HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

TOMB OF ILTUTMISH

P.P. SAVANI SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE P.P.S.U.

INTRODUCTION
 SLAVE DYNASTY- 1200 A.D.-1246 A.D.

 THE FIRST DYNASTY, KNOWN AS THE SLAVE KINGS OF DELHI. THIS

NAME HAS BEEN GIVEN TO AS ITS MEMBERS WERE NOT OF

ROYAL BLOOD, BUT BELONGED TO A SYSTEM OF SLAVERY

 MOHAMMED GHAURI'S SLAVES, QUTB-UD~.AIBAK, WHOM.THAT

EASTERN PERSIAN PRINCE APPOINTED AS GOVERNOR OF HIS

POSSESSIONS IN INDIA IN A.D., 1191, WAS

 THE FIRST RULER OF THIS DYNASTY. HE WAS EVENTUALLY

CONFINED TO BEING A PURELY INDIAN SOVEREIGN. HE DIED IN

1210 AS A RESULT OF A POLO ACCIDENT, AND THE CROWN

SHORTLY PASSED TO SHAMS-UD-DIN ILTUTMISH, HIS SON-IN-LAW

LOCATION
 TOMB OF ILTUTMISH IS LOCATITED AT
QUIT COMPLEX DELHI.
 LIES TO THE NORTHWEST OF THE
QUWWATU'L ISLAM MOSQUE IN DELHI.
 TOMB OF ILTUTMISH WAS THE ISLAMIC
TIMB IN INDIA(DELHI).
 WITH THE TOMB OF ILTUTMISH THE
STORY OF INDO-ISLAMIC
ARCHITECTURE UNDER THE SLAVE
DYNASTY.
 SULTAN ILTUTMISH, CREDITED FOR
CEMENTING THE TURKISH EMPIRE IN
INDIA, DIDE IN 1235, DUE TO HIGH
FEVER.
HISTORY OF TOMB
 ILTUTMISH HIMSELF BULT IT IN ABOUT 1235, ON FIVE YEARS
AFTER THE CONSTRUCTION OF SULTAN GHARI’S TOMB.
 IT IS DIFFERENTBFROM THE LATTER AND ILLUSTRATES THE
DEVELOPMENTBOF INDO-ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE, WHEN
THE BUILDER HAD CEASED TO DEPEND FOR MATERIAL ON
THE DEMOLITION OF TEMPLES, ALTHOUGH THE ARCHES AND
SEMI-DOMES BELOW THE SQUINCHES WERE STILL LAID IN
THE INDIGENOUS CORBELLED FASHION.
 THE BUILDING WAS MADE FROM FOUNDATION UP AND NOT
ASSEMBLED.
 IT SEEMS THAT THERE HAD BEEN PLANS TO COVER THE TOMB
CHAMBER WITH A DOME, BUT IT FELL.
 IT WAS REPLACED BY FEROZE SHAH TUGHLAQ AND THE
AGAIN IT FELL AND WAS NOT REPLACED.
ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES
 IT IS THE FIRST EXAMPLE OF TYPICAL ISLAMIC VOCABULARY OF
PLACING CIRCULAR DOME ON A CUBIC MASS.
 IT IS SOME FORM OF SHALLOW DOME, EITHER BEAMS WERE
PROVIDED FOR SUPPORT OR SQUINCH TAKES A FORM OF SMALL
VAULT WITH HALF DOME SUPPORTING OVRER
 ARCHES OF SQUINCH ARE DECORATED WITH INTRICATE PATTERNS,
DELICATELY SUNK IN SANDSTONE AND MARBLE, FINE SCHEME OF
MOTIFS , INTERSPERSED WITH GEOMETRIC PATTERNS.
 IT HAS COARSE NATURE OF THE MASONRY, WHICH IS A RUBBLE
FOUNDATION COVERED WITH CEMENT.
 THE INTERIOR ON THE WEST IS OCCUPIED BY THREE 'MIHRABS' OR
PRAYER NICHES, THE CENTRAL ONE HIGHER AND ORNAMENTED
WITH MARBLE, TO SERVE AS A PLACE FOR PRAYERS, WHILE THE
OTHER SIDES ARE PIERCED BY ARCHED ENTRANCES
 The Cube & Hemisphere
 Square plan
 Arched entrance – eastern, southern and northern walls.
 Western side accommodates 3 prayer niches called mihrabs.
 Entrance door way, set within shallow arched recesses.
 THE GEOMRTRICAL SOLUTION LAY IN INCREASING THE FOUR SIDE OF
THE SQUARE TO EIGHT OF AN OCTAGON.
 A CUBIC BASE PIERCED BY ARCHED OPENINGS CROWNED WITH A
HEMISPHERICAL DOME IS THE MOST ESSCNTIAL AND ELEMENTARY
STRUCTURAL AND VISUAL UNIT OF ALMOST THE ENTIRE GAMUT OF
ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE, BE IT TOMBS, MOSQUES OR PALACES IN INDIA,
ARABIA, TURKEY, PERSIA OR ANYWHERE.
 THE PROCESS OF SPANNING THE CORNERS COULD BE REPEATED UNTIL
ACIRCULAR RING OF MASONRY COULD BE SAFELY PROJECTED OUT OVER
THE LOWER POLYGON.
 THE FIRST CONSTRUCTIONAL STEP THEN, WAS TO PUT AN ARCH ACROSS
THE CORNER, UNLESS THE SPAN WAS SMALL ENOUGH TO BE BRIDGED
BY A SIMPLE STONE BEAM.
 AECH IN TURN WERE COVERED WITH HIGHLY INTRICATE AND BEAUTIFUL
ISLAMIC ARABESQUES DELICATELY SUNK BOTH INTO SANDSTONE AND
 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

THANK YOU

BY
PRINCE SHINGALA - 18SA02AR028
HARSH VAGHASIA - 18SA02AR031
PAL SALIYA - 18SA02AR024

P.P. SAVANI SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE P.P.S.U.