since you were a
years? child?
The different:
PRESENT PAST
1. SIMPLE: 1. SIMPLE:
- V1, V1+s/es (speaks, studies, goes) -V2/V+ed (signed, walked)
- Do, Does - Did
2. CONTINOUOS: 2. CONTINOUOS:
Are/am/is + Ving Was/Were + Ving
3. PERFECT: 3. PERFECT:
Has/Have + V3 Had + V3
4. PERFECT CONT.: 4. PERFECT CONT. :
Has/Have + been + Ving Had + been + Ving
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