Energy Performance Assessment of

Electric Motor
Presented by:
Anil Lama (074MSESP002)
Anjay Sah (074MSESP003)
Kishor Ghimire (074MSESP010)
Rabi Sapkota (074MSESP012)
William Shrestha (074MSESP020)
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 Introduction : Electric Motors
Device that converts electric energy into mechanical energy

Types:
 AC motors and DC motors

AC motors DC Motors
• Induction Motors • Permanent Magnet
- Slip ring (or wound Motors
rotor) motors • Separately excited
- Squirrel cage motors Motors
• Synchronous motors • Self Excited motors
- Series wound
- Shunt wound
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- Compound wound
 Motor characteristics
Speed

Power factor

Loading factor

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Motor Loading
Most electric motors are designed to run at 50% to 100% of rated
load and Maximum efficiency is usually near 75% of rated load.
A motor’s efficiency tends to decrease dramatically below about
50% load.
 Proper loading of motors enable to make informed decisions
about when to replace motors and which replacements to choose.
Measuring motor loads is relatively quick and easy when using
the techniques discussed in this fact sheet. One should perform a
motor load and efficiency analysis on all of your major working
motors as part of your preventative maintenance and energy
conservation program.

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 Efficiency
Efficiency

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 Input power Measurement
Input power Measurement: With measured parameters
taken from hand-held instruments.

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 Power losses in Motors
Portion of input power that is converted into heat rather than
driving the load.
Can be divided into two categories:
Fixed losses: Assumed to be constant from no-load to full-
load.
- Magnetic core losses (hysteresis losses and eddy current
losses)
- Mechanical friction loss: (losses in bearing, brushes and
aerodynamics losses in fans )
Variable losses: Depends upon the motor load and motor
current
- Stator and Rotor I2R Losses : (losses in stator and rotor
winding
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 Measurement of losses
No-Load Test: The motor is run at rated voltage and
frequency without any shaft load.
Input power, current, frequency and voltage are noted.
From the input power, stator I2R losses under no load are
subtracted to give the sum of Friction and Windage (F&W)
and core losses.

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Stator and Rotor I2R Losses :
The stator winding resistance is directly measured by a bridge
or volt amp method.
The resistance must be corrected to the operating temperature.
The correction factor is given as follows :

Rotor I2R losses are measured from measurement of rotor slip.

Accurate measurement of slip is possible by stroboscope or

non-contact type tachometer. Slip also must be corrected to
operating temperature.

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Stray Load Losses :
These losses are difficult to measure with any accuracy.
IEEE Standard 112 gives a complicated method, which is
rarely used on shop floor.
 IS and IEC standards take a fixed value as 0.5 % of output.
IEEE - 112 spec-ifies values from 0.9 % to 1.8 %.

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 Motor selection
Application
Duty/load cycle
Ambient Condition
Power requirement and control system
Reliability
Inventory condition
Price

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 Energy Efficient Motors
Those motors in which design improvement are
incorporated to increase the operating efficiency.
Improvement includes lower loss silicon steel , thinner
laminations, thicker winding wires, superior bearings and
smaller fans, smaller air gap between stator and rotor etc.
Are made to operate without loss in efficiency in loads
between 75% to 100%. Hence beneficial in varying loading
conditions.

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 Minimizing watt loss in motors

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 Energy conservation Measures
Switch off when not required
Replacement of oversized motor with appropriately
sized motor:

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 Thank
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You!