WEARABLE BIOSENSORS

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to:- ▣ Niteeshkumar
▣   Ece-A
k.s.chakradhar
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 Contents
 Introduction
 Need for a wearable biosensor
 Components of a Biosensor
 Ring Sensor
 Smart Shirt
 Applications
 Conclusion
 References
 Introduction
Wearable Biosensor = Wearable + Biosensor

Wearable Biosensor
• Object that can be • Biosensor is an analytical
worn on body. device used for detection
• e.g. smart watches, of analyte.
ring, • e.g. Blood Glucose
shirts etc. Detector
 Wearable
• WearableBiosensor
monitoring devices that allow
continuous monitoring of physiological signals.

• They rely on wireless sensors enclosed in items that can be

worn, such as ring or shirt.

• The data sets recorded using these systems are then processed
to detect patient’s clinical situations.

• Biosensor is an analytical device, which converts

a
biological response into electrical signal.
 Need for a wearable biosensor
 Remote monitoring of
patients

 Training support for

athletes who work with

 Monitoring of
 individuals
Tracking of professional truck driver’s vital signs
hazardous
to alert elements
them ex:coal of
minefatigue
 Use of wearable devices allow continuous
monitoring monitoring of
physiological signals

 Wearable systems are totally non-obtrusive devices that allow

physicians to overcome the limitations of ambulatory
technology

 Detects events predictive of possible worsening of

the patient’s clinical situations
 Components Of Wearable Biosensor

Three main components of wearable biosensors are:

• Biological element: For sensing the presence and

concentration of a substance or analyte.

• Transducer: The product of interaction of biological

component and sample may be a suitable chemical, charge
etc., which can be converted by transducer into an electrical
signal.

• Associated Electronic Devices: The electrical signal may be

further amplified and can be read on digital panels
 Types Of Wearable Biosensor
⚫ Ring Sensor:
It allows one to continuously
monitor heart rate and oxygen saturation.
The device is shaped like a ring.

⚫ Smart Shirt:
This technology has been used to
integrate sensors for monitoring the vital
signs like temperature, heart rate and
respiration rate.
 About Ring Sensor
⚫ It is a pulse oximetry, i.e.
it monitors the oxygen saturation.
⚫ It is based on the concept
of photoconductor.

Principles :-
⚫ Detection pulsatile blood volume changes by
photoelectric method by photo resistor

⚫ Photo resistor is connected as a part of voltage divider

circuit and produces a voltage that varies with the amount of
blood in the finger.

 Components:

⚫ LED’s and Photodiodes

• Optical sensor unit
• PIC microcontroller
• RF transmitter
• Tiny cell battery
• Use of double ring structure.
• First stage amplifier
• Signal Amplifier
• Sample and hold circuit.
 Working Of Ring Sensor
⚫ In order to detect blood volume changes due to heart
contraction and expansion by photoelectric method, normally
photo resistors are used.

⚫ Light is emitted by LED and transmitted through the artery and

the resistance of photo resistor is determined by the amount of
light reaching it.

⚫ Oxygenated blood absorb more light than deoxygenated blood

⚫ A noise cancellation filter also known as an op-amp is used to

cancel the noise signals due to motion of the finger.
 Applications
⚫ Wireless supervision of people during hazardous
operations.

⚫ In an overcrowded emergency department.

⚫ surveillance of abnormal heart failure.

⚫ In cardio-vascular disease for monitoring the hyper tension.

Advantages Disadvantages
 Continuous monitoring.  Initial cost is high.

 Easy to use.  Limited number of

 Reducing hospitalization fee physiological parameters can be

monitored.
 About Smart Shirts

⚫ This smart shirt provides an

extremely versatile framework for the
incorporation of sensing, monitoring
and information processing devices.

• It uses optical fibers to detect bullet wounds and special sensors

interconnects to monitor the body vital signs during combat
conditions.

• It is used to integrate sensors for monitoring the vital signs like

temperature, heart rate and respiration rate.
 Working of Smart Shirt
⚫ A combat soldier , pulls the smart shirt on, and attaches the
sensors to the smart shirt.

⚫ A “signal” is sent from one end of t optical fiber to a receiver at

the other end. The emitter and the receiver are connected to a
Personal Status Monitor (PSM) worn at the hip level by the
soldier.

⚫ If the light from the emitter does not reach the receiver inside the
PSM, it signifies that the smart shirt has been penetrated (i.e.;
the soldier has been shot).

⚫ The signal bounces back to the PSM forum the point of

penetration, helping the medical personnel pinpoint the exact
location the solider wounds.
⚫ Information on the soldiers wound and the condition is
immediately transmitted electronically from the PSM to a
medical unit.
 Applications Of smart shirt
⚫ Combat casualty care.
⚫ Medical monitoring.
⚫ Sports/ Performance monitoring.
⚫ Space experiments.
⚫ Mission critical/ hazardous application.
⚫ Fire- fighting.
⚫ Wearable mobile information infrastructure.

Advantages Disadvantages
 Continuous monitoring.  Initial cost is high
 Right Treatment at the right time  Battery life is less
 Easy to wear and takeoff.
 Conclusion
⚫ Applied to restricted area of potential market.

⚫ Limitations: Sensitivity And battery life.

⚫ Advanced technologies such as the smart shirt have at partial to

dramatically alter its landscape of healthcare delivery and at
practice of medicine as we know them today.

⚫ It is leading to the realization of “Affordable Healthcare, Any

place, Anytime, Anyone”.
 References

 H.Harry , “Mobile monitoring with wearable sensors”.

 Park and Jayaraman, ”Enhancing the quality of life through

wearable technology”.

 Handbook of biomedical instrumentation .

 www.wikipedia.com.
Thank You…