Exercise physiology

Main sources of energy

• From quickest to slowest

• Phosphocreatine (phosphagen) system

• Glycolysis (lactate system)
• Krebs and oxidative phosphorylation system (aerobic system)
• (Beta oxidation system)
Oxidative
Phosphorylation
Regenerating PCr
Recycling lactate
CO: HR vs SV tradeoff
• in healthy, lung never reaches above >60% of ventilatory (diffusion)
potential
• we are perfusion/flow limited
Explain the purpose of the phosphagen system
and how phosphocreatine stores are regenerated
• The phosphagen system is the fastest source of ATP for muscles. It provides
ATP 4 times faster than the aerobic system and 2 times faster than the
glycolysis/lactate system. Phosphocreatine (P-Cr) is stored in the
sarcoplasm of myocytes. When ATP is required, the phosphate is hydrolyzed
off the P-Cr and “added” to ADP to form ATP (phosphorylation of ADP).

• PCr requires energy/ATP to be regenerated. A phosphate is hydrolyzed off

ATP and “added” to creatine (phosphorylation of creatine). The ATP used in
this reaction originates from the highly efficient aerobic system involving
the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. The reaction occurs post-
exercise and thus contributes to “oxygen debt”.