Agricultural Machinery Belts, Gears, Shafts and Metal Properties Guide

AGRICULTURAL POWER,
MACHINERY, AND
ALLIED SUBJECTS
Prepared by:
Engr. Alexis T. Belonio
Professional Agricultural Engineer
Department of Agricultural Engineering and Environmental
Management
Central Philippine University
Iloilo City
atbelonio@yahoo.com
When welding deposit is applied to
strengthen peg-tooth of a rice thresher,
this method of treating metal is used.
a. Heat treatment
b. Welding
c. Hard facing
d. None of the above
Answer: Hard facing

Mixing of two or more substances
wherein one of which is metal
a. Casting
b. Forging
c. Alloying
Answer: Alloying
If some belts on multiple v-belt drive
are worn out, it is recommended that
a. Worn-out belts should be
immediately replaced
b. All belts should be replaced
c. Wait until all belts are worn-
out before replacing the belts
Answer: All belts should be

replaced
Which of the following v-belt is larger
and stronger?
a. Type A
b. Type B
c. Type C
d. All of the above
Answer: Type C
Commonly used V-belt for agricultural
operation in the Philippines
a. Type A
b. Type B
c. Type C
d. All of the above
Answer: Type B
A service offered by manufacturers in
repairing and replacing unintentionally
damaged part of a machine to its customers
for a specific period.
a. Manufacturing service
b. Customer’s Service
c. After-sales service
d. All of the above
Answer: After-sales service

Cost of machine including
shipment.
a. Free-on board
b. Freight-on-board
c. Cost-in-freight
Answer: Cost-in-
freight
The strength, durability, and service of a
farm machine depends largely on
a. Cost of material
b. Weight of material
c. Quality of material
d. All of the above
Answer: Quality of
material
A substance commonly used as
coating to protect iron against
corrosion.
a. Tin
b. Zinc
c. Aluminum
d. All of the above
Answer: Zinc
When buying flat belt, the
common parameters used are
a. Width and thickness

b. Width and ply no.
c. Width and weight
Answer: Width and ply

no.
A v-belt whose specification is B-
32 means
a. Type B with circumferential length
of 32 inches
b. Type B with circumferential length
of 32 cm
c. Standard type v-belt whose strength
is 32 times stronger than type B
Answer: Type B with circumferential

length of 32 inches
In a variable-pitch sheaves, the
recommended belts used are
a. Double v-belt
b. Timing v-belt
c. Adjustable speed belt
Answer: Adjustable
speed belt
A device that gives mechanical
advantage.
a. Fulcrum
b. Pulley
c. Wheel and axle
d. All of the above
Answer: All of the above

The smallest gears that are
meshing together.
a. Spur
b. Bevel
c. Pinion
d. All of the above
Answer: Pinion
A type of gear used for power-
take off drive.
a. Worm gear
b. Spur gear
c. Spline shaft gear
Answer: Spline shaft

gear
If roller chain number 40 is to be replaced by
no. 60, the strength of chain is
a. Decreased
b. Increased
c. Remain except the

size
Answer: Increased
The ASAE designation for
adjustable speed v-belt is
a. HA to HD
b. HAA to HCC
c. HI to HO
d. All of the above
Answer: HI to HO
What is the length of arc of a v-belt
on a 66 inches sheaves whose angle
subtended by the arc of belts is equal
to 90 degree.
a. 4.69 in.
b. 3.49 in.
c. 6.94 in.
Answer: 4.69 in.

A component part of machine
that transmits torque and speed
is
a. Bearing
b. Shaft
c. Chain
Answer: Shaft
If the shaft of an engine
rotates at the same speed
with the shaft of the driven
machine on the same axis,
the transmission system is
a. Belt and pulley
b. Sprocket and chain
c. Direct couple drive
Answer: Direct couple drive

A pulley that is used to tighten
belt in a drive system.
a. Flat pulley
b. Idler pulley
c. V-pulley
Answer: Idler pulley

A grove that is placed on a shaft
to prevent pulley from slippage.
a. Keyway
b. Keyhole
c. Key
Answer: Keyway
The recommended drive to
transmit power to a shaft located
about 6 meters is
a. Chain drive
b. Gear drive
c. V-belt drive
Answer: _______
If the desired rotation for two
parallel shafts is counterclockwise,
what flat-bed drive would you
recommend?
a. Open drive
b. Quarter turn drive
c. Cross drive
d. All of the above
Answer: Cross drive

If large target factor of safety is
used in the design, product would
tend to
a. Reliable
b. Expensive
c. Efficient
Answer: Expensive
Standards are used in the design
basically to
a. Reduce cost of product
b. Minimize potential liability
in designing a product
c. Provide easy mechanism
for interchanging
machinery parts.
d. All of the above

A metal sheet with gauge number
equal to 14 means
a. 14 mm thick
b. 14 pieces of metals sheet
in a stock
c. 14 pieces in one inch
thickness
Answer: 14 pieces in one

inch thickness
A 4 feet wide x 8 feet long with
1/8-in. thick is
a. Metal sheet
b. Metal plate
c. Metal strip
Answer: Metal plate

A material commonly used as
axle of agricultural machines
a. Cold rolled steel shaft
b. Malleable steel round
bar
c. Round cast iron
Answer: Cold rolled steel

shaft
The factor that affects the
horsepower requirement of a
shaft.
a. Torque
b. rpm shaft
c. Peripheral velocity of
shaft
d. All of the above

Flat pulleys are provided with
crown to
a. Keep the required tension
of belt
b. Prevent belt slippage
c. Make the pulley durable
Answer: Prevent belt slippage

If the driver pulley diameter is increased, the
speed of the driven pulley will
a. Decrease
b. Increase
c. Rotate at the same
speed
Answer: Increase
If the two shafts are perpendicular with each
other, what type of driven system would you
recommend?
a. Flat belt
b. V-belt
c. Sprocket and
chain
d. All of the above
Answer: Flat belt

The transmission ratio of power
tiller ranged from
a. 1:2 to 1:4
b. 1:7 to 1:10
c. 1:12 to 1:16
d. All of the above
Answer: 1:7 to 1:10

A gauge 20 metal sheet in a 2-inch
pile of sheet has
a. 20 sheets
b. 40 sheets
c. 60 sheets
Answer: 40 sheets
An alloy basically consists of
a. One metal
b. Two metals or more
c. One metal and one
non-metal
Answer: Two metal or

more metals
Steel bars which are commonly used in the
construction of agricultural machines.
a. Spring steel
b. Mild steel
c. Cold rolled steel
d. None of the
above
Answer: Mild steel

A steel bars used as machine axle is
a. Hot rolled steel
b. Cold rolled steel
c. Mild steel
Answer: Cold rolled

steel
It is a welding process that uses an
electrode.
a. Gas welding
b. Resistance welding
c. Arc welding
Answer: Arc welding

The standard length of bars
available at the hardware is
a. 10 ft.
b. 20 ft.
c. 30 ft.
d. None of the
above
Answer: 20 ft.
The higher schedule specification of
pipe, the lower is its
a. Length
b. Nominal diameter
c. Thickness
Answer: None of the

above
The higher is the gauge number of
metal sheet, the lower is the
a. Thickness
b. Width
c. Length
Answer: Thickness
A welding process commonly used
for thin sheets of metal.
a. Brazing
b. Soldering
c. Spot welding
Answer: Soldering
It is the process of making metal
product by pouring melted metal
into a mold and then allowed to cool.
a. Hot working process
b. Casting
c. Powder metallurgy
Answer: Casting
A machine tool used to reduce the
diameter of a metal.
a. Router
b. Power drill
c. Lathe
Answer: Lathe
It is a process of cutting hole to a
material by means of shearing process.
a. Drilling
b. Punching
c. Boring
Answer: Punching
A sand paper with number of C-300
is finer than
a. C-120
b. C-400
c. C-600
Answer: C-120
A screw used to fix metal parts
together.
a. Self-tapping screw
b. Cap screw
c. Lag screw
Answer: Self-tapping
screw
A screw with shield to fix material
property together.
a. Cap screw
b. Tex screw
c. Self-tapping screw
Answer: None of the

above
If a metal has a thickness of less than
1/8 inch it is called as
a. Strips
b. Sheet
c. Plate
d. All of the above
Answer: Sheet
When buying angle bars, the right
specification is
a. Thickness and width
b. Thickness and length
c. Width and length
d. All of the above
Answer: Thickness and

width
Which of the following metals is
stronger?
a. Tool steel
b. Spring steel
c. Stainless steel
d. All of the above
Answer: Tool steel

The higher the carbon content of
steel, the ______
a. Weaker is the steel
b. Stronger is the steel
c. Smaller is the steel
d. Bigger is the steel
Answer: Stronger is the

steel
A tool that cut metal bar faster.
a. Shear cutter
b. Band saw
c. Grinding wheel
Answer: Grinding
wheel
Filing is classified as
a. Cold working
b. Hot working
c. Casting
Answer: Cold working

Ability of material to resist
indention.
a. Brittleness
b. Toughness
c. Hardness
d. All of the above
Answer: Hardness
Property of metal to join together
with other metal at liquid state.
a. Ductility
b. Workability
c. Fusibility
Answer: Fusibility
A machine element used to tighten
bolt.
a. Washer
b. Rivet
c. Nut
d. All of the above
Answer: Nut
A welding process wherein current is
allowed to pass through the prongs of the
welding machine which joined two metal
sheets together.
a. Resistance welding
b. Oxyacetylene welding
c. Arc welding
Answer: Resistance
welding
A material that is resistant to salt
corrosion.
a. Mild steel
b. Cast iron
c. Stainless steel
d. All of the above
Answer: Stainless steel

Which of the metal sheets is thicker
than from gauge 20?
a. Gauge 18
b. Gauge 22
c. Gauge 24
d. Two of the above
Answer: Gauge 18
Materials suitable to resist rusting.
a. GI sheet
b. BI sheet
c. All of the above
Answer: GI sheet
Paint that is most suitable for
metals.
a. Latex paint
b. Enamel paint
c. Acrylic paint
Answer: Acrylic paint

Which is the following is used for
acrylic paint?
a. Paint thinner
b. Lacquer thinner
c. Primer epoxy
Answer: None of the

above
A coating material to protect metal
from rusting.
a. Primer epoxy
b. Red oxide
c. Red lead
d. All of the above

When a machine is driven directly
from the shaft of a power, the power
source is transmitted using
a. Gear drive
b. Sprocket and chain drive
c. Direct drive
Answer: Direct Drive

Belt size designation for agricultural
V-belt is
a. A, B, C, D, E
b. HA, HB, HC, HD, HE
c. AA, BB, CC, DD, EE
Answer: HA, HB, HC,

HD, HE
It is a gripping device between
power sources.
a. Clutch
b. Chain
c. Springs
Answer: Clutch
A machine elements that transmits
torque and power.
a. Pulley
b. Bearing
c. Shaft
Answer: Shaft
It is used to fasten shafts, pulleys,
and hubs of gears together.
a. Bolt
b. Springs
c. Keys
Answer: Keys
A universal joint is
a. A connector which can be used on
all brands of tractor
b. Used to transmit power between
two intersecting shafts usually when
the angle between them is variable
c. A prohibited drug used universally
Answer: Used to transmit power

between two intersecting shafts
usually when the angle between
them is variable
A diesel engine that operates at 2500 rpm will
be used to drive an irrigation pump which
should turn at 1000 rpm. The pulley diameter
for the pump is 4 inches. What is the
recommended pulley for the engine?
a. 2 in.
b. 4 in.
c. 10 in.
Answer: 2 in.
An irrigation pump shall be driven by a single
cylinder engine. The set up has the following data:
Engine rpm=2200, Pump rpm=1800, Diameter of
Engine Pulley=25 cm, what should the diameter of
the pump pulley be?
a. 35.05 cm
b. 30.55 cm
c. 53.05 cm
Answer: 30.55 cm
The length of a flat-belt pulley with the following
data is: Diameter of the first pulley=1800 mm,
Diameter of the second pulley=400 mm, Center
distance of the pulley shaft=10 meters
a. 20.35 m
b. 23.50 m
c. 25.31 m
Answer: 23.50 m
A cassava mill will be driven by 10-hp diesel engine
thru a V-belt drive. The engine has a speed of 1800
rpm while the required speed of the milling machine
is 650 rpm. The effective diameter of the driver
pulley is 12 inches. What is the diameter of the
driven pulley?
a. 25 in.
b. 33 in.
c. 42 in.
Answer: 33 in.
In the given problem in the item above, what
is the required length of V-belt if the center
distance between pulleys is 60 in.?
a. 169 in.
b. 192.5 in.
c. 210 in.
d. None of the
above
Answer: 192.5 in.

If the belt has a capacity rating of
4.5 hp per belt, how many belts are
recommended for the drive?
a. 1 belt
b. 2 belts
c. 4 belts
Answer: ______.
What is the recommended shaft
diameter for the drive in the item above?
a. ½ in.
b. ¾ in.
c. 1 in.
Answer: ¾ in.
The length of chain usually
expressed in
a. Inches
b. Meters
c. Pitches
Answer: pitches
A device usually used to connect to
shafts on a direct drive system.
a. Clutch
b. Coupler
c. Pulley
Answer: Coupler
Warranty of parts and services for
heated-air mechanical grain dryer based
on PAE Standards is within___ after the
acceptance of the machine.
a. 6 months
b. 12 months
c. 18 months
d. 24 months
e. None of the above
Answer: 12 months
It is the ratio of the heat released by
the fuel heated air mechanically
dryer to the theoretical heat
available from the fuel.
a. Burner efficiency
b. Furnace efficiency
c. Combustion efficiency
Answer: Combustion
efficiency
In testing agricultural machines as prescribed
in the PAES standard of the, it should be
operated by_____.
a. Farmers
b. Traders/cooperatives
c. Manufacturer(s)
representatives
d. Accredited testing
organization
Answer: Manufacturer(s)
representatives
Holding capacity of the mechanical
dryer testing as prescribed by PAES
should be based on the ___ and other
accompanying information such as
moisture content and purity.
a. Volume
b. Weight
c. Density
Answer: Weight
Milling test of samples during the test of
mechanical grain dryer based on PAES
standard test should be conducted at least
___after drying test.
a. 24 hours
b. 48 hours
c. 36 hours
Answer: 48 hours
Thermometer sensors during testing
of agricultural machines should be
partially shielded to minimize ___.
a. Mechanical damage of
thermometer sensor
b. Error from heat of
radiation effect
c. Error from conduction of
heat from wall of the
machine
Answer: Error from heat of
radiation effect
The minimum number of trials required
in testing heated air mechanical grain
dryer as specified in PAES.
a. One
b. Two
c. Three
Answer: Two
Time interval of measurement of test
parameters in heated air mechanical dryer as
specified in the PAES Test Method .
a. 15 minutes
b. 30 minutes
c. 45 minutes
d. 60 minutes
Answer: 30 minutes
Commonly used threshing cylinder
for axial flow rice thresher.
a. Peg tooth
b. Rasp bar
c. Wire loop
Answer: Peg tooth

The shaft rpm of the rice thresher
will need to be ___ if the diameter of
the threshing cylinder is reduced.
a. Increased
b. Reduced
c. Remain the same
Answer: Increased
Warranty of the construction and
durability of the mechanical rice
thresher according to PAES standard
shall be within ___after the purchase of
the machine.
a. 6 months
b. 12 months
c. 18 months
d. 24 months
Answer: 6 months
All rotating parts of the agricultural
machines as provided in the PAES
should be
a. Rigid
b. Dynamically balanced
c. Uniform in speed
Answer: Dynamically
balanced
Which of the following parts are treated to be
dangerous as stated in PAES for ensuring
safety in agricultural machinery?
a. Pulleys
b. Clutches
c. Coupling
d. All of the above

Recommended material in the
manufacture of pin sleeve and hitch
pin for walking type power tiller.
a. Mild steel
b. Cold rolled steel
c. Spring steel
Answer: Cold rolled steel

A centrifugal pump that develop a vacuum
sufficient enough for atmospheric pressure
to force the liquid through the suction pipes
into the pump casing without initially
feeding the pump to create suction.
a. Pressure pump
b. Self priming pump
c. Mixed flow pump
Answer: Self priming pump

A type of pump which develops
most of the suction and discharge
head by propelling or lifting action
of the impeller vanes on the water.
a. Axial-flow pump
b. Centrifugal pump
c. Mixed flow pump
Answer: Axial-flow pump

It is the formation of the void
spaces filled with water vapor
due to local pressure drop and
collapse as soon as the vapor
bubbles reach regions of high
pressures.
a. Water hammer
b. Cavitations
c. Bubbling
Answer: Cavitations
A type of pump with vanes or impellers rotating
inside a close housing which draws water in to the
pump through a central inlet opening and forces the
water out through a discharge outlet at the
periphery of the housing.
a. Axial-flow pump
b. Centrifugal pump
c. Mixed flow pump
Answer: Centrifugal
pump
A type of pump which combines some of the feature
of both the centrifugal and axial-flow pump and in
which head is developed partly by the centrifugal
force and partially by the lift of the vanes on the
water.
a. Self priming pump
b. Diffuser type centrifugal pump
c. Mixed flow pump
Answer: Mixed flow pump

This represents the interrelationship
between capacity, head power, NPSH,
and the efficiency of the pump.
a. Pump characteristics
b. Performance curve
c. Pump laws
Answer: Performance
curve

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AGRICULTURAL POWER,

Answer: Hard facing

Answer: All belts should be

Answer: After-sales service

a. Width and thickness

Answer: Width and ply

Answer: Type B with circumferential

Answer: All of the above

Answer: Spline shaft

c. Remain except the

Answer: 4.69 in.

Answer: Direct couple drive

Answer: Idler pulley

Answer: Cross drive

Answer: All of the above

Answer: 14 pieces in one

Answer: Metal plate

Answer: Cold rolled steel

Answer: All of the above

Answer: Prevent belt slippage

Answer: Flat belt

Answer: 1:7 to 1:10

Answer: Two metal or

Answer: Mild steel

Answer: Cold rolled

Answer: Arc welding

Answer: None of the

Answer: None of the

Answer: Thickness and

Answer: Tool steel

Answer: Stronger is the

Answer: Cold working

Answer: Stainless steel

Answer: Acrylic paint

Answer: None of the

Answer: All of the above

Answer: Direct Drive

Answer: HA, HB, HC,

Answer: Used to transmit power

Answer: 192.5 in.

d. None of the above

Answer: Peg tooth

Answer: All of the above

Answer: Cold rolled steel

Answer: Self priming pump

Answer: Axial-flow pump

Answer: Mixed flow pump

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