Power Supply Section

This Unit Provides the Energy Required by

the Hydraulic System. It Usually Consists of
• Drive Unit
• Hydraulic Pump
• Pressure Relief Valve
• Reservoir
• Filter
• Cooler/Heater
Power Supply Section
Drive Unit

Hydraulic Systems are Driven by Motors

(Electrical Motors, Combustion Engines).
• Electrical Motors Generally Provide the
Mechanical Power for the Pump in
Stationary Hydraulics
• Combustion Engines are Generally used in
Mobile Hydraulics
 Hyd r au li c P um p s

• The Most Important Component in the

Power Supply Unit is the Hydraulic
Pump.
• This Draws in the Hydraulic Fluid from
the Reservoir and Delivers it via a
System of Lines in the Hydraulic
Installation Against the Opposing
Resistance.
 Hydraulic Pumps

• The Pump Basically Performs Two Functions:

• It Creates a Partial Vacuum at the Pump Inlet

Port. The Vacuum Enables the Atmospheric
Pressure to Force Fluid from the Reservoir into the
Pump.
• The Mechanical Action of the Pump Traps this
Fluid within the Pump Cavities, Transports it
Through the Pump, and Forces it into the
Hydraulic System.
Hydraulic Pumps

• The Pump Basically Performs Two Functions:

• It Creates a Partial Vacuum at the Pump Inlet

Port. The Vacuum Enables the Atmospheric
Pressure to Force Fluid from the Reservoir into
the Pump.

• The Mechanical Action of the Pump Traps this

Fluid within the Pump Cavities, Transports it
Through the Pump, and Forces it into the
Hydraulic System.
Hydraulic Pumps

• It is Often Assumed that Pumps Create Pressure,

but the Sole Purpose of Pumps is to Create Flow.
• Pressure is Created by Resistance to Flow.
• A Pump is a Mechanism Designed to Produce the
Flow Necessary for the Development of Pressure.
• It Cannot Itself Produce Pressure, Since it Cannot
Provide Resistance to its Own Flow.
Hydraulic Pumps

Three Basic Types of Hydraulic Pump Can be Distinguished

on the Basis of the Displacement Volume:
Constant Pumps
Fixed Displacement Volume
• Adjustable Pumps
Adjustable Displacement Volume
• Variable Capacity Pumps
Regulation of Pressure, Flow Rate or
Power, Regulated Displacement Volume.
 Hydraulic Pumps

Constant Flow, Displacement Pump

• Type
• Gear Pump
• Vane Pump
• Piston Pump
• Function
• To Displace Fluid and Create Flow
 Hydraulic Pumps

Constant Flow, Displacement Pump

• Pump Rating
• Rated by the Amount of Fluid that Can be
Displaced for Each Revolution of the Pump
Shaft
• Specified in Cubic Inches or Cubic
Centimeter per Revolution
• Theoretical Value
 Hydraulic Pumps

Positive Displacement Pump

• Function
• Delivers to the System a Specific
Amount of Fluid per Stroke,
Revolution or Cycle
 Hydraulic Pumps

Positive Displacement Pump

• Classification
• Fixed Displacement Pump:
Have a Displacement Which Cannot be Changed
Without Replacing Certain Components

• Variable Displacement Pump:

Vary the Size of Pumping Chamber by Using
External Controls
Hydraulic Pumps
Hydraulic Pumps
Hydraulic Pumps
Hydraulic Pumps
Hydraulic Pumps

Gear Pumps are

Fixed Displacement
Pumps Since the
Displaced Volume
which is Determined
by the Tooth Gap is
Not Adjustable.
Hydraulic Pumps
Hydraulic Pumps
 Hydraulic Pumps
Nominal Values of the Commonest Pump Types
Construction p/max revs/min and max. Q in l/min Flow Efficiency
Compensated external gear pump 120 to 200 500 to 3500 300 pulsing 50…90
Internal gear pump 300 300 to 3000 100 slightly pulsing 60…90
Vane pumps
Constant 200 1000 200 slightly pulsing 65…85
3500
Variable 150 1000 200 slightly pulsing 70…80
2500
Axial piston pump 250 to 350 500 to 3500 100..500 pulsing 80…90
Radial piston pump 300 to 700 200 to 3000 125 pulsing 80…90
Screw pump 160 500 to 3500 100 non-pulsing 60…80
These values and guidelines may vary
 Hydraulic Reservoir

The reservoir in a hydraulic system

fulfils several tasks.

• It Acts as an Intake and Storage

Reservoir for the Hydraulic
Fluid Required for Operation of
the System;
• It Dissipates Heat;
• It separates air,water and
solid material.
it suports built-in or built-on
motor,pump&other hydraulic
componens.
Hydraulic Reservoir
 Hydraulic Reservoir

The Reservoir Consists of

• Reservoir Body
• Intake and Return Lines
• Baffle and Separating Plate
• Ventilation and Exhaust
• Magnetic Plug
 Hydraulic Reservoir

The Size of the Reservoir Depends on

• Pump Delivery
• The Heat Resulting from Operation
• The Volume of Liquid
• The Place of Application
• The Circulation Time
 Hydraulic Reservoir

The Volume of Liquid Supplied by the Pump in 3

to 5 Minutes can be Used as a Reference Value
for Deciding the Size of the Reservoir Required
for Stationary Systems.
 Hydraulic Filter

The Task of the Filter is to Reduce the

Contamination in the System to an Acceptable Level
in Order to Protect the Various Components from
Excessive Wear.
Hydraulic Filter
Hydraulic Fluid

The Fluid in the Hydraulic System Performs Various Tasks:

• Transmission of Hydraulic Energy
• Prevention of Corrosion of Moving Internal Parts
• Removal of Dirt, Abrasive Matter, etc
• Dissipation of Heat