Teaching English

Presentation - 16

Col M. Javeed Khan (R)

Department of EDUCATION 1
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
 Course Outline

Detail of Course Outline1

1. Planning Lesson, and AIDS in Teaching English

Department of EDUCATION 2
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
LESSON PLAN
Lesson plan may be defined as follows,
• A lesson plan is defined as teacher's detailed description of the
course of instruction.
• Lesson plan refers to teacher's plan for teaching a lesson.
• Lesson plan is a teacher‘s guide for running a particular lesson, and
it includes the goal/objective (what the students are supposed to
learn), how the goal will be reached (the method, procedure) and
a way of measuring how well the goal was attained(test,
worksheet, homework etc).
• A lesson plan is a framework and a road map for a lesson, which
each teacher will create using an individual style.

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Significance of Lesson Plan
Lesson plan/planning is vital in teaching. Lesson planning can help to
ensure the successful running of the lesson. Incorporating best
practices in teaching and learning will help students
meet learning objectives for the course.
1. It helps teacher to manage time, effort and resources efficiently.
2. It gives teacher a bird‘s eye of view of things to be taught and
learned every day.
3. It provides the teacher many ways to keep the teaching process
dynamic: not monotonous and redundant.
4. It makes teacher organized whilst teaching.
5. Lesson planning helps teacher to achieve goals and objectives, and
same can be said on the part of students or pupils.
6. It gives teacher a reality check of his everyday performance.
7. It improves the habit and attitude of students or pupils.
8. It definitely improves teaching skills
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Elements of Lesson Plan
There are many different styles of lesson planning, but most contain
similar elements, based on
what is known about promoting student learning. Main elements of
lesson plan include;
• 3-5 lesson objectives (and the connection to the broader course
objective). At the end of this lesson, students will be able to…
• Content to be covered
• Activities (group work, problem-solving, case studies, think-pair-
share, etc.)
• Resources and materials needed (including technology)
• Timing
• Out of class work and assessment

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COVER SHEET
It includes general information for instance
Institution’s name____________
Teacher’s name______________
Grade Level______________
Strength of class___________
Course/Subject name__________________
Topic name______________
Time allotment____________
Date_______________

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STEPS/STAGES IN LESSON PLANNING
Lesson planning includes following sequential steps;
1. Objectives
• Objectives are the first step in writing a lesson plan.
• In the objectives section write precise and delineated goals for
what you want your students to be able to accomplish after the
lesson is completed.
• Objectives should be SMART i.e. Simple, Measureable, Assessable,
Research oriented and Timed

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STEPS/STAGES IN LESSON PLANNING
2. Previous Knowledge Testing/Warm up
Previous Knowledge serves as a hook on which new knowledge is
hanged, it helps to identify and know the level of students. P.K
Testing also referred as Brainstorming can be done by asking
questions (Q/A technique), general and then specific questions
relating to the topic.
3. Announcement of Topic/ Introduction
At this step teacher announces the topic/lesson to be proceeded.
A good introduction will create a need for students to learn the
material you are going to present and get them interested in
the day‘s topic.

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4. Presentation
It is based upon relevant methodology and A.V aids w.r.t the lesson.
(Keeping in view the interest of learners).
Using appropriate teaching method/strategy and instructional
materials the teacher presents the lesson. Keeping in view the
difficulty level, the lesson may be divided in parts for better
understanding of students.
5. Recapitulation
Recap is actually a sort of review about the lesson presented,
In order to judge the understanding level of students.
This may be done through Q/A technique, oral test etc.
Recapitulation may be partial (during the half lesson completion)
or final (after the completion of entire lesson).

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6. Reinforcement
After assessing the understanding level of learners through
recapitulation, enhancement of concept is crucial that is achieved
through additional strategies e.g. Worksheets, learning practice
(depending upon the nature of the lesson).
7. Practice/Assignment
For mastery of concept home assignment is given which may be
written, oral, project, research etc.
8. Evaluation
After the completion of lesson, teacher should write about his
teaching: how was the lesson (Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor)
how was students‘ response etc. This is actually self – evaluation, that
enables the instructor and learners to assess how well they have
grasped the lesson

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Purpose of Lesson Plan
• A daily lesson plan is developed by a teacher to guide class
instruction.
• Details will vary depending on the preference of the teacher,
subject being covered, and the need and/or curiosity of learners.
• Its purpose is to outline the "programme" for a single lesson.
• That's why it's called a lesson plan.
• It helps the teacher in both planning and executing the lesson.
• And it helps the students, by ensuring that they receive an actual
lesson with a beginning, a middle and an end, that aims to help
them learn some specific thing that they didn't know at the
beginning of the lesson (or practice and make progress in that
specific thing).

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• Lesson planning is vital component of effective teaching.
• It helps the teacher in both planning and executing the lesson.
• And it helps the students, by ensuring that they receive an actual
lesson with a beginning, a middle and an end.
• This unit includes fundamental aspects of lesson planning which
are pre-requisites for Teaching of English.

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English Lesson Plan – Prose/Poetry
• In linguistics, poetry and prose are two ways of classifying the
different styles of writings.
• Here, prose is language that aims at sharing information, while
poetry aims at using the language itself as music. Often, there are
times that poetry and prose overlap each other, and are
considered similar to each other.
• Poetry is a literary composition that aims to excite the reader
through a series of words in rhythm. Poetry is an art in itself. It is
the imagination and expression of the authors though in a
sophisticated manner. It is either written or spoken orally in a
structured way i.e. it is metrical in nature.
• Also, a poem/poetry‘ displays a sense of pattern that connects the
words to each other through their similar sounds or their individual
meanings. The words are not mere ornaments, but help in
conveying the meaning of the composition.
• The representation of poetry in lines helps to easily distinguish the
entire poem. 13
• Prose, on the other hand, is quite ordinary.
• It is considered the most typical form of language and does not
necessarily require a formal pattern or verse.
• There is no form of rhythm, balance or repetition in a prose, but it
is guided by a sustained formal arrangement.
• A prose is a large unit of sentences and is represented in lines
without breaks.
• Thus, prose writing is popularly used in newspapers, articles,
magazines, etc.
• Prose is similar to poetry but there is no structured and metered
quality in the former.
• Also, prose is often considered as dull, simple and common, as
compared to the expressive and beautiful poetry.
• It is straight-forward and disorganized as compared to a rhythmic
poetry.
• Though, there are slight rhymes in a prose, they are extremely un-
noticeable.
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IMPORTANCE OF ACTIVITIES IN LESSONS
• Activity method is a technique adopted by a teacher to emphasize
his or her method of teaching through activity in which the
students participate rigorously and bring about efficient learning
experiences.
• It is a child-centered approach.
• It is a method in which the child is actively involved in participating
mentally and physically.
• Learning by doing is the main focus in this method.
• Learning by doing is imperative in successful learning since it is well
proved that more the senses are stimulated, more a person learns
and longer he/she retains.

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Kinds of Activities:
The activities used in this strategy can be generalized under three
main categories:
· Exploratory - gathering knowledge, concept and skill.
· Constructive - getting experience through creative works.
· Expressional – presentations.

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USE OF AV AIDS
• Audio-visual aids in the classroom can enhance teaching methods
and improve student comprehension.
• Today's technology offers many choices to the informed educator
who wishes to capitalize on a new generation's appetite for
multimedia presentations. Lesson plans that incorporate the use
of audio-visual aids should be consistent with curriculum
objectives and not ued improperly.
• Audiovisual aids are defined as any device used to aid in the
communication of an idea.
• From this definition, virtually anything can be used as an aid,
providing it successfully communicates the idea or information for
which it is designed

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Basic Purposes of using audio-visual aids:
• Visual aids are very important and effective in the process of
meaningful teaching and learning.
• If we use audio impact of lesson, teaching and classroom
environment is long lasting.-visual aids considering the needs of
the students as well as the lesson.
• Impact of lesson, teaching and classroom environment is long
lasting.
• Visual aids capture the attention of students and they start
participating and taking interest in the lesson.
• Students not only clarify their concept but also associate their
abstract concepts with the visual aids and they get better
understanding of the concepts

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Advantages of AV Aids
• helps in effective perceptual and conceptual learning
• helpful in capturing and sustaining attention of students
• arouses interest and motivates students to learn
• is helpful in new learning
• helps in saving energy and time of both the teachers and students
• provides near realistic experience
• can meet individual demands
• is useful in for education of masses

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Characteristics of Good Teaching Aids
Teaching aids should be:
• Meaningful and purposeful
• Motivates the learners
• Accurate in every aspect
• Simple and cheap
• Improvised
• Large in size
• Up-to-date
• Easily portable

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The End

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