ROBOTICS

Prepared by:
Narendra Kumar
ECE (8074)
Univ R.No:80802108069
 Robot and Robotics??

A robot is a machine that reduces human efforts.

Robotics is the science and technology of
robots, their design, manufacture, and
application. It requires a working knowledge of
electronics, mechanics and software.
 Three Laws of Robotics
A robot may not injure a human being, or through
inaction, allow a human being to come harm;
A robot must obey the orders given it by human
beings except where such orders would conflict the
first law;
A robot must protect its own existence as long as
such protection does not conflict with the first or
second laws.
Later, Asimov added the “zero’s” law;
 A robot may not injure humanity, or, through
inaction, allow humanity to come to harm.
 Types of Robots

Industrial Robots
Mobile Robots
Humanoids
Cooperative Robotics
Neuromorphics
Biomorphics Industrial Robots
 Different Robots

Humanoid Cooperative Robots Mobile

Robot
 Sensors

Sensory System: In order for robots to interact

with its surroundings, it must collect information
around it. Hence, generally all robots are
equipped with sensory systems for acquiring
feedback from the environment.
 Types of Sensors
Rangefinders
Light Sensors
Laser Rangefinder
Color Sensors
Rotation Sensors

Photo-Transistor

Colour Sensor
 Types of Sensors
Contact and Proximity Sensors
Vision and Acoustic Sensors
Humidity Sensors
Thermal Sensors
GPS

Thermal Sensor
An actuator is an electronic and mechanical
output device for moving or controlling a
mechanism or system. These are the devices,
which transform an input signal, such as
electrical signal, into motion.
 Types of Actuators
Electric Motors
Pneumatic Actuators
Hydraulic Actuators
Piezoelectric Actuators

Piezoelectric Actuators
 Types of Actuators
Relays
Display devices such as LED, LCD etc.
Audio devices such as buzzer, loudspeaker etc
Vibrators

Buzzer Vibrator
 Gears
Gears are mechanical parts with cut teeth
designed to mesh with teeth in another part so as
to transmit or receive force and motion.
 Need of Gears ?
Gears essentially effect the parameters such as
torque and velocity of the motors used in the
robots. They are used to transfer motion from one
shaft to other while keeping the shafts
synchronized.
 Types of Gears
Spur Gears(~90% efficiency)
Helical Gears(~80% efficiency)

Helical Gears Spur Gears

 Types of Gears
Worm Gears(~70% efficiency)
Bevel Gears(~70% efficiency)
Rack and pinion Gears(~90% efficiency)

Bevel Gears Worm Gears Rack and Pinion Gears

 Electric Motors
Brushed Direct Current (DC) Motor

Brushless DC Motor

Brushed DC Motor

Brushless DC Motor
 Electric Motors
Stepper Motor

RC Servo Motor

Stepper Motor

RC Servo Motor
 Other Essentials
Revoboard
Microcontroller
Motor and motor driver
IR sensor module, transmitter and receiver
Power supply

IR Sensor Module
 Revobot and its Features

Obstacle detection and avoidance

Line follower
Pit avoidance
Color follower
 Project
Sumobot
THANK YOU