PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY

MOINUL ISLAM NASIM

BUFT
 INTRODUCTION

Paper chromatography is a chromatography technique used to separate

mixture of chemical substances into its individual compounds. It is primarily
used as a teaching tool, having been replaced by other chromatography
methods, such as TLC. A paper chromatography variant, two-dimensional
chromatography involves using two solvents and rotating the paper 90° in
between.
 Types of Chromatography

There are following types of Chromatography

 Paper Chromatography
 Thin Layer Chromatography(TLC)
 Gel Chromatography
 Column Chromatography
 Ion Exchange Chromatography
 Gel Filtration Chromatography
 Gas Liquid Chromatography
 Affinity Chromatography
 Sign
Pencil pen

Clip Instrument Water

Filter
Glass
paper
Color analysis:
9 blue

Amount:
Almost 100%
of blue color
Color analysis:
9 blue + 6 Yellow
= 8 Green

Amount:
35% of blue color &
65% of Yellow color
 Deep blue
Light cyan
dull yellow

Amount:
45% of yellow
30% of cyan
25% of Blue
 Retardation Factor (Rf ) Value

  Distance   travelled   by   the  substance  

R𝑓=
Distance   travelled   by   the  solvent  front   
The Rf value helps for the identification of unknown.
Let,
Distance travel by color= 7 cm Distance
Distance travel by water= 10cm Travel by Distance
color Travel by
Rf=(7/ 10)*100% water
= 70%
 Uses for Chromatography

Real-life examples of uses for chromatography:

• Pharmaceutical Company – determine amount of each chemical found in new product

• Hospital – detect blood or alcohol levels in a patient’s blood stream
• Environmental Agency – determine the level of pollutants in the water supply
• Manufacturing Plant – to purify a chemical needed to make a product