WASTE MANAGEMENT

& ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Josephine T. Garcia, PhD

Farming produces by products,
some of which are potential
pollutants of soil, water or air

The production of these by

products should be minimized
while others are resources that
can be recycled
GAP … in terms of waste
management

•Recycle organic wastes and

inorganic materials, where
possible.

• Minimize non-usable wastes and

dispose of them responsibly.
• Store fertilizers and
agrochemicals securely and in
accordance with legislation.

• Establish emergency action

procedures to minimize the risk of
pollution from accidents.

• Maintain accurate records of

energy use, storage, and
disposal
The first step in managing
waste is to determine the type
of waste generated on the
property
Examples of waste products are:

•Inert Materials –metals, rubble,

glass

•Persistent materials – timber

(boxes, bins, pallets), packaging
(cartons, polystyrene, boxes, plastic
films and bags, plastic (seedling
trays, fertilizer and seed bags,
plastic mulch, irrigation pipes and
tape), tires
•Biodegradable materials –paper
and cardboard (office paper waste),
substrates (peat, coconut pulp),
spent hydroponic solutions, reject
plants and vegetative wastes,
reject produce

•Toxic waste – waste chemical,

oil, batteries, treated timbers
Having identified such wastes
& pollutants, a plan should be
developed and implemented in
order to minimize any wastage
and pollution
 Example of waste management plan

Area/Waste Management Responsibility

Type method
Organic- Crop residues Manager
crop used as mulch; Operator
residues, Packing shed
packing waste produce
shed waste collected and
products deposited in
composting
area
 Example of waste management plan

Area/Waste Management Responsibility

Type method
Plastic- Used irrigation All staff
irrigation lines & plastic
lines, soil mulches are
covers rolled up and
stored at on-
farm holding
sites awating
appropriate
disposal
 Example of waste management plan

Area/Waste Management Responsibility

Type method
Obsolete & O&U chem are stored Manager
unusable separately in the
chemicals; chem. room and
chemical marked “not for use”.
containers Periodically disposed
them through
registered collection
agency; Rinsed
chemical drum stored
in holding area
awaiting disposal to
approved off farm site
 Example of waste management plan

Area/Waste Management Responsibility

Type method
Left over chem Left over spray are Manager
solutions – spray disposed according to
tank label direction; where operator
labeldirections
require specialst
solution disposal off
site, a contractor is
contacted to pump
out and disposal
services
 Example of waste management plan

Area/Waste Management Responsibility

Type method
Machinery & Waste oil iscollected Manager
vehicles – and stored in
oils,tires, wasteoil holding Maintenance
spareparts containers in the staff
machinery shed.
Some oil is reused on
farm equipment;
Machinery/vehicle
spare parts
andtiresare collected
and stored in
designated area until
Whenever possible, avoid land filling,
burning or recycling of waste.

Crop residues maybe composted and

reused for soil conditioning
Composting of Crop Residues
Farm wastes such as grass chippings, leaves,
corn stalks, good sources of raw materials
for composting.
Composting is a method of speeding up the
natural processes of rotting. Instead of
having waste materials, leaving undisturbed
and left to rot is not composting but a
process of putrefaction, of which the
outcome is often associated with foul odor
and high build up of pathogens.
 Continuation of Composting

Removal of crop residues from

vegetable beds and planting area
and making them into compost help
to reduce reinfestation of pests and
diseases in a particular farm
Disposal of empty pesticide
containers
•Empty pesticide containers should
not be reused. They should be
disposed in a manner that avoid
exposure to human and
contamination of the environment

•Triple rinsing techniques should be

practiced for the washing of these
empty containers
•These rinsed containers should be
pierced to prevent reuse. They
should be securely kept until
disposal is possible.

•Containers should be buried in

disposal pits away from the water
sources and planting area in the
farm.

•Pit site should be properly labeled

Surplus spray mix and tank
washings

-should be sprayed over an

untreated part of the crop as long as
the recommended dosage has not
been exceeded or on designated
fallow land
Cleaning of Litters & Waste
Regular and routinary cleaning of the area
is a must
•The visual assessment will be indicative that
there is no evidence of breeding grounds in
areas of waste/litter in the immediate vicinity
of production or storage building

•Insignificant and incidental litter and waste in

designated areas are acceptable as well as the
waste from the current day’s work; However, all
litters and waste should have been cleaned up
before the work is over.

•Areas where produce is handled indoors are

cleaned at least once a day.
 ENERGY EFFICENCY
•Consumption of electricity and fuel
should be monitored and reviewed
for efficient and optimized operation

•Machinery and equipment should be

serviced to maintain operational
efficiency
•Monitoring of energy use - through
maintenance of record of energy use

•Use of nonrenewable energy sources

should be kept to a minimum

Example: Farming equipment shall be

selected and maintained for optimum
consumption of energy
THANK YOU VERY MUCH
FOR LISTENING