STROKE

Philip sebastian
 A stroke is a medical condition in which poor
blood flow to the brain results in cell deaths.
 Mainly 2 types
 1) ischemic
 2) hemorrhagic
 Both are results in parts of the brain not
functioning properly
 Stroke is otherwise called as cerebrovascular
accident
SYMPTOMS
 Trouble in walking
 Speaking and understanding difficulty
 Paralysis or numbness of the face, arm or leg

 Early treatment with medication like some

clot bluster can minimise brain damage.
Other treatments focus on limiting the
complications and preventing additional
strokes
 Some people may get some additional signs &
symptoms
 Difficulty in walking, instability, paralysis
with weak muscles, problems with
coordination..etc

 Blurred vision, double vision, sudden vision

loss, temporary loss of vision, muscle
weakness, numbness, difficulty in
swallowing, instability to understand ,
mental confusion..etc
TREATMENT
 Early treatment with medication like clot
bluster can minimise brain damage, other
treatment focus on limiting complications
and preventing additional strokes
RISK FACTORS
 Life style risk factors
 Medical risk factors
 Age
 Sex
 Race
 Hormones
RHD
RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE
 Rheumatic heart disease is damage to one or
more heart valves that remains after an
episode of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is
resolved.
 It is caused by an episode or recurrent
episodes of ARF , where the heart has
become inflammed.
 RHD causes heart failure and those affected
are at risk of arrhythmias, stroke,
endocarditis and complications of pregnancy.
SYMPTOMS
 Chest pain
 Excessive fatigue
 Heart palpitations
 A thumping sensation in the chest
 Shortness of breath
TREATMENT
 A heart damage from rheumatic fever is
identified in childhood or young adulthood ,
daily antibiotics may be required until the
age of 25 or 30 to help prevent the
recurrence of rheumatic fever and avoid
development of infective bacterial
endocarditis. Additional treatment will
depend on the type of heart damage.
CORONARY HEART
DISEASE
 It is also called as CAD. It is other wise called
as ischemic heart disease. Coronary heart
disease is the narrowing or blockage of the
coronary arteries usually caused by
atherosclerosis.
SYMPTOMS
 Angina and the following symptoms of angina
 Chest pain
 Indigestion, heart burn, weakness, sweating ,
nausea
 Shortness of breath
 Heart attack
 There are several main types of angina
 Stable angina
 Unstable angina
 Variant angina
 Symptoms of heart attack includes:
 Chest discomfort and mild pain
 Coughing
 Dizziness
 Shortness of breath
TREATMENT
 CHD cannot be cured, but with today’s
technology it can be managed effectively.
SURGERY
 Surgery can open or replace the blocked
arteries, If the blood vessels have become
very narrow or if the symptoms are not
responding to the medications
RISK FACTORS
 Smoking
 Age
 Sex
 Having parent who developed CHD before
the age of 60 years
 High BP
 High blood cholesterol level

Lack of exercise
 Mental stress
 DM
PREVENTION
 Controlling blood cholesterol level
 Physically active
 Limiting alcohol intake
 Avoid tobacco products
DIAGNOSTIC METHOD
 ECG
 ECHO
 STRESS TEST
 CT
 CORONARY CATHETERIZATION
 BLOOD TEST
MENTAL ILLNESS
 A mental illness is a disease that causes mild
to severe disturbances in the thought and or
behaviour resulting in an inability to cope
with life life’s ordinary demands and
routines. Mental health problems may be
related to excessive stress due to a
particular situation or events.
5 WARNING SIGNS OF MENTAL
HEALTH RISK
 A change in personality
 Uncharacteristic anxiety, anger, moodiness
 Social withdrawal and isolation
 Lack of self care or risky behaviours
 Sense of hopelessness or feeling over
whelmed
CAUSES
 Genetic
 Infection
 Brain defects or injury
 Pre natal damages
 Substance abuse
 Other factors
TREATMENT
 Treatment varies with type of mental
disorders but almost always involves
psychiatric counselling
PREVENTIVE ASPECTS
 Translate scientific evidence for cost
effective preventive intervention in to public
health initiatives
 Increase social, professional and political
awareness regarding mental health promotion
 Promote interventions with multidisciplinary
approach
 Promote healthy life style
 Encourage school based interventions
 More clinical practices towards At risk
oriented detection and intervention