AGRICULTURE

AND
INDUSTRY
PREPARED BY:
BELDIA, PITCHIE MAE G.
EMIA, ARVIN JAY
SALVADOR, KEITCH JONH
SARNO, SUSSY FAIVE
AGRICULTURE VS. INDUSTRY

to create and support lifestyles that differ from

each other
 AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRY
• Agriculture is focused on the working of • Industry is focused more on
soil and other facilities to produce crops,
animals and trees for human refining and processing raw
consumption or further refinement into materials into products for sale
products
 AGRICULTURE
• the art and science of growing plants and other
crops and the raising of animals for food, other
human needs, or economic gain .
• Two main division:
• plant or crop production
• animal livestock production

• ultimate purpose is for food production

• other human needs such as clothing, medicines,
tools, artistic display and dwelling, or for economic
gain or profit.
 AGRICULTURE
• 1. Agriculture is an enterprise or business, activity or practice. It is synonymous
to farming.
• 2. The practice of agriculture is based on systematized body of knowledge
(science) and requires skill (art).
• 3. Agriculture often involves the cultivation of the soil to grow plants and the
raising of animals for human needs. The words crops and livestock are also used.
However, both words are special or technical.
• 4. Agriculture is practiced for the purpose of producing food and other human
needs such as clothing, shelter, medicines, weapons, tools, ornaments, and
indefinitely many more. It is likewise practiced as a business for economic gain.
The ultimate purpose is essentially important in clarifying what is agriculture.
 TYPES OF AGRICULTURE
Industrialized Agriculture Subsistence Agriculture

• where large quantities of crops • Subsistence agriculture is when a

and livestock are produced farmer lives on a small amount of
through industrialized land and produces enough food to
techniques for the purpose of feed his or her household and have a
sale. small cash crop.
 SUB SECTORS OF AGRICULTURE

• The country's
agriculture sector is
made up of 4 sub-
sectors: farming,
fisheries, livestock, and
forestry
• Agriculture in the Philippines employs
27.7% of the Filipino workforce as of
2017, according to the World Bank.
 SUB SECTORS OF AGRICULTURE

• The crops subsector which contributed 53.76 percent to total

agricultural output went up by 1.79 percent. Palay and corn posted
production increases of 4.61 percent and 4.66 percent,
respectively. Improvements in production were also noted among
the major crops such as coconut, banana, pineapple, tobacco,
abaca, peanut, mongo, tomato, eggplant and rubber. The
subsector grossed PhP 252.2 billion at current prices, up by 8.24
percent from previous year’s record.
 SUB SECTORS OF AGRICULTURE

• The livestock subsector registered a 2.11 percent

growth in output. It shared 16.96 percent in the total
agricultural production. Hog, the major growth driver,
increased by 2.39 percent. The gross value of livestock
production amounted to PhP 75.5 billion at current prices
which was 15.46 percent more than last year’s record.
 SUB SECTORS OF AGRICULTURE

• Production in the fisheries subsector declined by 4.61

percent. The subsector contributed 13.36 percent to the total
agricultural output. Except for skipjack and seaweed, all the major
species recorded lower production levels. The subsector grossed
PhP 58.8 billion. This represented a 4.63 percent improvement
compared to last year’s gross earnings.
 SUB SECTORS OF AGRICULTURE

• Forestry subsector increased by 0.5

percent in the second quarter of 2018, but
slower than the 25.8 percent growth in
the previous year.
• On the average, farmgate prices went up by 7.36 percent
during the first quarter of 2018. Price uptrends were
recorded in all subsectors; crops at 6.33 percent, livestock
at 13.07 percent, poultry at 3.13 percent, and fisheries at
9.68 percent.
• The country's main agricultural crops are rice, corn,
coconut, sugarcane, bananas, pineapple, coffee, mangoes,
tobacco, and abaca (a banana-like plant). Secondary crops
include peanut, cassava, camote (a type of rootcrop),
garlic, onion, cabbage, eggplant, calamansi (a variety of
lemon), rubber, and cotton.
MAJOR CONCERNS IN AGRICULTURE
MAJOR CONCERNS

• Rampant conversion of agricultural land into golf courses,

residential subdivisions, and industrial parks or resorts
• Environmental damage
• Reliance on Chemical-based Fertilizers
• Do not received adequate resources for the funding of
critical programs or projects
ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN
THE ECONOMY
ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT

• The agricultural sector is the heart of the economies of

the least-developed countries (LDCs).
• It has already made a significant contribution to the
economic prosperity of advanced countries and its role in
the economic development of less developed countries is
of vital importance.
“ Increase in agricultural production and the rise in the
per-capita income of the rural community, together with
the industrialisation and urbanisation, lead to an
increased demand in industrial production-

Dr. Bright Singh.

”
In other words, where per capita real income is low,
emphasis is being laid on agriculture and other
primary industries.
ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT

• The history of England is clear

evidence that Agricultural Revolution
preceeded the Industrial Revolution
ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT
• 1. Contribution to National Income
• 2. Source of Food Supply:
• 3. Pre-Requisite for Raw Material
• 4. Provision of Surplus
• 5. Shift of Manpower
• 6. Creation of Infrastructure
• 7. Relief from Shortage of Capital
• 8. Helpful to Reduce Inequality
• 9. Based on Democratic Notions
• 10. Create Effective Demand
• 11. Helpful in Phasing out Economic Depression
• 12. Source of Foreign Exchange for the Country
• 13. Contribution to Capital Formation
• 14. Employment Opportunities for Rural People
• 15. Improving Rural Welfare
• 16. Extension of Market for Industrial Output
• Agricultural development is a must for the economic development
of a country. Even developed countries lay emphasis on
agricultural development.
According to Muir, Agricultural progress is essential to provide food
for growing non-agricultural labour force, raw materials for
industrial production and saving and tax revenue to support
development of the rest of the economy, to earn foreign exchange
and to provide a growing market for domestic manufactures.
INDUSTRY
INDUSTRY AND ITS EFFECT ON DEVELOPING ECONOMIES
 INDUSTRY
• Industry is the production of goods and related services
within an economy. Manufacturing is the major driving
force of industry, especially as it relates to the collection,
processing and incorporation of raw materials into
tangible products for sale.
• For example, mining, construction, transportation, shipping and aerospace
•
 FOUR TYPES OF INDUSTRY
• Primary Industry- involves getting raw material; Extract raw materials (which are natural
products) from the land or sea e.g. oil, iron ore, timber, fish. Mining, quarrying, fishing, forestry,
and farming are all example of primary industries
• Secondary industry - involves the process and manufacturing of raw materials; Involve the
manufacture of raw materials, into another product by manual labour or machines; Secondary
industries ofen use assembly lines e.g. a car factory
• Tertiary Industry - provides services and selling of finished goods; Neither produce a raw
material nor make a product; Instead they provide services to other people and industries;
Tertiary industries can include doctors, dentists, refuse collection and banks.
• Quaternary Industry - involves research and development industries; Involve the use of high
tech industries.; People who work for these companies are ofen highly qualified within their field
of work; Research and development companies are the most common types of businesses in this
sector.
 INDUSTRIALIZATION
• Industrialization is the process by which an economy is transformed from
primarily agricultural to one based on the manufacturing of goods.
• Industrialization plays a vital role in the economic development of
underdeveloped countries. As the historical record shows, the developed
countries of the world broke the vicious cycle of poverty by industrializing,
rather than focusing on agricultural or the production of national resources.
• Currently, Pakistan, as a developing country, wants to achieve a higher standard
of living for its people. For this reason, it is pursuing policies that support
privatization and deregulation of the economy.
EFFECTS ON DEVELOPING ECONOMIES
• 1. Increase in National Income
• 2. Higher Standard of Living
• 3. Economic Stability
• 4. Improvement in Balance of Payments
• 5. Stimulated Progress in Other Sectors
• 6. Increased Employment Opportunities
• 7. Greater Specialization of Labor
• 8. Rise in Agricultural Production
• 9. Greater Control of Economic Activity
• 10. Larger Scope for Technological Progress
• 11. Reduction in the Rate of Population Growth
• 12. Increased Savings and Investments
• 13. Provision for Defense
• 14. Lesser Pressure on Land
• 15. Development of Markets
• 16. Increase in Government Revenue
4 GROWING INDUSTRIES IN THE
PHILIPPINES
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TOURISM
SERVICE
 CONSTRUCTI
ON
• The construction industry will definitely be a top contributor to the
country’s growth in the next five to six years. With the
government’s focus on infrastructure, local and international
construction firms should see a rise in opportunities thanks to
government projects lined up and ready for anyone to take part of.
• According to the numbers from PSA, the construction grew by 11.0
percent in the fourth quarter of 2016, way faster than the 8.2
percent growth during the same time in 2015. These numbers are
expected to rise with several projects already lined up for 2017.
 MANUFACTURING
• It’s still the country’s top contributor towards our economic growth.
Petroleum, transport equipment, beverage industries, and food are
the top contributors within the manufacturing industry. With more
roads being built, there should be more ways for manufacturers to
put up factories in the country, which will help the industry even
more.
• A 6.9 percent growth during the fourth quarter of 2016 may not be
much compared to 2015’s 6.1, but with an overall increase of 7
percent in 2016 compared to 2015’s 5.7 percent? That’s enough
growth for us to put money into manufacturing.
 TOURISM
• A push for a more inclusive growth won’t be good if it won’t be able to bring in more
people to generate even more interest. The tourism industry is one of the country’s
fastest-growing industries thanks to how accessible travelling has become.
• Tourists have been flocking into the country, and though the PSA did not provide
numbers, data from the Department of Tourism has shown that more and more people
are looking to visit the country.
• The establishment of the Tourism Infrastructure and Economic Zone Authority (TIEZA), in
particular, will help push the tourism industry towards the top by looking for and
developing the next Boracay, Palawan, and Cebu.
 SERVICE
• The service sector may have slowed down in terms of growth
(6.3% in 2016 to 7.3% in 2015), but these numbers should rise
thanks to how much the tourism sector will bring in this year.
• 2016’s biggest improvement in services came from the education
sector, which grew to 7.5 percent, followed by hotels and
restaurants (6.2) and recreation (5.1). With expansions imminent
for the tourism and gaming industry, providers who can get
people working for hotels, restaurants, and recreational
activities will surely rise.
 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRY